Abstract: The present invention relates to a control device and to a control method for a vehicle drive mechanism including a moving body having a movability range regulated by two stoppers, and a sensor which senses a position of the moving body. The control device of the present invention learns an output of the sensor corresponding to a contact state of a high-rigidity stopper, and limits, to a lower level, an operation variable of the actuator for moving the moving body toward a low-rigidity stopper along with an increase in an amount of change in the output of the sensor from the contact state of the high-rigidity stopper. Then, the control device learns the output of the sensor corresponding to the contact state of the low-rigidity stopper, and controls the actuator based on the output of the sensor learned at both the stopper positions.

Abstract: A toner comprising: a toner particle containing a binder resin and a colorant, and an inorganic fine particle A and B present on the surface of the toner particle, wherein the inorganic fine particle A is a silica fine particle having a number-average particle diameter (D1) of primary particles in a specific range, the inorganic fine particle B has a number-average particle diameter (D1) of primary particles in a specific range, and is at least one fine particle selected from a group consisting of a silica fine particle, a titanium oxide fine particle, and an alumina fine particle, A total fixing ratio of the inorganic fine particle A and B is 75% or more, and an inter-particle force Fp(A) and an inter-particle force Fp(B) are within specific numerical ranges and satisfy a specific relationship.

Abstract: A control apparatus is provided for an internal combustion engine equipped with compression ratio variable and variable valve mechanisms and includes first and second sub control apparatuses and a main control apparatus. The first sub control apparatus has a first microcomputer controlling the compression ratio variable mechanism, the second sub control apparatus has a second microcomputer controlling the variable valve mechanism, and the main control apparatus has a third microcomputer that calculates a target value of a top dead center of a piston and a target value of a valve timing of an intake valve, and outputs the target values. The main control apparatus changes a variable range of the target valve of the top dead center of the piston according to the valve timing of the intake valve, and the first sub control apparatus changes a control range of the top dead center of the piston.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an imaging apparatus, an imaging method, and a program that allow control of an invisible light component of a captured image without a mechanism that inserts and removes a filter that shields the invisible light component. A luminance composition unit combines a luminance signal of a visible light component of a pixel signal of a captured image including an invisible light component and the visible light component with the pixel signal. A chroma gain amplifier attenuates a chrominance signal of the visible light component. The present disclosure can be applied to an imaging apparatus and the like that include, for example, an optical filter that transmits visible light and infrared light, have pixels in an RGBW array, and perform a Bayer conversion process on a captured image.

Abstract: An optical attenuator has a sampling prism, a biconcave lens and an absorption member. A branch member splits a laser beam. An expansion member expands the shape of the split laser beam. The absorption member absorbs the energy of the expanded laser beam. A light receiving part of the absorption member receives the expanded laser beam. A first distribution part of the absorption member adjacent to the light receiving part, introduces or leads out a medium (cooling water) from a first opening and distributes the medium, which absorbs heat generated in the light receiving part by the laser beam. A second distribution part of the absorption member leads out or introduces cooling water from a second opening, and distributes the cooling water, which moves through a communicating part that communicates with the first distribution part.

Abstract: A toner having a toner particle containing a binder resin, an amorphous polyester, and a colorant, wherein a softening point of the toner is at least 110° C. and not more than 140° C.; an integrated value f1 for stress of the toner is not more than 10 g·m/sec, as measured using a tack tester, with a temperature for a probe end being 150° C. and a press holding time being 0.01 seconds; and an integrated value f2 for stress of the toner is at least 30 g·m/sec, as measured using a tack tester, with a temperature for a probe end being 150° C. and a press holding time being 0.1 seconds.

Abstract: Provided is a toner comprising a toner particle including a binder resin, an amorphous polyester, and a colorant, wherein the binder resin includes a vinyl resin, the toner has a softening point of at least 110° C. and not more than 140° C., an amount of the amorphous polyester is at least 4.0 parts by mass and not more than 30.0 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin, and a temperature T at which an area increasing rate of one toner particle sample becomes 1.40, is not more than 110° C., and a slope of the area increasing rate with respect to a temperature in the range of the area increasing rate of 1.40 to 2.00 is not more than 0.07.

Abstract: A toner comprising a toner particle containing a binder resin, a colorant, an amorphous polyester, and a crystalline polyester, wherein the binder resin contains a vinyl resin; the amorphous polyester has a monomer unit derived from a linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 6 to 12 carbons, and a monomer unit derived from a dialcohol; the content of the monomer unit derived from a linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 6 to 12 carbons is 10 to 50 mol % with reference to the total monomer units derived from a carboxylic acid in the amorphous polyester; and in a cross section of the toner particle, the vinyl resin constitutes a matrix and the amorphous polyester constitutes domains, and the crystalline polyester is present in the interior of the domains.

Abstract: Provided is a toner, including: a toner particle containing a binder resin and a colorant; and an inorganic fine particle, in which the toner particle has an average circularity of 0.960 or more, and in which the toner satisfies the formula (1) and the formula (2). Fp(A)?25.0 nN??Formula (1) (Fp(B)?Fp(A))/Fp(A)?0.

Abstract: A toner comprising: a toner particle containing a binder resin and a colorant, and an inorganic fine particle A and B present on the surface of the toner particle, wherein the inorganic fine particle A is a silica fine particle having a number-average particle diameter (D1) of primary particles in a specific range, the inorganic fine particle B has a number-average particle diameter (D1) of primary particles in a specific range, and is at least one fine particle selected from a group consisting of a silica fine particle, a titanium oxide fine particle, and an alumina fine particle, A total fixing ratio of the inorganic fine particle A and B is 75% or more, and an inter-particle force Fp(A) and an inter-particle force Fp(B) are within specific numerical ranges and satisfy a specific relationship.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a control device and a control method for a variable valve timing mechanism that changes a valve timing by adjusting a rotational speed of a motor. The control device detects a phase angle RA1 based on an output of a crank angle sensor and an output of a cam angle sensor and calculates a change amount ?RA of a rotational phase based on a difference between a rotation amount of a sprocket and a rotation amount of the motor. The control device stops calculating change amount ?RA when a failure occurs in a motor rotation angle sensor. When a failure occurs in one of the crank angle sensor or the cam angle sensor, the control device stops calculating phase angle RA1 and calculates change amount ?RA using a normal one of the sensors and the motor rotation angle sensor.

Abstract: A method for detecting a potential (Vn) includes stator wirings in a Y connection, and automatically adjusting a relationship with a position of a rotor as a system for realizing rotor position-sensorless stable drive of an AC motor where the three-phase stator wirings are in Y connection in the stop and low-speed ranges. A synchronous motor control apparatus includes a three-phase synchronous motor in which three-phase stator wirings are in a Y connection, and an inverter for driving the motor, wherein the synchronous motor is DC-conducted thereby to move a rotor to a predetermined position, and is applied with a pulse-shaped voltage from the inverter in the moved state so that a neutral point potential as potential (Vn) of the Y connection point is acquired when the pulse voltage is applied, thereby driving the synchronous motor based on the acquired value.

Abstract: Provided is toner comprising toner particle containing binder resin and colorant and silica fine particle, wherein: the silica fine particle contains silica fine particle A and silica fine particle B; silica fine particle A has a number average particle diameter of primary particle of 5 nm or more and 20 nm or less; silica fine particle B has a number average particle diameter of primary particle of 80 nm or more and 200 nm or less; and silica fine particle B has a half width of a peak of primary particle of 25 nm or less, in a weight-based particle size distribution, and wherein when the toner is measured by adhesive force-measuring method by using polycarbonate thin film, an adhesion of the silica fine particle A is 0.5% by area or less relative to 100% by area of the total area of the polycarbonate thin film.

Abstract: A control device for an internal combustion engine including a variable compression ratio mechanism for changing a compression ratio by using an electric actuator prohibits control of changing the compression ratio to a higher compression ratio when a failure occurs in the variable compression ratio mechanism. Thereby, upon failure occurrence, the compression ratio of the variable compression ratio mechanism at the time of the failure occurrence is maintained or reduced to less than this compression ratio so as to protect the electric actuator and prevent abrupt changes in torque.

Abstract: A toner contains toner particles. The toner particles are made of a resin containing an amorphous polyester resin, a releasing agent, an additive and a coloring agent. The additive has a polyester portion and a crystalline acrylic portion that are chemically bound to each other.

Abstract: A process cartridge includes an electrophotographic photosensitive member, a charging device, and a developing device. The electrophotographic photosensitive member has a surface layer containing a polyarylate resin and a polycarbonate resin. The electrophotographic photosensitive member has an outer diameter of 23 mm or less and the developing device is configured to collect a residual toner left on the electrophotographic photosensitive member. A toner has a weight-average particle diameter (D4) of 7.1 ?m or more and 10.0 ?m or less, an average circularity of 0.95 or more, and an average aspect ratio of 0.90 or more.

Abstract: There is provided a method of well filling copper in a conductivity-rendered non-through hole having an aspect ratio (depth/hole diameter) of 5 or more on a substrate in a short period of time, and the method comprises using an acidic copper plating bath comprising a water-soluble copper salt, sulfuric acid, chlorine ion, a brightener and a copolymer of diallylamines and sulfur dioxide and filling copper in the non-through hole by periodic current reversal copper plating.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a control device and a control method for a variable valve timing mechanism that changes a valve timing by adjusting a rotational speed of a motor. The control device detects a phase angle RA1 based on an output of a crank angle sensor and an output of a cam angle sensor and calculates a change amount ?RA of a rotational phase based on a difference between a rotation amount of a sprocket and a rotation amount of the motor. The control device stops calculating change amount ?RA when a failure occurs in a motor rotation angle sensor. When a failure occurs in one of the crank angle sensor or the cam angle sensor, the control device stops calculating phase angle RA1 and calculates change amount ?RA using a normal one of the sensors and the motor rotation angle sensor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a dihydropyridazine-3,5-dione derivative or a salt thereof, or a solvate of the compound or the salt, a pharmaceutical drug, a pharmaceutical composition, a sodium-dependent phosphate transporter inhibitor, and a preventive and/or therapeutic agent for hyperphosphatemia, secondary hyperparathyroidism, chronic renal failure, chronic kidney disease, and arteriosclerosis associated with vascular calcification comprising the compound as an active ingredient, and a method for prevention and/or treatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound represented by the following formula (1): wherein W, X, Y, R1, R2, R33, R34, m and n are as defined in the claims, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.