Abstract: The invention relates to a process for finally removing sulphur-containing, nitrogen-containing and halogen-containing impurities contained in a synthesis gas, said process including: a) a joint step for hydrolysing COS and HCN contained in the gas and for collecting the halogen-containing compounds, using a TiO2-based catalyst, b) a washing step using a solvent, c) a step for desulphurization on a collecting or adsorbing mass. The synthesis gas purified in accordance with the process of the invention contains less than 10 ppb by weight, less than 10 ppb by weight of nitrogen-containing impurities and less than 10 ppb by weight of halogen-containing impurities.

Abstract: Process for the production of high-purity hydrogen from an ethanol or higher-alcohol feedstock, employing a steam reforming unit, a carbon monoxide conversion unit and a membrane separation unit and comprising intense thermal integration that is obtained by combustion under the control of an effluent of the process so as to provide the calories that are necessary to the steam reforming reaction.

Abstract: The process of the invention describes a set of steps for preparing a solid lignocellulosic biomass type feed, alone or mixed with a liquid hydrocarbon phase with a view to supplying a unit for gasification of said feed. The various steps include drying, torrefaction, milling and constituting a suspension of particles of biomass in a hydrocarbon cut.

Abstract: The process that is the object of the invention describes a process whose purpose is to produce a purified synthesis gas from lignocellulosic biomass that includes a pyrolysis stage, a purification stage placed upstream from the partial oxidation stage, and a cooling stage.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for co-generating electricity and hydrogen that comprises a stage a for steam reforming in the presence of water and oxygen of a hydrocarbon feedstock in which the O2/C molar ratio is to be between 0.003 and 0.2, and the H2O/C molar ratio is to be between 2 and 5, followed by a stage b for the production of electricity in a fuel cell that uses the hydrogen-rich gas that is obtained from stage a as a power source.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for finally removing sulphur-containing, nitrogen-containing and halogen-containing impurities contained in a synthesis gas, said process including: a) a joint step for hydrolysing COS and HCN contained in the gas and for collecting the halogen-containing compounds, using a TiO2-based catalyst, b) a washing step using a solvent, c) a step for desulphurisation on a collecting or adsorbing mass. The synthesis gas purified in accordance with the process of the invention contains less than 10 ppb by weight, less than 10 ppb by weight of nitrogen-containing impurities and less than 10 ppb by weight of halogen-containing impurities.

Abstract: This invention describes a new hydrogen purification process that employs a combination of at least three membrane separation units. This process allows non-stationary operations and is particularly suitable for the production of hydrogen for the purpose of its use in a fuel cell.

Abstract: Process for the production of liquid hydrocarbons from a feedstock that comprises at least one elementary feedstock from the group of biomass, coal, lignite, petroleum residues, methane, and natural gas, comprising: at least one stage a) for gasification of the feedstock by partial oxidation and/or steam reforming to produce a synthesis gas SG; a stage b) for separating CO2 from SG and a portion of the effluent of the subsequent stage c); the mixing of a portion of the CO2 that is separated with a gas of an H2/CO ratio of more than 3; a stage c) for partial conversion with hydrogen, thermal or thermocatalytic, of the CO2 that is present in said first mixture according to the reaction: CO2+H2?CO+H2O in a specific reaction zone that is separated from said gasification zone or zones; a stage d) for Fisher-Tropsch synthesis on a synthesis gas that comprises at least a portion of SG and at least a portion of the CO that is produced by the conversion of CO2 into hydrogen.

Abstract: The process that is the object of the invention describes a process whose purpose is to produce a purified synthesis gas from lignocellulosic biomass that includes a pyrolysis stage, a purification stage placed upstream from the partial oxidation stage, and a cooling stage.

Abstract: This invention describes a new hydrogen purification process that employs a combination of at least three membrane separation units. This process allows non-stationary operations and is particularly suitable for the production of hydrogen for the purpose of its use in a fuel cell.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for co-generating electricity and hydrogen that comprises a stage a for steam reforming in the presence of water and oxygen of a hydrocarbon feedstock in which the O2/C molar ratio is to be between 0.003 and 0.2, and the H2O/C molar ratio is to be between 2 and 5, followed by a stage b for the production of electricity in a fuel cell that uses the hydrogen-rich gas that is obtained from stage a as a power source.

Abstract: Process for the production of liquid hydrocarbons from a feedstock that comprises at least one elementary feedstock from the group of biomass, coal, lignite, petroleum residues, methane, and natural gas, comprising: at least one stage a) for gasification of the feedstock by partial oxidation and/or steam reforming to produce a synthesis gas SG; a stage b) for separating CO2 from SG and a portion of the effluent of the subsequent stage c); the mixing of a portion of the CO2 that is separated with a gas of an H2/CO ratio of more than 3; a stage c) for partial conversion with hydrogen, thermal or thermocatalytic, of the CO2 that is present in said first mixture according to the reaction: CO2+H2?CO+H2O in a specific reaction zone that is separated from said gasification zone or zones; a stage d) for Fisher-Tropsch synthesis on a synthesis gas that comprises at least a portion of SG and at least a portion of the CO that is produced by the conversion of CO2 into hydrogen.

Abstract: Described are a reactor for carrying out a chemical conversion process in a catalytic bed with mechanism for supplying heat integrated into the reactor, and with a very compact reaction zone, combined with efficient use of the catalyst, and a process for converting a feed, such as a hydrocarbon feed, undergoing an endothermic reaction using the disclosed reactor.

Abstract: The process of the invention describes a set of steps for preparing a solid lignocellulosic biomass type feed, alone or mixed with a liquid hydrocarbon phase with a view to supplying a unit for gasification of said feed. The various steps include drying, torrefaction, milling and constituting a suspension of particles of biomass in a hydrocarbon cut.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of a synthesis gas SG 1. Process for the production of a synthesis gas SG that has an H2/CO ratio of between 1.9 and 2.3 starting from a carbon-containing material that is relatively low in hydrogen, water and electrical energy, in which: Electrolysis of the water is carried out to produce, on the one hand, oxygen, and, on the other hand, hydrogen, A CF current that comprises at least the majority of the carbon contained in the carbon-containing material CF is subjected to a partial oxidation POX with essentially pure oxygen produced by electrolysis, At least a portion of the hydrogen that is produced by electrolysis is added to the CF current upstream and/or downstream from the partial oxidation POX, in such an amount that the H2/CO ratio of the final synthesis gas SG is between 1.9 and 2.3, the carbon-containing material being dried upstream from the POX so that the O2/H2 molar ratio of the POX-supplied oxygen to the added hydrogen is between 0.45 and 0.

Abstract: A steam generator includes at least two successive combustion hearths with at least one burner supplied with fuel and oxidizer, a vaporization zone comprising a vaporization exchanger, a superheating zone comprising a superheating exchanger, a preheating zone comprising a preheating exchanger and a collecting drum, Each hearth includes at least one vaporization exchanger.

Abstract: A chemical conversion reactor contains a substantially vertical catalytic bed between an upper end and a lower end and comprises, in combination: close to its upper end, at least one means for introducing a solid catalyst, means for introducing and evacuating said feed allowing its flow in a substantially horizontal direction through the catalytic bed, means for heating said feed integrated into said reactor, said reactor comprising, close to its lower end, at least one means for extraction of the catalyst, which extraction is differentiated between an upstream portion and a downstream portion of said catalytic bed, with respect to the direction of flow of said feed.

Abstract: A reactor with integrated heat for carrying out a chemical conversion process in the presence of a gaseous diluent supplied through one or more ports at the upper and/or lower ends of a catalytic bed through which a feed moves substantially horizontally, and a process for converting a feed, such as a hydrocarbon feed in the reactor.

Abstract: Process for the production of high-purity hydrogen from an ethanol or higher-alcohol feedstock, employing a vapor reforming unit, a carbon monoxide conversion unit and a membrane separation unit and comprising intense thermal integration that is obtained by combustion under the control of an effluent of the process so as to provide the calories that are necessary to the vapor reforming reaction.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for converting hydrocarbons using at least one globally endothermic chemical reaction, in which a hydrocarbon feed successively traverses at least two reaction zones each containing at least one solid catalyst and comprising between said reaction zones an intermediate step, in a non catalytic zone, for reheating the stream (ST) from the first of the two reaction zones prior to its introduction into said second reaction zone, and in which said reheating is carried out in a heat exchanger, with heat transfer essentially by convection using a thermal fluid TF with a coking sensitivity index CS that is less than that of the stream ST, the difference in temperature ?T between the temperature of the fluid TF at the inlet to the exchanger and the temperature of the stream ST at the heat exchanger outlet being less than 250° C. The invention also concerns the use of said process for converting hydrocarbons and a unit for carrying out the process.