Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing methanol, in which a synthesis gas comprising carbon oxides and hydrogen is provided, which is passed at elevated pressure and elevated temperature through a catalyst bed of a methanol synthesis catalyst for conversion of the synthesis gas to methanol to obtain a product stream comprising crude methanol and unreacted synthesis gas. Unreacted synthesis gas is recycled to the catalyst bed inlet and combined with the synthesis gas, resulting in a mixed synthesis gas. The mixed synthesis gas at the catalyst bed inlet has a stoichiometry number SN of ?0.80, the catalyst bed in the conversion of the mixed synthesis gas to methanol has a maximum catalyst bed temperature of ?280° C., and the mixed synthesis gas at the catalyst bed inlet has a carbon monoxide concentration of ?20% by volume.

Abstract: A method for performing an electrolysis using an electrolysis stack having multiple electrolysis cells, wherein each of the electrolysis cells has: an anode space with an anode, a cathode space with a cathode, a membrane that separates the anode space and the cathode space from each other, and a recombination catalyst. The method includes feeding an electrolysis medium to the electrolysis stack and determining a flow rate at which the electrolysis medium is fed to the electrolysis stack, providing electrical energy to the electrolysis stack for performing the electrolysis with the electrolysis medium fed to the electrolysis stack, and determining a degree of degradation of the membranes based on the determined flow rate of the electrolysis medium.

Abstract: A method for producing green olefins and green gasoline from renewable sources, the method including: providing CO2 and hydrogen as feed to produce methanol in a methanol reactor, to produce an MTO reaction effluent, reacting the MTO reaction effluent in a plurality of separation columns to separate hydrocarbons, wherein the plurality of separation columns includes a Deethanizer column, a Depropanizer column, and a Debutanizer column, hydrogenating a fraction of separated hydrocarbons in the Debutanizer column with the hydrogen in a hydrogenation reactor, wherein the fraction of separated hydrocarbons from the Debutanizer column includes C5+ hydrocarbons; producing the green gasoline and Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) by stabilizing the hydrogenated hydrocarbons in a gasoline stabilizer column; and producing the olefins by separating ethylene from C2 hydrocarbons using a C2 splitter column and by separating propylene from C3 hydrocarbons using a C3 splitter column.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing methanol from a raw material using a set of process parameters, wherein a mathematical model is provided that is configured for calculating, based on the process parameters and on at least one material property of the raw material, an expected amount of at least one by-product of the synthesizing of the methanol, wherein the following steps are performed at least once in the stated order, applying the mathematical model to current values for the process parameters, and changing a respective set point for at least one of the process parameters such that based on the mathematical model a lower amount of the by-products is expected under condition that at least a predetermined amount of the methanol can be synthesized,

Abstract: A method for obtaining a product by electrolysis, including: a) determining a set point for a production output by minimizing a first mathematical function, which depends on the production output and on a predicted product demand; b) determining respective set points for multiple process parameters by minimizing a second mathematical function, which depends on the set point for the production output determined in a), on the process parameters and on predicted degradation effects; c) determining respective set points for changes of multiple control parameters by minimizing a third mathematical function, which depends on the set points for the process parameters determined in b) and on the changes of the control parameters; and d) obtaining the product by performing the electrolysis using the set points for the changes of the control parameters determined in c).

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrolysis arrangement for the production of hydrogen and oxygen by alkaline electrolysis. The electrolysis arrangement includes a system configuration which enables to balance the lye concentrations between the anode and cathode section of the arrangement depending on the current density of the direct current supplied to the electrolysis stack of the electrolysis medium. At high current densities, hydrogen to oxygen crossover and oxygen to hydrogen crossover is low, which allows full mixing of electrolysis media to balance the concentration between anolyte and catholyte. At low current densities, hydrogen to oxygen crossover and oxygen to hydrogen crossover is high. Therefore, the electrolysis arrangement is configured so that the mixing of the electrolysis media is decreased in case a current density of a direct current supplied to the electrolysis stack is decreased.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrolysis arrangement for the electrochemical production of hydrogen and oxygen from an alkaline electrolyte having anode and cathode separators for the separation of oxygen and hydrogen from the electrolyte, and an anode and cathode pipe system to circulate electrolyte between anode and cathode sections of an electrolysis stack of the electrolysis arrangement. Control valves and interconnections are configured so that dependent on an electrolyte flow rate passing first, second and third control valve, oxygen and hydrogen depleted electrolyte withdrawn from the separators can be supplied unmixed, partly mixed or fully mixed to the anode and cathode sections of the electrolysis stack to control hydrogen to oxygen and oxygen to hydrogen crossover in the electrolysis arrangement.