Abstract: The present invention provides a driving method using a liquid crystal light modulating device including transparent electrodes which each have a horizontally alignment film; and a liquid crystal composition which contains at least a chiral dopant, a dichroic dye and a host liquid crystal. The transparent electrodes face each other to have a cell gap having a width of 10 ?m or less therebetween. The liquid crystal composition is filled into the cell gap, and has a positive dielectric constant anisotropy The driving method attains display-switching by (a) applying a higher voltage than a threshold voltage of the liquid crystal composition into the device so as to be transparent and colorless, (b) applying a lower voltage than a threshold voltage so as to be light-scattered white, or (c) applying no voltage so as to be colored.

Abstract: A novel display device is disclosed. The display device comprises a plural of liquid crystal layers disposed between a pair of electrodes respectively, wherein each of the liquid crystal layers shows an absorption peak at a different wavelength and comprises at least one dichroic dye and at least one dual-frequency switchable liquid crystal as a host liquid crystal.

Abstract: A rotation particle display apparatus is disclosed that includes plural rotation particles for rotating in accordance with an applied electric field for displaying an image, each rotation particle having a first region and a second region. The first and second regions have different colors and different charge characteristics. When the rotation particles are viewed two-dimensionally from a direction where the borderline between the first and second regions is situated substantially at the center of the rotation particle and where the first region has an area which is substantially the same as that of the second region, the proportion of the rotation particles that satisfy a relation of 1.0?L/R?1.2 is 80% or more, where “L” represents the length of the borderline between the first and second regions, and “R” represents the diameter of a circle corresponding to a contour of the rotation particle.

Abstract: At least two regions having different colors and electrical characteristics are defined in a rotatable particle. The rotatable particle receives a rotation moment from an external electric field reaction. A base holds rotatably each rotatable particle. An electric field generating unit generates only during a certain electric field generating period an electric field in a spatial area where the rotatable particle is disposed. The intensity of the electric field is monotonously lowered during at least one third of the certain electric field generating period on a backward side of the period. It is possible to reduce a variation in a rotation operation and display a high quality image.

Abstract: Provisions of a large screen, thin sheet-like display device capable of realizing usages just like paper, a sphere-like resin body made of two semispheres capable of being manufactured easily, and a microcapsule containing electrophoretic particles capable of being manufactured easily. The sheet-like display device 10 has a sheet-like display layer 12 and at least one layer 14 containing an element for activating the sheet-like display layer, the layers being integrally formed. The sphere-like resin body has first and second portions made of resins, the absolute value of a difference between both the solubility parameters &dgr;1 and &dgr;2 of the resins being |&dgr;1−&dgr;2|≧0.2. The phoretic particle-containing microcapsule has a resin shell in which phoretic particles are contained in a core. The diameter of the core is in a range from 10 &mgr;m to 200 &mgr;m and the circumferential length L of the microcapsule is in a range of (4.1×T)≦L≦(20.

Abstract: A colored rotation spherical material is configured so as to have two parts different from each other in color, such as a white part and a black part, and an optical reflective region between the two parts, such as a reflective layer. With this constitution, since the reflective layer reflects light which is usually absorbed on the black part, and the white part scatters the reflected light again, whiteness degree and reflectance increase.

Abstract: The method for fabricating a multi-colored ball comprises the steps of: applying to a resin sheet 14 having a first color and a first charge characteristic a solution 16 containing at least a resin and/or a monomer which is a precursor of a resin, and a coloring agent having a second color and a second charge characteristic; polymerizing or drying the solution to thereby form a resin sheet 18 having the second color and the second charge characteristic on the resin sheet 14; cutting or milling a laminate of the resin sheet 14 and the resin sheet 18; and sphering the cut or milled laminate by heating to form multi-colored ball having a first region having the first color and the first charge characteristic and a second region having the second color and the second charge characteristic. Whereby the resin sheet 18 is formed on the resin sheet 14 without rolling, so that the resin sheet 18 can be easily formed in a uniform thickness.

Abstract: At least two regions having different colors and electrical characteristics are defined in a rotatable particle. The rotatable particle receives a rotation moment from an external electric field reaction. A base holds rotatably each rotatable particle. An electric field generating unit generates only during a certain electric field generating period an electric field in a spatial area where the rotatable particle is disposed. The intensity of the electric field is monotonously lowered during at least one third of the certain electric field generating period on a backward side of the period. It is possible to reduce a variation in a rotation operation and display a high quality image.

Abstract: Provisions of a large screen, thin sheet-like display device capable of realizing usages just like paper, a sphere-like resin body made of two semispheres capable of being manufactured easily, and a microcapsule containing electrophoretic particles capable of being manufactured easily.