Abstract: The present invention aims at providing a composite semipermeable membrane excellent in water permeability and salt-blocking rate, and including an extremely small amount of unreacted polyfunctional amine components in the membrane, and at providing a process for producing the composite semipermeable membrane. A composite semipermeable membrane having a skin layer formed on the surface of a porous support, the skin layer comprising a polyamide resin obtained by interfacial polymerization of a polyfunctional amine component and a polyfunctional acid halide component, wherein the content of an unreacted polyfunctional amine component is 200 mg/m2 or less after formation of the skin layer and before a membrane washing treatment, and the content of the unreacted polyfunctional amine component after the membrane washing treatment is 20 mg/m2 or less.

Abstract: The engine ECU executes a program including the step of detecting an engine coolant temperature, the step of detecting an engine speed and an engine load, the step of estimating a temperature at a tip end of an in-cylinder injector based on the engine coolant temperature, the engine speed and the engine load, and, when the temperature at the tip end is greater than a guaranteed temperature, the step of calculating a drive duty of a high-pressure fuel pump that ensures a decrease of the temperature at the tip end of the in-cylinder injector to the guaranteed temperature, and the step of controlling the high-pressure fuel pump using the drive duty.

Abstract: The engine ECU executes a program including the step of detecting an engine coolant temperature, the step of detecting an engine speed and an engine load, the step of estimating a temperature at a tip end of an in-cylinder injector based on the engine coolant temperature, the engine speed and the engine load, and, when the temperature at the tip end is greater than a guaranteed temperature, the step of calculating a drive duty of a high-pressure fuel pump that ensures a decrease of the temperature at the tip end of the in-cylinder injector to the guaranteed temperature, and the step of controlling the high-pressure fuel pump using the drive duty.

Abstract: The engine ECU executes a program including the step of detecting an engine coolant temperature, the step of detecting an engine speed and an engine load, the step of estimating a temperature at a tip end of an in-cylinder injector based on the engine coolant temperature, the engine speed and the engine load, and, when the temperature at the tip end is greater than a guaranteed temperature, the step of calculating a drive duty of a high-pressure fuel pump that ensures a decrease of the temperature at the tip end of the in-cylinder injector to the guaranteed temperature, and the step of controlling the high-pressure fuel pump using the drive duty.

Abstract: A low-pressure delivery pipe provided with intake manifold injectors, a fuel pressure regulator, a high-pressure fuel pump, a high-pressure delivery pipe provided with in-cylinder injectors, and an electromagnetic relief valve are connected in series at the downstream of a low-pressure fuel pump that discharges a fuel within a fuel tank at a prescribed pressure. Since the low-pressure delivery pipe is arranged downstream of the low-pressure fuel pump, the fuel pressure within the low-pressure delivery pipe is lowered upon stop of vehicle operation, in response to stop of the low-pressure fuel pump. The fuel pressure within the high-pressure delivery pipe is also lowered in response to stop of the low-pressure fuel pump, by opening the electromagnetic relief valve upon stop of vehicle operation. Thus, oil tightness of the injectors during the stop of vehicle operation is ensured.

Abstract: A low-pressure delivery pipe provided with intake manifold injectors, a fuel pressure regulator, a high-pressure fuel pump, a high-pressure delivery pipe provided with in-cylinder injectors, and an electromagnetic relief valve are connected in series at the downstream of a low-pressure fuel pump that discharges a fuel within a fuel tank at a prescribed pressure. Since the low-pressure delivery pipe is arranged downstream of the low-pressure fuel pump, the fuel pressure within the low-pressure delivery pipe is lowered upon stop of vehicle operation, in response to stop of the low-pressure fuel pump. The fuel pressure within the high-pressure delivery pipe is also lowered in response to stop of the low-pressure fuel pump, by opening the electromagnetic relief valve upon stop of vehicle operation. Thus, oil tightness of the injectors during the stop of vehicle operation is ensured.

Abstract: A low-pressure delivery pipe provided with intake manifold injectors, a fuel pressure regulator, a high-pressure fuel pump, a high-pressure delivery pipe provided with in-cylinder injectors, and an electromagnetic relief valve are connected in series at the downstream of a low-pressure fuel pump that discharges a fuel within a fuel tank at a prescribed pressure. Since the low-pressure delivery pipe is arranged downstream of the low-pressure fuel pump, the fuel pressure within the low-pressure delivery pipe is lowered upon stop of vehicle operation, in response to stop of the low-pressure fuel pump. The fuel pressure within the high-pressure delivery pipe is also lowered in response to stop of the low-pressure fuel pump, by opening the electromagnetic relief valve upon stop of vehicle operation. Thus, oil tightness of the injectors during the stop of vehicle operation is ensured.

Abstract: A high pressure pump for decreasing an initial axial force of a clamping bolt and preventing distortion of a sealing surface and a cylinder form. The high pressure pump has an intermediate member including a cylinder body. The cylinder body has a pressurizing chamber communicated with a cylinder accommodating a plunger. Fluid in the pressurizing chamber is pressurized by reciprocating the plunger. The intermediate member is arranged between a cover and a flange and clamped by a clamping bolt. The clamping bolt has an exposed area at its axially central area where the entire periphery of the clamping bolt is exposed from the cover and the flange. One or both of the cover and the flange clamp the intermediate member with a flexing elastic force.

Abstract: A composite semipermeable membrance of the present invention comprises a thin film and a porous support membrane supporting the thin film, wherein the thin film includes polyamide based resin having a constituent unit with amide bond between diamine residue and di or tri carboxylic acid residue, in which nitrogen atom of the amide bond has a substituent of aromatic ring. A production method of this invention includes a contacting step of contacting the above composite semipermeable membrane with solution including an oxidizer. In addition, a water treatment method of this invention comprises a step of separating a raw water by a composite semipermeable membrane to obtain permeation water in which salt and/or organic substance is removed sufficiently in practical use, characterized in that the composite semipermeable membrane of this invention is used and a fungicide is added into the raw water.

Abstract: An ECU for an internal combustion engine predicts change in the driving state of the engine when switching from port injection mode to in-cylinder injection mode. In accordance with the prediction, the ECU actuates a high-pressure pump before entering the in-cylinder injection mode to pressurize the fuel supplied to an air-intake passage injector.

Abstract: The engine ECU executes a program including the step of detecting an engine coolant temperature, the step of detecting an engine speed and an engine load, the step of estimating a temperature at a tip end of an in-cylinder injector based on the engine coolant temperature, the engine speed and the engine load, and, when the temperature at the tip end is greater than a guaranteed temperature, the step of calculating a drive duty of a high-pressure fuel pump that ensures a decrease of the temperature at the tip end of the in-cylinder injector to the guaranteed temperature, and the step of controlling the high-pressure fuel pump using the drive duty.

Abstract: A fuel injector for an internal combustion engine including an in-cylinder fuel injection valve and an intake port fuel injection valve. An ECU controls an electromagnetic valve to keep a fuel inlet of a high pressure pump closed during an intake port injection mode during which fuel is injected only from an intake port fuel injection valve. As a result, even if the plunger reciprocates in the high pressure pump, fuel does not flow between the high pressure pump and a low pressure fuel path. Thus, pressure pulsation that would be caused by the operation of the high pressure pump does not occur in low pressure fuel.

Abstract: An ECU calculates the difference between the fuel pressure in a high-pressure distribution pipe and a target pressure when fuel is injected only from an air-intake passage injector. The ECU determines the bulk modulus of fuel that is associated with the coolant temperature. The ECU determines the amount of fuel that is to be discharged from a high-pressure pump based on the pressure difference and the bulk modulus. Then, the ECU actuates the high-pressure pump in accordance with the determined discharge amount.

Abstract: A fuel supply system according to the present invention includes a first delivery pipe for intake passage injection and a second delivery pipe for cylinder injection. The second delivery pipe is provided with a relief valve. A fuel discharge section of the relief valve is connected to the first delivery pipe via a relief passage.

Abstract: A low-pressure delivery pipe provided with intake manifold injectors, a fuel pressure regulator, a high-pressure fuel pump, a high-pressure delivery pipe provided with in-cylinder injectors, and an electromagnetic relief valve are connected in series at the downstream of a low-pressure fuel pump that discharges a fuel within a fuel tank at a prescribed pressure. Since the low-pressure delivery pipe is arranged downstream of the low-pressure fuel pump, the fuel pressure within the low-pressure delivery pipe is lowered upon stop of vehicle operation, in response to stop of the low-pressure fuel pump. The fuel pressure within the high-pressure delivery pipe is also lowered in response to stop of the low-pressure fuel pump, by opening the electromagnetic relief valve upon stop of vehicle operation. Thus, oil tightness of the injectors during the stop of vehicle operation is ensured.

Abstract: An ECU for an internal combustion engine predicts change in the driving state of the engine when switching from port injection mode to in-cylinder injection mode. In accordance with the prediction, the ECU actuates a high-pressure pump before entering the in-cylinder injection mode to pressurize the fuel supplied to an air-intake passage injector.

Abstract: An ECU calculates the difference between the fuel pressure in a high-pressure distribution pipe and a target pressure when fuel is injected only from an air-intake passage injector. The ECU determines the bulk modulus of fuel that is associated with the coolant temperature. The ECU determines the amount of fuel that is to be discharged from a high-pressure pump based on the pressure difference and the bulk modulus. Then, the ECU actuates the high-pressure pump in accordance with the determined discharge amount.

Abstract: A fuel injector for an internal combustion engine including an in-cylinder fuel injection valve and an intake port fuel injection valve. An ECU controls an electromagnetic valve to keep a fuel inlet of a high pressure pump closed during an intake port injection mode during which fuel is injected only from an intake port fuel injection valve. As a result, even if the plunger reciprocates in the high pressure pump, fuel does not flow between the high pressure pump and a low pressure fuel path. Thus, pressure pulsation that would be caused by the operation of the high pressure pump does not occur in low pressure fuel.

Abstract: A cam for driving a high-pressure fuel pump has a cam profile that is asymmetric for the suction stroke and the ejection stroke. The cam profile is set so that the cam angle for the ejection stroke is greater than the cam angle for the suction stroke. Therefore, even when the cam drive shaft is rotating at a constant speed, the duration of the ejection stroke becomes longer than the duration of the suction stroke. That is, the changing speed of the capacity of a pressurizing chamber becomes less during the ejection stroke than during the suction stroke.

Abstract: A composite semipermeable membrance of the present invention comprises a thin film and a porous support membrane supporting the thin film, wherein the thin film includes polyamide based resin having a constituent unit with amide bond between diamine residue and di or tri carboxylic acid residue, in which nitrogen atom of the amide bond has a substituent of aromatic ring. A production method of this invention includes a contacting step of contacting the above composite semipermeable membrane with solution including an oxidizer. In addition, a water treatment method of this invention comprises a step of separating a raw water by a composite semipermeable membrane to obtain permeation water in which salt and/or organic substance is removed sufficiently in practical use, characterized in that the composite semipermeable membrane of this invention is used and a fungicide is added into the raw water.