Abstract: This invention relates to a deformable-mirror holder for holding a mirror in a desired position, to within accepted tolerances, even whilst the mirror is deforming or in a deformed state. In particular, this invention relates to a holder for a bimorph mirror. A deformable-mirror holder is provided comprising a body with a central aperture for receiving a deformable mirror, the central aperture being defined by a plurality of flexible beams, with each flexible beam having an end shaped to provide a supporting surface and a flexible portion that connects the beam's end to the holder's body.

Abstract: This invention relates to a hybrid deformable mirror. A deformable mirror is provided comprising a reflective surface provided on a substrate and a layer of deformable material attached to the substrate that is operable to deform the mirror and wherein the substrate is supported by an actuator that is operable to deform the mirror.

Abstract: This invention relates to a cooled deformable-mirror and its mount. A deformable mirror is provided comprising a reflective element provided on a substrate that is secured to a deformable element, wherein the substrate comprises at least one channel having a pair of ports both located around the peripheral edge of the substrate. In addition, a deformable-mirror mount and the deformable mirror described above are provided, wherein the mount has a body with a central aperture defined by a supporting surface sized and shaped to support the mirror when installed, and wherein the mount is provided with at least a pair of channels that terminate to face the ports in the mirror when the mirror is installed, the channels of the mirror and the mount being connected via flexible seals.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel primary diol tropane esters and related compounds, including methods for making and using those compounds.

Abstract: An exhaust gas particle sensor has an inlet tube and a sensing region having different cross sections and linked by a transition region including a number of baffles arranged so that the time taken for gas to travel from the inlet tube to the sensing region is substantially independent of the position of the gas across the inlet tube. The sensor operates by measuring the opacity of the exhaust gas using a light beam which passes in and out of the sensing region through windows, the exhaust gas being prevented from impinging on each window by a double air curtain.