Abstract: A measurement system includes a multi-axis robot, a measurement unit coupled to the multi-axis robot, and a data processing apparatus, wherein the measurement unit includes one or more imaging devices movable with respect to a reference position of the multi-axis robot, and a position specification device for specifying a position of one or more of the imaging devices with respect to the reference position, wherein the data processing apparatus includes an acquisition part for acquiring a plurality of pieces of captured image data generated by having one or more of the imaging devices capture images at two or more positions, and a measurement part for measuring a distance between the plurality of feature points in a workpiece on the basis of a position of the feature point of the workpiece included in the plurality of pieces of captured image data.

Abstract: A measurement apparatus includes a sensor that measures a workpiece, a multi-axis robot that moves the sensor in a three-dimensional space, a position determination part that determines i) a plurality of measurement positions that are positions along a normal direction at each of a plurality of positions to be measured on the workpiece and ii) a direction of the sensor at each of the plurality of measurement positions on the basis of at least either design data or captured image data indicating the geometry of the workpiece, a moving control part that sequentially moves the sensor to the plurality of measurement positions by controlling the robot, and a measurement control part that outputs measured data indicating a result that the sensor measured at each of the plurality of measurement positions in association with the plurality of positions to be measured.

Abstract: An arithmetic unit 15 multiplies a codeword X and a correlation matrix W. A comparison unit 17 compares the products output from the arithmetic unit 15 with a threshold ±TH. A learning state monitor 18 updates the correlation matrix based on the comparison results from the comparison unit. When all of the codewords are updated and the calculation results using the updated correlation matrix fall within a predetermined range, the threshold is changed to repeat the learning operation again for all of the codewords. When the calculation results obtained from the updated correlation matrix do not fall within a predetermined range and equal the previous calculation results, the update value for the correlation matrix is decreased to repeat the learning operation again for all of the codewords. When the update value becomes 0, an optimal threshold as well as an optimal correlation matrix are obtained, thereby completing the learning operation.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus which uses morphology is provided. A masked image is provided to a morphological processing section of the image processing apparatus. The morphological processing section calculates the opening gap of the masked image, calculates the minimum number N of iterations of dilations required for filling the opening gap and, after performing N dilations, executes N erosions to remove a mesh pattern. Then, an edge detecting section detects the edges of a wiring pattern in the image and a measuring section calculates the distance between the edges, which is the width of the wiring.

Abstract: A communication system of the present invention comprises a transmission side for transmitting a codeword in which the components of a block encoded codeword are rearranged with a predetermined rule of rearrangement to disperse a redundant portion, and a receiving side for decoding into an original codeword by performing a calculation with a correlation matrix having the row components rearranged with the same rule. This correlation matrix is learned by performing a predetermined calculation using a post-coded codeword and a pre-learned correlation matrix, comparing the components of the calculation result with a preset threshold, and updating the elements of the correlation matrix based on the comparison results to obtain the post-learned correlation matrix. Threshold for learning the correlation matrix is gradually increased as the learning operation proceeds, whereby the optimal threshold to keep the enough margin for bit error is obtained for all of the codewords.

Abstract: In an associative matrix training method, calculation between a code word and an associative matrix is performed. The calculation result is compared with a threshold value set for each component on the basis of an original word. The associative matrix is updated on the basis of the comparison result using an update value which changes stepwise. Training of the associative matrix including calculation, comparison, and update is performed for all code words, thereby obtaining an optimum associative matrix for all the code words. An associative matrix training apparatus and storage medium are also disclosed.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus which uses morphology is provided. A masked image is provided to a morphological processing section of the image processing apparatus. The morphological processing section calculates the opening gap of the masked image, calculates the minimum number N of iterations of dilations required for filling the opening gap and, after performing N dilations, executes N erosions to remove a mesh pattern. Then, an edge detecting section detects the edges of a wiring pattern in the image and a measuring section calculates the distance between the edges, which is the width of the wiring.

Abstract: The present invention realizes a high coding gain employing a non-linear coding and a non-linear mapping. A converter converts one row of data that is inputted from a terminal into plural rows of data. The non-linear encoders non-linearly encode-lower level two rows of data in plural rows of converted data, and outputs them as data of level 1 and level 2 to a non-linear mapping circuit. The non-linear mapping circuit maps the data non-linearly encoded by the non-linear encoders and the uncoded data so that each codeword distance may be optimal. A modulator modulates a carrier wave with two-dimensional data that are mapped by the non-linear mapping circuit.

Abstract: A communication system of the present invention comprises a transmission side for transmitting a codeword in which the components of a block encoded codeword are rearranged with a predetermined rule of rearrangement to disperse a redundant portion, and a receiving side for decoding into an original codeword by performing a calculation with a correlation matrix having the row components rearranged with the same rule. This correlation matrix is learned by performing a predetermined calculation using a post-coded codeword and a pre-learned correlation matrix, comparing the components of the calculation result with a preset threshold, and updating the elements of the correlation matrix based on the comparison results to obtain the post-learned correlation matrix. Threshold for learning the correlation matrix is gradually increased as the learning operation proceeds, whereby the optimal threshold to keep the enough margin for bit error is obtained for all of the codewords.

Abstract: A decoder for decoding an encoded word X having N bits as an encoded signal that was encoded by an encoder from an ex-code word Y having M bits as a signal before being encoded by the encoder, includes (a) a correlation matrix computation part which makes computation of the encoded word X with a correlation matrix W defined by N rows and M columns, to output a computation result having 1 row and M columns and thereby M components, (b) a judgment part which judges each component in the computation result, and (c) an ex-code word output part which outputs a result of judgment carried out in the judgment part, as a recovered ex-code word corresponding to the ex-code word Y.

Abstract: An interference optical system (18) leads parallel beam to a pair of opposed test surface (M1, M2). It then leads, from the test surfaces via different optical paths (C1, C2), interference fringe images formed by radiation of the parallel beam to the test surfaces (M1, M2), respectively. The interference optical system (18) has a pair of opposite reference surfaces (S1, S2) formed thereon and defined with a highly accuracy parallelism and distance. A measurement head (27) is provided with these reference surfaces (S1, S2), which are interposed between and oppose to the test surfaces (M1, M2), respectively. Imaging devices (19a, 20a) take interference fringe images that are created through interference between a light reflected at each of the test surfaces (M1, M2) and a light reflected at the corresponding reference surface (S1, S2) opposing thereto.

Abstract: A phase shift interferometer (4) images a plurality of interference fringe images each generated from interference between a test light reflected at a test surface (3a) and a reference light reflected at an reference surface (5) by emitting a coherent light to both surfaces while varying a phase difference between the test light and the reference light from image to image. A surface shape analyzer (12) analyzes the plurality of interference fringe images taken by the phase shift interferometer (4) to obtain surface shape information of the test surface (3a). A typical plane computer (13) computes a typical plane of the test surface (3a) on the basis of the surface shape information obtained from the surface shape analyzer (12). An oblique angle computer (14) computes an oblique angle of the typical plane computed by the typical plane computer (13) to the reference surface (5).

Abstract: A shape measuring apparatus is provided, which is capable of accurately measuring the shape of an observed surface of an object to be measured and which can be designed to be compact in size and light in weight. An optical reflected image from an observed surface of an object to be measured and an optical reflected image from a reference surface are interfered with each other to generate interference light. The interference light is dispersed into at least three beams, which are shifted in phase by respective predetermined phase shifting amounts. At least three interference fringe images are simultaneously captured by at least one image pickup device which is smaller in number than the interference fringe images.

Abstract: An arithmetic unit 15 multiplies a codeword X and a correlation matrix W. A comparison unit 17 compares the products output from the arithmetic unit 15 with a threshold ±TH. A learning state monitor 18 updates the correlation matrix based on the comparison results from the comparison unit. When all of the codewords are updated and the calculation results using the updated correlation matrix fall within a predetermined range, the threshold is changed to repeat the learning operation again for all of the codewords. When the calculation results obtained from the updated correlation matrix do not fall within a predetermined range and equal the previous calculation results, the update value for the correlation matrix is decreased to repeat the learning operation again for all of the codewords. When the update value becomes 0, an optimal threshold as well as an optimal correlation matrix are obtained, thereby completing the learning operation.

Abstract: By a shift register, n×d bits of data input Din are converted into parallel signals and latched by a register. A shift register is loaded with the parallel signals latched to the register when a data load signal is at high level and converts the loaded parallel signals into serial signals and outputs the serial signals as output data Dout when the data load signal is at low level. Therefore, connection between the register and the shift register is set such that a time-sequential order of the input data Din can be switched and accordingly, block interleaving can be carried out without using storages.

Abstract: A scanning wide-area surface shape analyzer drastically shortens a time period required for measuring the surface shape of a surface to be inspected. A scanner moves the measuring head in parallel with a flat surface for the measuring head to acquire the measured image data. An attitude-varying mechanism varies the acquisition attitude of the measuring head for acquiring the measured image data. An image processing control device analyzes and calculates the surface shape of an acquisition area corresponding to the acquisition position and in the acquisition attitude. The image processing control device controls driving of the scanner and the attitude-varying mechanism, calculates the next acquisition position by using measured image data acquired at the present acquisition position and in the present acquisition attitude, and calculates an acquisition attitude to be taken at the calculated next acquisition position.

Abstract: In a correlation matrix learning method, calculation between a code word and a correlation matrix is performed. The calculation result is compared with a threshold value set for each component on the basis of an original code word. The correlation matrix is updated on the basis of the comparison result using an update value which changes stepwise. Learning of the correlation matrix including calculation, comparison, and update is performed for all code words, thereby obtaining an optimum correlation matrix for all the code words. A correlation matrix learning apparatus and storage medium are also disclosed.

Abstract: Analog-to-digital converter 8 samples demodulated data signal 110 inputted from input terminal 14 in synchronism with clock signal 12 and converts the demodulated data signal into digital signal 9. Signal variation direction detection circuit 6 detects whether demodulated data signal 110 ascends or descends in one cycle of clock signal 12. Oscillator control circuit 10 supplies oscillator 4 with control voltage 5 corresponding to the amplitude of digital signal 9, and oscillator control circuit 10 switches whether to ascend or descend control voltage 5 as digital signal 9 increases on the basis of a variation direction signal 7. As a result, clock signal 12 generated by oscillator 4 has a frequency equal to the bit rate of demodulated data signal 110 and a phase fixed to demodulated data signal 110, and it is outputted from output terminal 122 as a clock signal reproduced from demodulated data signal 110.

Abstract: A decoder for decoding an encoded word X having N bits as an encoded signal to thereby have an ex-code word Y having M bits as a signal before encoded, includes (a) a correlation matrix computation part which makes computation of the encoded word X with a correlation matrix W defined by N rows and M columns, to output computation result having M columns, (b) a judgment part which judges each component in the computation result, and (c) an ex-code word output part which outputs a result of judgment carried out the judgment part, as the ex-code word Y.

Abstract: There is provided a scanning wide-area surface shape analyzer which is capable of drastically shortening a time period required for measuring the surface shape of an surface to be inspected. A scanner moves the measuring head in parallel with a flat surface such that a scanning reference position thereof set to a point of intersection between an optical axis of the beam and the reference surface in the measuring head sequentially reaches each acquisition position used for the measuring head to acquire the measured image data. An attitude-varying mechanism varies the acquisition attitude of the measuring head for acquiring the measured image data, such that the direction of inclination of a reference axis being a direction vector extending along the optical axis from the scanning reference position is changed relative to the surface to be inspected.