Abstract: A liquid droplet ejecting head including: a piezoelectric element that includes a piezoelectric body, a first electrode disposed on one side of the piezoelectric body, and a second electrode disposed on the other side of the piezoelectric body; a first layer on one side of which the second electrode of the piezoelectric element is disposed; a second layer disposed on the other side of the first layer; a first electrical wire formed between the first layer and the second layer; and a second electrical wire that connects the first electrical wire and the second electrode, is provided.

Abstract: Provided is a communication terminal that is capable of securing a route having the finest state while suppressing a bandwidth that is consume by a transmission of a control packet at a low level, when applied in an ad-hoc network which uses an electrical power line. The communication terminal included in the ad-hoc network acquires a plurality of route candidates at the beginning of a data transmission by conducting a broadcast transmission of a route creation packet, and acquires a route having the finest state by conducting an unicast transmission of a route estimation packet to each of the route candidates in each predetermined period.

Abstract: There is provided a communication apparatus which, in an ad-hoc network, when receiving control packets from a plurality of terminals, can determine whether or not there is a collision among the control packets, and, based on the determination, can be prevented from continuing to be out of the network due to a collision among the control packets transmitted from the plurality of terminals. In the communication terminal, a communication section receives a control packet which periodically comes up on a communication path.

Abstract: Provided is a communication terminal device that reduces, in a network using a power line, the percentage of bands consumed for transmission of control packets in the bands consumed for all the communication, so as to ensure transmission of data intended to be transmitted. A PLC terminal F701 connected to the network of power line communication transmits, when having determined that the terminal does not receive from the network a beacon for a predetermined period of time, a beacon request packet to the network, using a modulation method having the lowest communication speed among the modulation methods that can be used in the network.

Abstract: There is provided a material having an excellent conductivity and oxidation resistance as well as a sufficient hardness for probe pins. The present invention provides a probe pin material including Au, Ag, Pd and Cu, wherein the concentration of Au is 40 to 55% by weight, the concentration of Ag is 15 to 30% by weight and the total concentration of Pd and Cu is 15 to 40% by weight. This material can further include 0.6 to 5% by weight of any one element from among Ni, Zn and Co. Furthermore, this alloy can be precipitation-hardened by being heated at 300 to 500° C., enabling provision of a material having a higher hardness.

Abstract: A promoter for a polycondensation reaction used together with a catalyst in a polycondensation reaction, the promoter for a polycondensation reaction comprising a pyrogallol compound having a benzene ring of which three hydrogen atoms adjacent to each other are substituted by hydroxyl groups; and a polycondensation resin obtained by polycondensing raw material monomers using the promoter as defined above and the catalyst. A polycondensation resin can be produced using the promoter of the present invention together with a catalyst in a polycondensation reaction, and the polycondensation resin can be used in various applications including, for example, films, sheets, fibers, toner materials for electrophotography, and the like.

Abstract: When no blank page is to be printed (S407) and an interleave page is to be output before or after a page to be printed (S405), if both a page to be printed and an interleave page to be output following the page to be output are blank pages (S406, S408), the page to be output and the interleave page are not printed out (S409).

Abstract: The invention provides an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a cylindrical support, and a charge-generating layer and a charge-transporting layer on or above the cylindrical support, wherein the thickness of the charge-generating layer is increased from the central portion in the axial direction of the cylindrical support towards both end portions thereof, and the difference in thickness between the two end portions is 2.5% or less of an average thickness of the charge-generating layer. Also disclosed are a method of producing the electrophotographic photoreceptor, a process cartridge including the electrophotographic photoreceptor, and an image-forming apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed is a capillary electrophoresis method for simultaneously electrophoresing an unknown sample and an internal standard material, determining an earliest peak as a peak derived from the internal standard material, and identifying the unknown sample on the basis of the internal standard substance-derived peak. The internal standard substance consists of a fluorescent substance or a salt thereof which has a positive or negative net charge of 2 or more in an electrolyte solution used for capillary electrophoresis. An earliest one of detected peaks is determined as a peak derived from the internal standard substance, and the remaining peaks are identified on the basis of the internal standard substance-derived peak.

Abstract: A liquid droplet ejecting head includes: an ejector having a nozzle, a pressure chamber, and a drive element that applies pressure to a liquid inside the pressure chamber; and a controller that applies a drive waveform to the drive element. The controller vibrates a flow velocity of the liquid ejected from the nozzle in a first positive direction vibration mode for causing a leading end portion of the liquid droplet to be ejected from the nozzle toward the opposite side of the pressure chamber side; and a second positive direction vibration mode for adjusting the velocity of a trailing end portion of the liquid droplet. An interval between the first positive direction vibration mode and the second positive direction vibration mode is set so as to make the velocity of the trailing end portion of the columnar liquid droplet faster than the velocity of the leading end portion thereof.

Abstract: An information providing apparatus includes, a communication section configured to transmit and receive to and from the terminal apparatus, a command analysis section configured to specify a command from the terminal apparatus, a user specifying section configured to specify a user transmitting the command, a keyword system providing section configured to transmit all or part of the keyword system to the terminal apparatus when a specified command is a keyword list request command, a content preview select section configured to specify at least one content based on the keyword, the user personal information and the history information when a specified command is a content preview request command, and select the preview data and content specifying data, and a content preview providing section configured to transmit the content preview data and the content specifying data to the terminal apparatus.

Abstract: A printing system capable of properly selecting a printer driver without putting load on the user, and generating print data using the selected printer driver even when the operating apparatus cannot communicate directly with an information processing apparatus having a print data-generating function. The printing apparatus generates a list of printer drives notified from information processing apparatuses, and sends the list to the operating apparatus when requested. The operating system selects a printer driver from the list and sends information of the selection and image data to the printing apparatus. The printing apparatus sends the image data to an information processing apparatus provided with the selected printer driver. The information processing apparatus generates print data from the image data and sends the print data to the printing apparatus.

Abstract: Provided is a hose clamp which is capable of reliably fastening and fixing a hose to a pipe without being affected by a layout of the hose to be fastened. The hose clamp (10) has an annular plate spring body (11), a slit (15) and a first tab (18) are formed at one end of the plate spring body (11), and an insertion section (23) and a second tab (25) are formed at another end. An engagement section (21) engaged with an opposite surface of the second tab (25) is formed at the first tab (18), and an operation section (29) extending in a width direction to be situated above the engagement section (21) is formed at the second tab (25). The engagement between the engagement section (21) and a groove (31) can be released by vertically moving the engagement section (21) and the operation section (29) away from each other by a flat head screwdriver (D) or by bringing the operation section (29) and the first tab (18) close to each other in the width direction by a plier (T).

Abstract: A promoter for a polycondensation reaction used together with a catalyst in a polycondensation reaction, the promoter for a polycondensation reaction comprising a pyrogallol compound having a benzene ring of which three hydrogen atoms adjacent to each other are substituted by hydroxyl groups; and a polycondensation resin obtained by polycondensing raw material monomers using the promoter as defined above and the catalyst. A polycondensation resin can be produced using the promoter of the present invention together with a catalyst in a polycondensation reaction, and the polycondensation resin can be used in various applications including, for example, films, sheets, fibers, toner materials for electrophotography, and the like.