Abstract: The present disclosure describes various processes of forming an electrochromic stack using at most one metallic lithium deposition station. In some aspects, a process may include depositing metallic lithium only within an electrochromic counter-electrode of an electrochromic stack. In some aspects, a process may include using a lithium-containing ceramic counter-electrode target to form an electrochromic counter-electrode and depositing metallic lithium only within or above an electrochromic electrode of the electrochromic stack. In some embodiments, a process may include using a lithium-containing ceramic electrode target, and optionally additionally depositing metallic lithium to add mobile lithium to the electrochromic stack. In some embodiments, a process may include using a single metallic lithium deposition station to deposit metallic lithium between an ion-conducting layer and an electrochromic electrode of the electrochromic stack.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes various processes of forming an electrochromic stack using at most one metallic lithium deposition station. In some aspects, a process may include depositing metallic lithium only within an electrochromic counter-electrode of an electrochromic stack. In some aspects, a process may include using a lithium-containing ceramic counter-electrode target to form an electrochromic counter-electrode and depositing metallic lithium only within or above an electrochromic electrode of the electrochromic stack. In some embodiments, a process may include using a lithium-containing ceramic electrode target, and optionally additionally depositing metallic lithium to add mobile lithium to the electrochromic stack. In some embodiments, a process may include using a single metallic lithium deposition station to deposit metallic lithium between an ion-conducting layer and an electrochromic electrode of the electrochromic stack.

Abstract: The color of an electrochromic stack in a tinted state may be modified to achieve a desired color target by utilizing various techniques alone or in combination. A first approach generally involves changing a coloration efficiency of a WOx electrochromic (EC) layer by lowering a sputter temperature to achieve a WOx microstructural change in the EC layer. A second approach generally involves utilizing a dopant (e.g., Mo, Nb, or V) to improve the neutrality of the tinted state of WOx (coloration efficiency changes). A third approach generally involves tailoring a thickness of the WOx layer to tune the color of the tinted stack.

Abstract: An article can include a non-light-emitting, variable transmission device and a coating disposed between the non-light-emitting, variable transmission device and an ambient outside the article. In an embodiment, the article has a ?E of at most 6.5. In another embodiment, the coating includes a plurality of layers including a first layer having a refractive index of at least 2.2 and a thickness of at least 10 nm. The coating can be used to help reduce color differences seen when the non-light-transmitting, variable transmission device is taken to different transmission states. In a particular embodiment, the coating can provide a good balance between color difference and luminous transmission.

Abstract: An article can include a non-light-emitting, variable transmission device and a coating disposed between the non-light-emitting, variable transmission device and an ambient outside the article. In an embodiment, the article has a ?E of at most 6.5. In another embodiment, the coating includes a plurality of layers including a first layer having a refractive index of at least 2.2 and a thickness of at least 10 nm. The coating can be used to help reduce color differences seen when the non-light-transmitting, variable transmission device is taken to different transmission states. In a particular embodiment, the coating can provide a good balance between color difference and luminous transmission.

Abstract: A triple glazing unit is disclosed. The triple glazing unit can include a first pane, a second pane, a third pane between the first pane and the second pane, an electrochemical device coupled to the third pane and between the third pane and the second pane, a first cavity between the first pane and the third pane, and a second cavity between the second pane and the third pane, wherein a distance between the first pane and the third pane is greater than a distance between the second pane and the third pane.

Abstract: An electrochromic device and method of forming the same is disclosed. The electrochromic device can include a first transparent conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, a counter electrode layer, a second transparent conductive layer, and an adhesion layer between the counter electrode layer and the second transparent conductive layer, where the electrochromic device can undergo at least 2,000 cycles in a Nylon brush test before type 2 defects form. The method can include depositing an electrochromic layer over a first transparent conductive layer, depositing an electrolyte layer, depositing a lithium layer, depositing a counter electrode layer over the lithium layer, depositing a second transparent conductive layer, and heating the layers to form an electrochromic stack, where the lithium layer is combined with the counter electrode layer.

Abstract: The color of an electrochromic stack in a tinted state may be modified to achieve a desired color target by utilizing various techniques alone or in combination. A first approach generally involves changing a coloration efficiency of a WOx electrochromic (EC) layer by lowering a sputter temperature to achieve a WOx microstructural change in the EC layer. A second approach generally involves utilizing a dopant (e.g., Mo, Nb, or V) to improve the neutrality of the tinted state of WOx (coloration efficiency changes). A third approach generally involves tailoring a thickness of the WOx layer to tune the color of the tinted stack.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes various processes of forming an electrochromic stack using at most one metallic lithium deposition station. In some aspects, a process may include depositing metallic lithium only within an electrochromic counter-electrode of an electrochromic stack. In some aspects, a process may include using a lithium-containing ceramic counter-electrode target to form an electrochromic counter-electrode and depositing metallic lithium only within or above an electrochromic electrode of the electrochromic stack. In some embodiments, a process may include using a lithium-containing ceramic electrode target, and optionally additionally depositing metallic lithium to add mobile lithium to the electrochromic stack. In some embodiments, a process may include using a single metallic lithium deposition station to deposit metallic lithium between an ion-conducting layer and an electrochromic electrode of the electrochromic stack.

Abstract: An article can include a non-light-emitting, variable transmission device and a coating disposed between the non-light-emitting, variable transmission device and an ambient outside the article. In an embodiment, the article has a ?E of at most 6.5. In another embodiment, the coating includes a plurality of layers including a first layer having a refractive index of at least 2.2 and a thickness of at least 10 nm. The coating can be used to help reduce color differences seen when the non-light-transmitting, variable transmission device is taken to different transmission states. In a particular embodiment, the coating can provide a good balance between color difference and luminous transmission.