Abstract: According to one embodiment, a sensor includes a sensor element. The sensor element includes a first base body, a first fixed electrode fixed to the first base body, and a first structure body. The first structure body includes a first fixed portion fixed to the first base body, a first deformable portion supported by the first fixed portion, a first intermediate portion supported by the first deformable portion, and a first movable portion supported by the first intermediate portion. The first deformable portion includes a first deformed facing surface facing the first base body, and a first deformable surface. The first intermediate portion includes a first intermediate facing surface facing the first base body, and a first intermediate surface. The first deformable surface is possible to be deformed depending on a gas included in a space around the first structure body.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a sensor includes a sensor element. The sensor element includes a first base body, a first fixed electrode fixed to the first base body, and a first structure body. The first structure body includes a first fixed portion fixed to the first base body, a first deformable portion supported by the first fixed portion, a first intermediate portion supported by the first deformable portion, and a first movable portion supported by the first intermediate portion. The first deformable portion includes a first deformed facing surface facing the first base body, and a first deformable surface. The first intermediate portion includes a first intermediate facing surface facing the first base body, and a first intermediate surface. The first deformable surface is possible to be deformed depending on a gas included in a space around the first structure body.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a sensor includes a base body, and a first sensor part. The first sensor part includes fixed and movable electrode members, and first and second support members. The fixed electrode member includes a fixed electrode fixed to the base body. The movable electrode member includes a movable electrode. The movable electrode member includes first and second movable portions, and a third movable portion between the first and second movable portions. The first support member is fixed to the base body and connected with the first movable portion. The second support member is fixed to the base body and connected with the second movable portion. The first and second support members support the movable electrode member to provide a first gap between the fixed and movable electrode members. The fixed electrode member includes first, second, and third fixed electrode portions facing the movable portion.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a sensor includes a base body, and a first sensor part. The first sensor part includes fixed and movable electrode members, and first and second support members. The fixed electrode member includes a fixed electrode fixed to the base body. The movable electrode member includes a movable electrode. The movable electrode member includes first and second movable portions, and a third movable portion between the first and second movable portions. The first support member is fixed to the base body and connected with the first movable portion. The second support member is fixed to the base body and connected with the second movable portion. The first and second support members support the movable electrode member to provide a first gap between the fixed and movable electrode members. The fixed electrode member includes first, second, and third fixed electrode portions facing the movable portion.

Abstract: A variable valve mechanism includes a first member and a second member which are disposed between a cam and a valve, a switch pin that is displaced to connect and disconnect the first member to and from the second member, and a displacement device. The displacement device includes a ring-shaped plate that is fitted on a camshaft of the cam so as to be co-rotatable with the camshaft and slidable in a longitudinal direction of the camshaft and that has one side surface configured to contact the switch pin and has the other side surface including a tapered surface formed so that a plate thickness increases toward a rotational direction, and a support device formed by a support pin and a moving device that moves the support pin to a position where the support pin contacts the tapered surface and a position not contacting the tapered surface.

Abstract: A variable valve mechanism includes a first member and a second member which are disposed between a cam and a valve, a switch pin that is displaced to connect and disconnect the first member to and from the second member, and a displacement device. The displacement device includes a ring-shaped plate that is fitted on a camshaft of the cam so as to be co-rotatable with the camshaft and slidable in a longitudinal direction of the camshaft and that has one side surface configured to contact the switch pin and has the other side surface including a tapered surface formed so that a plate thickness increases toward a rotational direction, and a support device formed by a support pin and a moving device that moves the support pin to a position where the support pin contacts the tapered surface and a position not contacting the tapered surface.

Abstract: A variable valve mechanism includes a first cam and a second cam, a main arm that drives a valve when swinging, a first sub arm that swings when pressed by the first cam, a second sub arm that swings when pressed by the second cam, and a switch device. The switch device includes a first switch pin that moves between a first coupled position between the main arm and the first sub arm and a first uncoupled position, and a second switch pin that moves between a second coupled position between the main arm and the second sub arm and a second uncoupled position. Both switch pins are arranged so as to be displaced from each other in positions where these switch pins do not overlap at least during a base circle phase in which base circles of both cams act.

Abstract: A variable valve mechanism of an internal combustion engine includes a cam, a transmission mechanism, a first variable device that controls the transmission mechanism to continuously change at least a maximum lift amount of a lift curve indicating a lift amount of a valve that corresponds to a rotation angle of the internal combustion engine, and a second variable device that controls the transmission mechanism to continuously change at least an operation angle of the lift curve. When the lift curve lies in any condition within a predetermined range that covers all or part of a variable range of the lift curve, an absolute value of a ratio of a maximum lift amount variation to an operation angle variation for a slight change from the condition caused by the first variable device is larger than that for a slight change from the condition caused by the second variable device.

Abstract: In a variable valve mechanism of an internal combustion engine, when a slider is displaced relative to an input member and an output member in an axial direction, the output member turns relative to the input member in a swing direction, whereby a lift of a valve is increased or reduced. The variable valve mechanism is brought into a lift retaining state when the slider is placed in an idle running range located on a reducing direction side with respect to a boundary position. The lift retaining state is a state where when the slider is displaced in the axial direction, the input member and the output member are displaced together with the slider in the axial direction, so that the relative displacement of the slider and the relative turning of the output member do not occur and the lift of the valve is retained.

Abstract: The present invention provides a variable valve mechanism of an internal combustion engine, which includes an input member, an output member, a slider and a variable device. The output member has internal space formed therein and has a first cutout and a second cutout which are formed at two positions separated from each other in the swing direction so as to extend from an outer periphery of the output member to the internal space, and the input member is mounted in the internal space so as to extend through both inner sides of the first and second cutouts, and is brought into contact with inner side surfaces of the cutouts from both sides in the thrust direction, whereby relative displacement of the input member together with the slider in the thrust direction with respect to the output member is restricted at two positions by the first and second cutouts.

Abstract: A variable valve mechanism of an internal combustion engine includes a plurality of swing members and a variable device that displaces a control shaft to displace a plurality of slider gears of the swing members at a time, thereby changing valve lifts of the plurality of swing members at a time by meshing of helical splines. The swing members include a first swing member for a predetermined cylinder of a plurality of cylinders and a second swing member for a cylinder other than the predetermined cylinder, and a helix angle of the helical splines varies between the first and the second swing members. The variable device displaces the control shaft to a predetermined normal position to perform a normal operation, and displaces the control shaft to a predetermined cylinder cutoff position to perform a cylinder cutoff operation in which the second swing member does not drive a valve.

Abstract: A variable valve mechanism includes a first cam and a second cam, a main arm that drives a valve when swinging, a first sub arm that swings when pressed by the first cam, a second sub arm that swings when pressed by the second cam, and a switch device. The switch device includes a first switch pin that moves between a first coupled position between the main arm and the first sub arm and a first uncoupled position, and a second switch pin that moves between a second coupled position between the main arm and the second sub arm and a second uncoupled position. Both switch pins are arranged so as to be displaced from each other in positions where these switch pins do not overlap at least during a base circle phase in which base circles of both cams act.

Abstract: The present invention provides a variable valve mechanism of an internal combustion engine, which includes a rocker arm that includes a roller arm including a roller that rotatably abuts against a cam and a side arm provided at a side of the roller arm and that drives a valve, and a switching device that includes a switching pin and a hydraulic chamber provided inside the rocker arm and that switches a drive state of the valve by displacing the switching pin between a coupling position at which the switching pin extends between the roller arm and the side arm and a non-coupling position at which the switching pin does not extend between the roller arm and the side arm based on variations in hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic chamber. The switching pin is provided on an axis of the roller, and the hydraulic chamber is provided inside the roller arm.

Abstract: A variable valve mechanism of an internal combustion engine includes a cam, a transmission mechanism, a first variable device that controls the transmission mechanism to continuously change at least a maximum lift amount of a lift curve indicating a lift amount of a valve that corresponds to a rotation angle of the internal combustion engine, and a second variable device that controls the transmission mechanism to continuously change at least an operation angle of the lift curve. When the lift curve lies in any condition within a predetermined range that covers all or part of a variable range of the lift curve, an absolute value of a ratio of a maximum lift amount variation to an operation angle variation for a slight change from the condition caused by the first variable device is larger than that for a slight change from the condition caused by the second variable device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a variable valve mechanism of an internal combustion engine, which includes a rocker arm that is swingably supported by a single pivot, and a switching device that operates the rocker arm to switch a drive state of the valve, in which the rocker arm is configured such that at least in a predetermined drive state, a pressing force of the cam is applied disproportionately to one side of the rocker arm in a width direction with respect to a center line when the cam presses a portion of the rocker arm located away from the center line in the width direction. The variable valve mechanism further includes a swing guide that abuts against the rocker arm so that the rocker arm is guided in a swing direction so as not to be tilted in the width direction.

Abstract: In a variable valve mechanism of an internal combustion engine, when a slider is displaced relative to an input member and an output member in an axial direction, the output member turns relative to the input member in a swing direction, whereby a lift of a valve is increased or reduced. The variable valve mechanism is brought into a lift retaining state when the slider is placed in an idle running range located on a reducing direction side with respect to a boundary position. The lift retaining state is a state where when the slider is displaced in the axial direction, the input member and the output member are displaced together with the slider in the axial direction, so that the relative displacement of the slider and the relative turning of the output member do not occur and the lift of the valve is retained.

Abstract: The present invention provides a variable valve mechanism, which includes a rocker arm including an input member and an output member; a switching device that switches a drive state of the valve by displacing the switching pin between a coupling position at which the switching pin extends between the first pinhole in the input member and the second pin hole in the output member and a non-coupling position at which the switching pin does not extend; and a lost motion spring. A displacement clearance is formed between an inner peripheral surface of the first or second pin hole and an outer peripheral surface of the switching pin to permit the relative displacement in a range of the displacement clearance at a coupled time so that a tappet clearance is not formed with the input member urged toward the cam by the lost motion spring.

Abstract: A variable valve mechanism of an internal combustion engine includes a plurality of swing members and a variable device that displaces a control shaft to displace a plurality of slider gears of the swing members at a time, thereby changing valve lifts of the plurality of swing members at a time by meshing of helical splines. The swing members include a first swing member for a predetermined cylinder of a plurality of cylinders and a second swing member for a cylinder other than the predetermined cylinder, and a helix angle of the helical splines varies between the first and the second swing members. The variable device displaces the control shaft to a predetermined normal position to perform a normal operation, and displaces the control shaft to a predetermined cylinder cutoff position to perform a cylinder cutoff operation in which the second swing member does not drive a valve.

Abstract: The present invention provides a variable valve mechanism of an internal combustion engine, which includes an input member, an output member, a slider and a variable device. The output member has internal space formed therein and has a first cutout and a second cutout which are formed at two positions separated from each other in the swing direction so as to extend from an outer periphery of the output member to the internal space, and the input member is mounted in the internal space so as to extend through both inner sides of the first and second cutouts, and is brought into contact with inner side surfaces of the cutouts from both sides in the thrust direction, whereby relative displacement of the input member together with the slider in the thrust direction with respect to the output member is restricted at two positions by the first and second cutouts.

Abstract: The present invention provides a variable valve mechanism of an internal combustion engine, which includes a rocker arm that includes a roller arm including a roller that rotatably abuts against a cam and a side arm provided at a side of the roller arm and that drives a valve, and a switching device that includes a switching pin and a hydraulic chamber provided inside the rocker arm and that switches a drive state of the valve by displacing the switching pin between a coupling position at which the switching pin extends between the roller arm and the side arm and a non-coupling position at which the switching pin does not extend between the roller arm and the side arm based on variations in hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic chamber. The switching pin is provided on an axis of the roller, and the hydraulic chamber is provided inside the roller arm.