Abstract: This invention relates to a semiconductor having protruding contacts comprising, a first semiconductor substrate having at least one interconnect located substantially within the first substrate, and a second semiconductor substrate having at least one protruding contact point that substantially contacts at least one interconnect.

Abstract: A fuel cell has a substrate with a film deposited thereon. The film has nanowires dispersed therein. Catalytic activity and conductivity is substantially enhanced throughout the film.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a nanowire filament includes forming and fusing actions. In a forming action, close proximity conductors are formed. In another forming action, a junction oxide is formed between the close proximity conductors. In a fusing action, a nanowire filament is fused between the close proximity conductors, through the junction oxide. A circuit is also provided, having first and second close proximity conductors, and a nanowire filament fused between the close proximity conductors.

Abstract: This invention relates to a semiconductor having protruding contacts comprising, a first semiconductor substrate having at least one interconnect located substantially within the first substrate, and a second semiconductor substrate having at least one protruding contact point that substantially contacts at least one interconnect.

Abstract: Determining a displacement of a substantially rigid item relative to a frame of reference between a first time and a second time is described. At the first time, a first set of pointwise measurements of a physical property of the item taken at a plurality of fixed locations relative to the frame of reference is acquired. At the second time, a second set of pointwise measurements of the physical property taken at the plurality of fixed locations is acquired. A first matrix derived from the first set of pointwise measurements is compared to a second matrix derived from the second set of pointwise measurements to determine the displacement.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for making a multi-layered storage structure includes forming a device layer on a single-crystal wafer, cleaving the device layer from the wafer, repeating the forming and cleaving to provide a plurality of cleaved device layers, and bonding the cleaved device layers together to form the multi-layered storage structure.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a nanowire filament includes forming and fusing actions. In a forming action, close proximity conductors are formed. In another forming action, a junction oxide is formed between the close proximity conductors. In a fusing action, a nanowire filament is fused between the close proximity conductors, through the junction oxide. A circuit is also provided, having first and second close proximity conductors, and a nanowire filament fused between the close proximity conductors.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the invention are directed towards fuel cell components (e.g., anodes, cathodes, or electrolytes) which are made by the application of a colloidal solution to a substrate, drying of the solution allowing particles to remain on the substrate, and sintering of the particles.

Abstract: Tunnel-junction structures are fabricated by any of a set of related methods that form two or more tunnel junctions simultaneously. The fabrication methods disclosed are compatible with conventional CMOS fabrication practices, including both single damascene and dual damascene processes. The simultaneously formed tunnel junctions may have different areas. In some embodiments, tub-well structures are formed with sloped sidewalls. In some embodiments, an oxide-metal-oxide film stack on the sidewall of a tub-well is etched to form the tunnel junctions. Memory circuits, other integrated circuit structures, substrates carrying microelectronics, and other electronic devices made by the methods are disclosed.

Abstract: A stroke internal combustion engine includes a piston slideably disposed within a cylinder. The cylinder and said piston together define a combustion chamber. The piston is configured to have a two-stroke cycle comprising a downstroke when said piston slides from an upper position to a lower position within said cylinder and an upstroke when said piston slides from said lower position to said upper position within said cylinder. Further, the engine includes a supply of lubricating fluid that is isolated from any fuel.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a nanowire filament includes forming and fusing actions. In a forming action, close proximity conductors are formed. In another forming action, a junction oxide is formed between the close proximity conductors. In a fusing action, a nanowire filament is fused between the close proximity conductors, through the junction oxide. A circuit is also provided, having first and second close proximity conductors, and a nanowire filament fused between the close proximity conductors.

Abstract: Tunnel-junction structures are fabricated by any of a set of related methods that form two or more tunnel junctions simultaneously. The fabrication methods disclosed are compatible with conventional CMOS fabrication practices, including both single damascene and dual damascene processes. The simultaneously formed tunnel junctions may have different areas. In some embodiments, tub-well structures are formed with sloped sidewalls. In some embodiments, an oxide-metal-oxide film stack on the sidewall of a tub-well is etched to form the tunnel junctions. Memory circuits, other integrated circuit structures, substrates carrying microelectronics, and other electronic devices made by the methods are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved inkjet printhead assembly adapted to reduce and/or withstand the collapse of ink back into the firing chambers. In one embodiment, the printhead assembly includes one or more firing chambers disposed on a porous substrate. An ink supply is connected to the substrate so that ink is allowed to flow through the pores of the substrate from the ink supply to the firing chamber. Thus, a substantial amount of the energy created by the impact of ink collapsing back into the firing chamber is expended within the pores of the substrate. In another embodiment, one or more firing resistors are formed in each firing chamber, and disposed adjacent the periphery of the firing chamber out of the direct impact path of collapsing ink.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved inkjet printhead assembly adapted to reduce and/or withstand the collapse of ink back into the firing chambers. In one embodiment, the printhead assembly includes one or more firing chambers disposed on a porous substrate. An ink supply is connected to the substrate so that ink is allowed to flow through the pores of the substrate from the ink supply to the firing chamber. Thus, a substantial amount of the energy created by the impact of ink collapsing back into the firing chamber is expended within the pores of the substrate. In another embodiment, one or more firing resistors are formed in each firing chamber, and disposed adjacent the periphery of the firing chamber out of the direct impact path of collapsing ink.

Abstract: The invention contemplates a flexible film, and a printhead (TAB head assembly) comprising the same; the flexible film having a converted surface with improved resistance. The converted surface comprises a carbon rich layer, preferably, Diamond Like Carbon (DLC) created through simultaneous surface treatment by multiplexed lasers.

Abstract: A novel polymeric orifice plate for a printhead. The plate includes a recess in the top surface thereof which terminates at a position between the top and bottom plate surfaces. The recess communicates with a bore which passes through the remainder of the plate and terminates at the bottom surface. The recess has an upper end with a first opening therein, a lower end with a second opening therein, a side wall, and a bottom wall at the lower end The first opening is larger than the second opening. Application of physical force to the plate does not disturb the second opening in the recess which is “inset”. The recessed bottom wall (and possibly the top surface) of the plate may include at least one layer of coating material thereon for protective, wettability-control, and other purposes. These designs insure proper ink drop trajectory and high-quality image generation.

Abstract: A high-durability printhead for an ink cartridge printing system. The printhead includes a substrate having ink ejectors (e.g. resistors) thereon and an orifice plate positioned above the substrate. The orifice plate (which preferably involves a non-metallic polymer film) has a top surface, bottom surface and a plurality of openings therethrough. To improve the durability of the orifice plate, a protective coating is applied to the top surface and/or the bottom surface of the plate. Representative coatings involve dielectric compositions (including diamond-like carbon) or at least one layer of metal. This approach improves the abrasion and deformation resistance of the plate and avoids "ruffling" and "dimpling" problems.

Abstract: A novel polymeric orifice plate for a printhead. The plate includes a recess in the top surface thereof which terminates at a position between the top and bottom plate surfaces. The recess communicates with a bore which passes through the remainder of the plate and terminates at the bottom surface thereof. The recess has an upper end with a first opening therein, a lower end with a second opening therein, and a side wall which is preferably oriented at a right angle relative to the top surface of the plate. The recess may also have a bottom wall at the lower end. The first opening is larger than the second opening. The application of physical force to the plate does not disturb the second opening in the recess which is "inset" and protected. This design insures proper ink drop trajectory and the generation of high-quality printed images.

Abstract: A high-durability printhead for an ink cartridge printing system includes a substrate having ink ejectors (e.g. resistors) thereon and an orifice plate positioned above the substrate. The orifice plate (which preferably involves a non-metallic polymer film) has a top surface, bottom surface and a plurality of openings therethrough. To improve the durability of the orifice plate, a protective coating is applied to the top surface and/or the bottom surface of the plate. Representative coatings involve dielectric compositions (including diamond-like carbon) or at least one layer of metal. This approach improves the abrasion and deformation resistance of the plate and avoids "dimpling" problems. Likewise, an intermediate barrier layer of diamond-like carbon is used between the orifice plate and the substrate. As result, an additional level of structural integrity is imparted to the orifice plate and printhead.

Abstract: A thermal inkjet printhead includes unpassivated heater resistors whose resistive material is doped, preferably with oxygen, nitrogen or an equivalent dopant, for increasing the resistance of the material. By increasing the resistance of the resistive material through doping, the drive currents for generating heat within the resistors need not be changed from levels which inkjet printers are presently designed to work with. The printhead of the invention can thus be used in place of a standard printhead without modification to the printer.