Abstract: An aqueous system for forming a coating on a substrate includes a polycarbodiimide having the structure: Each of R1 and R2 is independently chosen from Each n is independently a number from 1 to 20, each m is independently a number from 1 to 100, each Y is independently an alkoxy or polyalkoxy group having (w) oxygen atoms, wherein each w is independently at least 1 and each z is independently a number from 0 to (w?1). In addition, x, Y, and a total of said CnH2n+1 groups are present in a ratio of from (4 to 5):(0 to 1.5):(0 to 4.5. The aqueous system includes water and a reactive compound having at least two reactive groups independently chosen from —OH, —NHR3, —NH2, —COOH, and —SH, and combinations thereof, wherein R3 is an alkyl group or aromatic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a solvent-borne system for forming an n-acyl urea coating on a substrate. In one embodiment, the solvent-borne system comprises a polycarbodiimide-polyurethane hybrid. The solvent-borne system also comprises an acid functional polymer and an organic solvent, and comprises less than or equal to 10 weight percent of water based on a total weight of said solvent-borne system. The solvent-borne system also comprises less than about 100 parts by weight of toluene diisocyanate per one million parts by weight of the solvent-borne system.

Abstract: A composition for forming a polyiso-urea includes a capped polycarbodiimide and a polyol. The capped polycarbodiimide comprises the reaction product of a diisocyanate and a monoisocyanate in the presence of an oxygen scavenger and a carbodiimidization catalyst and in the absence of solvent, has 0.25 wt. % or less of free isocyanate groups, and is a liquid at 25° C. A polyiso-urea comprises the reaction product of the capped polycarbodiimide and the polyol.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a solvent-borne system for forming an n-acyl urea coating on a substrate. In one embodiment, the solvent-borne system comprises a polycarbodiimide-polyurethane hybrid. The solvent-borne system also comprises an acid functional polymer and an organic solvent, and comprises less than or equal to 10 weight percent of water based on a total weight of said solvent-borne system. The solvent-borne system also comprises less than about 100 parts by weight of toluene diisocyanate per one million parts by weight of the solvent-borne system.

Abstract: A hot melt adhesive (HMA), which is solid at room temperature, comprises the reaction product of 5 to 25% by weight of an isocyanate component having an NCO content of from about 20 to about 50% by weight, 75 to 85% by weight of a polyester, and 1 to 10% by weight of a hydroxy-polymer having an OH number of from about 40 to about 50. A method of forming the adhesive comprises the step of combining the isocyanate component, polyester, and hydroxy-polymer to form the adhesive. The adhesive can be used for various purposes, such as for forming an adhesive layer which adhesively couples surfaces together.

Abstract: A composition for forming a polyiso-urea includes a capped polycarbodiimide and a polyol. The capped polycarbodiimide comprises the reaction product of a diisocyanate and a monoisocyanate in the presence of an oxygen scavenger and a carbodiimidization catalyst and in the absence of solvent, has 0.25 wt. % or less of free isocyanate groups, and is a liquid at 25° C. A polyiso-urea comprises the reaction product of the capped polycarbodiimide and the polyol.

Abstract: A process of preparing a post-modified polycarbodiimide, the process includes combining a diisocyanate, a moisture scavenger, a monoisocyanate, and a catalyst in a reaction vessel; and heating the reaction vessel to a temperature and a time sufficient to form a capped polycarbodiimide wherein the capped polycarbodiimide has 0.25 wt % or less of free isocyanate groups; and the combining and heating are conducted in the absence of a solvent.

Abstract: A hot melt adhesive (HMA), which is solid at room temperature, comprises the reaction product of 5 to 25% by weight of an isocyanate component having an NCO content of from about 20 to about 50% by weight, 75 to 85% by weight of a polyester, and 1 to 10% by weight of a hydroxy-polymer having an OH number of from about 40 to about 50. A method of forming the adhesive comprises the step of combining the isocyanate component, polyester, and hydroxy-polymer to form the adhesive. The adhesive can be used for various purposes, such as for forming an adhesive layer which adhesively couples surfaces together.

Abstract: Modified isocyanate compositions having improved properties are provided. The compositions may be formed from the reaction of a isocyanate component, which is a compound terminated with at least one isocyanate group, and an organic acid derivative having the formula (RO)n(M)(E)(EH)3-n, wherein M is nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, or bismuth, n is 1 or 2, each E is independently oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium, each R is independently hydrogen, an alkyl group, a cyclic aryl group, an acyclic aryl group, a halogen-substituted alkyl group, a halogen-substituted cyclic aryl group or a halogen-substituted acyclic aryl group and wherein the ratio of the weight of the isocyanate component to the combined weight of the organic acid derivative and the isocyanate component is from 0.7 to 0.95. The compositions can be utilized in a variety of applications and are adapted to prolonged storage and transportation. Methods of preparing such compositions are also provided.

Abstract: A prepolymer system has a monomeric isocyanate content of no greater than about 10% by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the prepolymer system. The prepolymer system comprises a diluent component and a prepolymer component different than and separate from the diluent component. The diluent component has an excess of isocyanate (NCO) functional groups, and comprises the reaction product of a monohydric isocyanate-reactive component and an excess of a first isocyanate component. The first isocyanate component comprises monomeric isocyanates reactive with the monohydric isocyanate-reactive component. The prepolymer component also has an excess of NCO functional groups, and comprises the reaction product of a polyol component and an excess of a second isocyanate component. The prepolymer system can be used to prepare foams via reaction with water. The foams have low density and have excellent adhesion and sound dampening properties for use in cavities of automobile bodies.

Abstract: A method produces a uretonimine-modified isocyanate composition having increased low-temperature tolerance. The method comprises providing a first polyisocyanate composition having two or more isocyanate groups and comprising 4,4?-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and reacting the first polyisocyanate composition at a temperature of from about 90° C. to about 115° C. and in the presence of a catalyst such that the isocyanate groups form carbodiimides for forming uretonimine and uretonimine oligomers. The reaction of the first polyisocyanate composition is quenched with a quenching agent to produce an intermediate composition having an intermediate isocyanate value of from about 21.0 to about 26.0. The intermediate composition is blended with a second isocyanate composition to form a stable uretonimine-modified isocyanate composition.

Abstract: A prepolymer system has a monomeric isocyanate content of no greater than about 10% by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the prepolymer system. The prepolymer system comprises a diluent component and a prepolymer component different than and separate from the diluent component. The diluent component has an excess of isocyanate (NCO) functional groups, and comprises the reaction product of a monohydric isocyanate-reactive component and an excess of a first isocyanate component. The first isocyanate component comprises monomeric isocyanates reactive with the monohydric isocyanate-reactive component. The prepolymer component also has an excess of NCO functional groups, and comprises the reaction product of a polyol component and an excess of a second isocyanate component. The prepolymer system can be used to prepare foams via reaction with water. The foams have low density and have excellent adhesion and sound dampening properties for use in cavities of automobile bodies.

Abstract: A method produces a uretonimine-modified isocyanate composition having increased low-temperature tolerance. The method comprises providing a polyisocyanate composition comprising 4,4?-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and reacting the polyisocyanate composition at a temperature of from about 90° C. to about 115° C. in the presence of a catalyst, and optionally a co-catalyst, such that the isocyanate groups react to form uretonimine oligomers. The reaction of the polyisocyanate composition is quenched with a quenching agent to produce an intermediate composition having an intermediate isocyanate value from about 25.5 to about 28.5. A second polyisocyanate composition is added to the intermediate composition in an amount sufficient to produce the uretonimine-modified isocyanate composition having a final isocyanate value of from about 29.0 to about 29.5.

Abstract: A method produces a uretonimine-modified isocyanate composition having increased low-temperature tolerance. The method comprises providing a first polyisocyanate composition having two or more isocyanate groups and comprising 4,4?-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and reacting the first polyisocyanate composition at a temperature of from about 90° C. to about 115° C. and in the presence of a catalyst such that the isocyanate groups form carbodiimides for forming uretonimine and uretonimine oligomers. The reaction of the first polyisocyanate composition is quenched with a quenching agent to produce an intermediate composition having an intermediate isocyanate value of from about 21.0 to about 26.0. The intermediate composition is blended with a second isocyanate composition to form a stable uretonimine-modified isocyanate composition.

Abstract: An isocyanate prepolymer composition having an extended potlife, without the addition of an excess amount of benzoyl chloride is disclosed. The isocyanate prepolymer composition includes an isocyanate prepolymer formed from the reaction of a polyhydroxyl compound with an excess of a polyisocyanate. The composition further includes included a plasticizer, and a phosphate ester. The phosphate ester has at least one acidic hydrogen and a pentavalent phosphorous atom. Preferably, the composition also includes very low levels of benzoyl chloride and an oil. Further disclosed is a polyisocyanate composition having an extended potlife comprising a polyisocyanate, a plasticizer and a phosphate ester having at least one acidic hydrogen and a pentavalent phosphorous atom.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of a storage stable organic polyisocyanate having allophanate linkages prepared by reacting a urethane containing organic polyisocyanate with a reactive hydroxyl compound in the presence of a liquid organic titanium oxide, or zirconium oxide, or hafnium oxide catalyst that is fully miscible in the reactive hydroxyl compound is disclosed. After completion of the allophanate reaction, the catalyst is deactivated by the use of a strong inorganic acid, organic acid, organic chloroformate or acid chloride.