Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a novel agent for adjusting hardness of a lens of an eye which can be taken easily, conveniently, and safely for a long-term, can effectively adjust the hardness of the lens, and is capable of preventing, alleviating and improving poor focus and decreased near visual acuity, such as presbyopia, caused by aging and various diseases. The present invention solves the above object by providing an agent for adjusting hardness of a lens of an eye comprising a glycosyl hesperetin as an active ingredient.

Abstract: An ophthalmic apparatus comprises a projection system in which a pattern member is provided with a predetermined pattern for measuring the shape of the cornea of an eye of a subject, the predetermined pattern is thereby projected on the cornea of the eye of the subject, and an optical observation system in which light flux having a shape of the predetermined pattern emitted from the projection system is reflected at the cornea of the eye of the subject, the eye of the subject is observed by the light reflected by the cornea. A surface at the eye of the subject side of the pattern member is coated with a paint having a filtering property that transmits infrared light and blocks visible light.

Abstract: A polyimide metal laminate including a polyimide resin having a copper foil and a stainless steel foil formed on respective sides of the polyimide resin, or a polyimide resin having two stainless steel foils formed on both sides of the polyimide resin, the polyimide metal laminate having: a peel strength of 1.0 kN/m or more between the polyimide resin and the stainless steel foil or copper foil; a peel strength of 1.0 kN/m or more between the polyimide resin and the stainless steel foil or copper foil after the polyimide metal laminate has been subjected to a heat treatment at 350° C. for 60 minutes; and no expansion or deformation after the polyimide metal laminate has been subjected to the heat treatment at 350° C. for 60 minutes.

Abstract: An ophthalmic apparatus comprises a projection system in which a pattern member is provided with a predetermined pattern for measuring the shape of the cornea of an eye of a subject, the predetermined pattern is thereby projected on the cornea of the eye of the subject, and an optical observation system in which light flux having a shape of the predetermined pattern emitted from the projection system is reflected at the cornea of the eye of the subject, the eye of the subject is observed by the light reflected by the cornea. A surface at the eye of the subject side of the pattern member is coated with a paint having a filtering property that transmits infrared light and blocks visible light.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a metal laminate which is broadly used for a flexible wiring board or the like and an etching method therefor. In particular, the present invention relates to a metal laminate which includes a layer obtained by laminating a metal layer and an insulating layer, where the insulating layer is subjected to an etching process, wherein, in a surface of the metal layer which is positioned so as to come in contact with the insulating layer, respective concentrations of main metal element and oxygen element constituting the metal layer are measured from the surface of the metal layer towards inside of the metal layer in a time-elapsing manner according to AES (Auger electron spectroscopy) and a value of the thickness of a metal oxide film of the surface of the metal layer measured at a time when atomic concentrations of the main metal element and the oxygen element constituting the metal layer become equal to each other is in a range of at least 0 ? to less than 50 ?.

Abstract: A polyimide metal laminate comprising a polyimide resin formed on a metal foil, wherein the polyimide resin does not cause the peeling of not less than 100 ?m in the polyimide resin and/or at an interface between the polyimide resin and the metal foil when the polyimide resin is heated in an oven at an atmospheric temperature of from 340 to 360° C. for 5 to 10 minutes, the coefficient of humidity expansion at 320 is from 1 to 20 ppm/% RH, and an average value of the etching rate by a 50 wt % aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide at 80° C. is not less than 1.0 ?m/min. The polyimide metal laminate can provide good heat resistance, superior dimensional stability and can be etching processed by an aqueous alkaline solution.

Abstract: A model eye for an eye characteristic measuring device and a calibration method for the model eye. The model eye can have various aberrations and/or power characteristics to be formed by a combination of a refractive-type lens and a phase plate for adding aberration and can be used to confirm the accuracy of wavefront measurement or the like of the eye characteristic measuring device. The model eye includes an anterior eye lens forming a predetermined power to be given to the model eye, a diffusion surface diffusing and reflecting incident light, the diffusion surface being disposed at an image point position corresponding to the predetermined power in relationship to the anterior eye lens, and an aberration adding member giving a predetermined aberration to an area between the anterior eye lens and the diffusion surface. Power and aberration required for the model eye are formed by the anterior eye lens and the phase plate.

Abstract: A polyimide metal laminate comprising a stainless steel layer/a resin layer/a thermoplastic polyimide resin layer/a metal thin film layer, wherein a thickness of the metal layer is in the range of 0.001 to 1.0 ?m, a method for producing the same and a hard disk suspension comprising these polyimide metal laminate are provided. The hard disk suspension can be capable of fine pitch processing such that wiring pitch is not more than 50 ?m.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a metal laminate which is broadly used for a flexible wiring board or the like and an etching method therefor. In particular, the present invention relates to a metal laminate which includes a layer obtained by laminating a metal layer and an insulating layer, where the insulating layer is subjected to an etching process, wherein, in a surface of the metal layer which is positioned so as to come in contact with the insulating layer, respective concentrations of main metal element and oxygen element constituting the metal layer are measured from the surface of the metal layer towards inside of the metal layer in a time-elapsing manner according to AES (Auger electron spectroscopy) and a value of the thickness of a metal oxide film of the surface of the metal layer measured at a time when atomic concentrations of the main metal element and the oxygen element constituting the metal layer become equal to each other is in a range of at least 0 ? to less than 50 ?.

Abstract: A heat resistance resin composition having superb low-temperature adhesiveness and a polyimide/metal laminate which is superior in solder heat resistance and hardly generates swelling when forming a Au—Sn bond or Au—Au bond, which are used for lead-free soldering and COF packaging.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus which detects light quantity distribution characteristics of a measuring target image projected to a fundus of an eye to be inspected and measures eye optical characteristics from the light quantity distribution characteristics. A projecting optical system has a light source and projects a measurement target to a fundus of an eye to be inspected by bundle of rays emitted from the light source, and a light receiving optical system condenses the bundle of rays reflected from the fundus of the eye. A photoelectric detector detects light quantity distribution characteristics of an image formed by the light receiving optical system, and an arithmetic unit measures eye optical characteristics of the eye based on a signal output from the photoelectric detector. A deflecting optical member for deflecting bundle of rays incident into both optical paths of the projecting optical system and the light receiving optical system is arranged so as to be rotatable.

Abstract: A model eye for an eye characteristic measuring device and a calibration method for the model eye. The model eye can have various aberrations and/or power characteristics to be formed by a combination of a refractive-type lens and a phase plate for adding aberration and can be used to confirm the accuracy of wavefront measurement or the like of the eye characteristic measuring device. The model eye includes an anterior eye lens forming a predetermined power to be given to the model eye, a diffusion surface diffusing and reflecting incident light, the diffusion surface being disposed at an image point position corresponding to the predetermined power in relationship to the anterior eye lens, and an aberration adding member giving a predetermined aberration to an area between the anterior eye lens and the diffusion surface. Power and aberration required for the model eye are formed by the anterior eye lens and the phase plate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for precise measurement of optical characteristics, and has an object to provide an optical characteristic measuring apparatus comprising a position change unit for changing the positions of beams transformed by a first transforming member, wherein a first light source emits a luminous flux of a first wavelength, a first illumination optical system illuminates a minute area on the retina of the eye under examination with the luminous flux from the first light source, a first light receiving optical system leads light to a first light receiving unit through a transforming member for transforming the luminous flux having undergone at least one of transmission and reflection at at least one surface of the object of measurement into at least nine beams, a position change unit changes the positions of the beams transformed by the first transforming member, and an arithmetic unit can determine optical characteristics of the object of measurement based on a first signal

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for precise measurement of optical characteristics, and has an object to provide an optical characteristic measuring apparatus comprising a position change unit for changing the positions of beams transformed by a first transforming member, wherein a first light source emits a luminous flux of a first wavelength, a first illumination optical system illuminates a minute area on the retina of the eye under examination with the luminous flux from the first light source, a first light receiving optical system leads light to a first light receiving unit through a transforming member for transforming the luminous flux having undergone at least one of transmission and reflection at at least one surface of the object of measurement into at least nine beams, a position change unit changes the positions of the beams transformed by the first transforming member, and an arithmetic unit can determine optical characteristics of the object of measurement based on a first signal