Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to behavior planning for autonomous vehicles. The technology described herein selects a preferred trajectory for an autonomous vehicle based on an evaluation of multiple hypothetical trajectories by different components within a planning system. The various components provide an optimization score for each trajectory according to the priorities of the component and scores from multiple components may form a final optimization score. This scoring system allows the competing priorities (e.g., comfort, minimal travel time, fuel economy) of different components to be considered together. In examples, the trajectory with the best combined score may be selected for implementation. As such, an iterative approach that evaluates various factors may be used to identify an optimal or preferred trajectory for an autonomous vehicle when navigating an environment.

Abstract: A method for managing audio during a conference includes steering, at a spatial steering processor of a mobile device, first decoded audio to be projected from a speaker at a first angle. The method also includes steering, at the spatial steering processor, second decoded audio to be projected from the speaker at a second angle. The first decoded audio corresponds to a decoded version of a first audio stream from a first device associated with a first participant of the conference, and the second decoded audio corresponds to a decoded version of a second audio stream from a second device associated with a second participant of the conference. The first decoded audio is synchronized with the second decoded audio.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for increasing the reliability of transferring data via in-band signaling in a audio channel of a communication network. Techniques include causing an audio decoding process to modify the decoding of audio signals for the audio channel based on obtaining an indication of in-band signaling. The modified decoding may replace an adaptive de-jitter buffer by a static de-jitter buffer or increase the buffering time of an adaptive de jitter buffer. The decoded audio signals may be provided to an in-band message detector, an audio encoder or an audio playback device based on the indication of in-band signaling. The techniques may be employed by a user equipment, a media gateway control function or a media gateway to improve the reliability of in-band transfer of a minimum set of data (MSD) for a Next Generation eCall.

Abstract: A method of controlling frame transmissions includes determining, at a first device, a frame erasure rate for a communication session between the first device and at least a second device. The method also includes comparing the frame erasure rate to an erasure threshold. The method further includes discarding an active speech frame if the frame erasure rate satisfies the erasure threshold.

Abstract: A method for managing audio during a conference includes steering, at a spatial steering processor of a mobile device, first decoded audio to be projected from a speaker at a first angle. The method also includes steering, at the spatial steering processor, second decoded audio to be projected from the speaker at a second angle. The first decoded audio corresponds to a decoded version of a first audio stream from a first device associated with a first participant of the conference, and the second decoded audio corresponds to a decoded version of a second audio stream from a second device associated with a second participant of the conference. The first decoded audio is synchronized with the second decoded audio.

Abstract: A method for managing audio during a conference includes receiving, at a first buffer of a mobile device, a first audio stream from a first device associated with a first participant of the conference. The method also includes receiving, at a second buffer of the mobile device, a second audio stream from a second device associated with a second participant of the conference. The method further includes generating a control signal at a delay controller of the mobile device. The control signal is provided to the first buffer and to the second buffer to synchronize first buffered audio that is output from the first buffer with second buffered audio that is output from the second buffer.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for increasing the reliability of transferring data via in-band signaling in a audio channel of a communication network. Techniques include causing an audio decoding process to modify the decoding of audio signals for the audio channel based on obtaining an indication of in-band signaling. The modified decoding may replace an adaptive de-jitter buffer by a static de-jitter buffer or increase the buffering time of an adaptive de jitter buffer. The decoded audio signals may be provided to an in-band message detector, an audio encoder or an audio playback device based on the indication of in-band signaling. The techniques may be employed by a user equipment, a media gateway control function or a media gateway to improve the reliability of in-band transfer of a minimum set of data (MSD) for a Next Generation eCall.

Abstract: A method of controlling frame transmissions includes determining, at a first device, a frame erasure rate for a communication session between the first device and at least a second device. The method also includes comparing the frame erasure rate to an erasure threshold. The method further includes discarding an active speech frame if the frame erasure rate satisfies the erasure threshold.

Abstract: An example method of facilitating communication between a mobile device positioned within an internal network and a target peer includes intercepting, at a proxy executing on a mobile device, a communication to initiate a real-time communication connection with a target peer. The mobile device is coupled to a cellular network, and the internal network is separated from one or more external networks by network address translation (NAT). The example method also includes determining whether the target peer is reachable via the cellular network. The example method further includes when it is determined that the target peer is reachable via the cellular network, sending over the cellular network to the target peer a request to communicate in a first protocol.

Abstract: A method for managing audio during a conference includes receiving, at a first buffer of a mobile device, a first audio stream from a first device associated with a first participant of the conference. The method also includes receiving, at a second buffer of the mobile device, a second audio stream from a second device associated with a second participant of the conference. The method further includes generating a control signal at a delay controller of the mobile device. The control signal is provided to the first buffer and to the second buffer to synchronize first buffered audio that is output from the first buffer with second buffered audio that is output from the second buffer.

Abstract: An example method of facilitating communication between a mobile device positioned within an internal network and a target peer includes intercepting, at a proxy executing on a mobile device, a communication to initiate a real-time communication connection with a target peer. The mobile device is coupled to a cellular network, and the internal network is separated from one or more external networks by network address translation (NAT). The example method also includes determining whether the target peer is reachable via the cellular network. The example method further includes when it is determined that the target peer is reachable via the cellular network, sending over the cellular network to the target peer a request to communicate in a first protocol.

Abstract: A method and system for a handoff in a broadcast communication system is disclosed. A subscriber-assisted handoff is impractical in a broadcast communication system due to e.g., a high signaling load, a difficulty to synchronize the broadcast transmission. On the other hand, the small number of broadcast channels enables the subscriber station to perform the handoff autonomously. While performing a handoff between broadcast transmissions, a disruption of service occurs due to lack of synchronization among the broadcast transmissions. To reduce the service disruption, upon detecting a need for handoff, the lower layers inform the application layer about the forthcoming handoff. The application layer thus may take measures to reduce or prevent the disruption.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for resolving ambiguity in reception of multiple retransmitted frames includes ascertaining for each data frame received from a transmitter whether the frame is a retransmitted frame. If the frame is a retransmitted frame, the frame may be stored in a resequencing buffer. If an abort timer associated with the second round of retransmission has been set for the retransmitted frame, an associated negative-acknowledgment-list (NAK-list) entry is not removed from a NAK list until the abort timer has expired. If the abort timer has not been set for the retransmitted frame, the associated NAK-list entry is removed from the NAK list. The method and apparatus may reside in a transport function in which a transmitter sends data frames to a receiver in accordance with the Radio Link Protocol interface. The transport function may reside in, e.g., a data-capable cellular or satellite-based base station and subscriber unit.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing frame re-transmission in a broadcast communication system. Frame re-transmission is accomplished only when a predetermined number of negative acknowledgement messages are received with respect to one or more data frames. The predetermined number may vary in accordance with various operating parameters, such as the latency of the transmission and/or the number of wireless communication devices currently receiving a broadcast transmission.

Abstract: Method and a system for multicast service notification in cellular telephone system to enable the cellular telephone systems to provide both multicast and point-to-point services are disclosed. Several embodiments describe the signaling interaction between an access network and subscriber stations belonging to a multicast group to allow the access network to properly notify the subscriber stations of a the multicast service. Such a signaling further allows the subscriber stations to recognize the multicast service notification to participate in the multicast service.

Abstract: Techniques for retransmitting data via RLP in a CDMA (e.g., cdma2000) system with a first retransmission mechanism provided by the RLP and a second retransmission mechanism provided by an HARQ-CF. In one method, missing RLP frames are first detected (e.g., by a receiver RLP). A dynamic timer is then maintained (e.g., by a receiver HARQ-CF) for each RLP frame detected to be missing. The dynamic timers are event-driven and have variable time durations. Each dynamic timer is updated based on events known to the receiver HARQ-CF. Fixed timers with fixed time durations may also be maintained (e.g., by the receiver RLP) for the missing RLP frames. Whether or not a missing RLP frame is lost is determined based on the dynamic timer and the fixed timer (if any) maintained for the RLP frame. A NAK may be issued for retransmission of each RLP frame deemed to be lost.

Abstract: An improved method and system for determining round-trip time (RTT) during a radio link protocol (RLP) wireless communication link. The RTT estimate is negotiated by both sides of the RLP communication link without the need for the 3-way handshake generally required for RLP synchronization. The method includes techniques used by both sides of the RLP communication link to dynamically update and refine their initial, negotiated RTT estimates.

Abstract: Techniques for performing system selection based on a usage model that uses “access strings”, “profiles”, and “activation strings” are described. Access strings are defined for wireless data services and provide a highly intuitive user interface. Each access string is associated with one or more profiles. Each profile includes various parameters needed to establish a specific data call. Each profile is further associated with an activation string that contains connection information for the data call. System selection is performed in two parts. In the first part, a wireless user views access strings for available data services, selects the access string for the desired data service, and returns the selected access string. In the second part, the wireless device selects a profile for a system most suited to provide the desired data service, from among all profiles associated with the selected access string.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for supporting analog fax calls between two wireless subscriber stations in a tandem configuration are presented herein. To support the tandem configuration, full duplex communication may be established between the two base stations. Full duplex communication may be realized by incorporating an echo canceler in the base station, or by utilizing both BFSK channels of the V.21 fax system for communication. The tandem configuration may also be supported by advanced flag synchronization, wherein a second base station will immediately start sending preamble flags to a first base station after a message is transmitted from the first base station to the second base station. The first base station may then synchronize its receiver for immediate receipt of the return message from the second base station.

Abstract: The present invention is a novel and improved method and system that prevents RLP3E from generating unnecessary NAKs, thus preventing unnecessary data frame retransmissions. The present invention is efficient, neither delaying the delivery of data frames to the higher data services layer nor delaying the delivery of necessary NAKs to the multiplex sublayer. Additionally, the present invention can be implemented with minimal changes to an existing RLP3E implementation. The present invention is applicable to systems such as cdma2000, W-CDMA, and EDGE, wherein data is transferred using an ARQ (automatic request for retransmission) mechanism, and wherein data packets are sometimes received in an order different from that in which they were transmitted.