Abstract: This invention provides a network management equipment and a packet switching equipment which eliminate a connection setup delay time, reduce a delay and a delay variation involved in data transfer, and effectively perform connectionless data flow processing in a large data network. The network is divided into a connection-oriented core network and a plurality of connectionless access networks connected to the core network where a plurality of connections (called permanent virtual route (PVR)) are set up among a plurality of edge nodes. The network management equipment selects one route from a plurality of PVRs for connectionless data flow received from one of the access networks and transfers data along the PVR.

Abstract: Policing method and policing circuit for parallelly conducting a plurality of policing which are dependent on policing items in the policing for defining the traffic of an asynchronous transfer mode network are provided. A plurality of traffic monitor circuits 11 parallelly and independently conduct the traffic monitoring of a plurality of items for the input cell for the communication service to be provided by the asynchronous transfer mode network. Each monitor circuit monitors only the violation of the traffic independently and outputs the result. A total determination circuit determines whether to tag, discard or pass the input cell in accordance with a determination rule prescribed for the communication service based on a CLP value contained in a header of the input cell and the monitor result parallelly obtained from the respective monitor circuits to conduct the policing.

Abstract: In a switching system connected between a plurality of input lines and a plurality of output lines, destinations of a plurality of cells incoming from the plurality of input lines are monitored to detect an output line in a congestion state. Upon detection of the output line in an congestion state, congestion information indicating the output line in the congestion state is generated and added to the output cells. An input buffer control circuit derives the congestion information from the received cell, and performs buffering of a cell or cells in an input buffer, which cells are distributed to the output line in the congested state, among cells input from the input line.

Abstract: An ATM switching system at each node of a network performs route changing or rerouting promptly when a failure occurs. In each of ATM switching systems at nodes N1 to N6: a route table 21 of a line interface 102 is set with conversion header information of a normal route, and an alternate routing table 25 is set with header information of one or more alternate routes. Subsequently, each line interface tests, when a packet arrives, whether or not a failure has occurred in an output line involved in the normal route, by referring to a bitmap 264 storing failure lines and a VP failures. The line interface executes header conversion by applying the normal header information stored in the routing table 21 in the case of no failure set for the normal route and by applying the header information stored in the alternate routing table 25 in case a failure has occurred on the normal route, and then outputs the packet to an ATM switch 101.

Abstract: Distributed LANs are connected to a wide area network through terminal adapters, which are interconnected by virtual circuits to form a logical bus network. Each terminal adapter copies cells received through the virtual circuit that is allocated for multicasting, and transfers the copied cells to the adjacent terminal adapters via preset virtual circuits. The terminal adapters assemble a part or all of the transmitted message from the received cells and, according to the contents of the assembled message, transfer the copies of the cells to the adjacent terminal adapters through predetermined virtual circuits.

Abstract: Policing method and policing circuit for parallelly conducting a plurality of policing which are dependent on policing items in the policing for defining the traffic of an asynchronous transfer mode network are provided. A plurality of traffic monitor circuits 11 parallelly and independently conduct the traffic monitoring of a plurality of items for the input cell for the communication service to be provided by the asynchronous transfer mode network. Each monitor circuit monitors only the violation of the traffic independently and outputs the result. A total determination circuit determines whether to tag, discard or pass the input cell in accordance with a determination rule prescribed for the communication service based on a CLP value contained in a header of the input cell and the monitor result parallelly obtained from the respective monitor circuits to conduct the policing.

Abstract: In a shared-buffer-type ATM switch including a multiplexer, a shared buffer memory, a demultiplexer, a buffer memory controller, a cell copy section is disposed between the multiplexer and the memory. The copy section produces a plurality of copies of a broadcast cell according to information of a copy information table and adds associate routing information to each copied cell so as to write the cells in the memory. In response to an indication from an output counter, the cells are read from the memory to be distributed to output ports, thereby implementing a broadcast function.

Abstract: A switching system exchanges communication information as fixed length cells between a plurality of incoming and outgoing highways. The fixed length cells each have a plurality of data portions with one data portion designated as a header portion for containing switching information. An address generating circuit generates read addresses and write addresses in response to the header portion of each cell and a control circuit. The plurality of cells from the incoming highways are simultaneously rotated in a rotation matrix with each of the cell's data portions rotated to a unique internal path. The data portions are then transmitted to identical write addresses in a plurality of memories via delay circuitry. The write addresses are transmitted through shift registers to the plurality of memories to allow the data portions of a single cell to occupy identical addresses within a plurality of memories.

Abstract: A switching system for switching communication information between "M" incoming highways and "N" outgoing highways by using fixed-length cells, each having a header section and a data section and according to information contained in the header section (where "M" and "N" are integers), comprising: a demultiplexing unit for demultiplexing each incoming highway into a plurality of first output links; a switch unit, having the first output links of the demultiplexing unit as first input links and a plurality of second output links, for switching communication information between the first input links and the second output links; and a multiplexing unit, having "N" groups of input links, each group being formed by grouping a specified number of second output links, for multiplexing the cells on the second output links of each group and outputting them through one of third output links to a corresponding outgoing highway.

Abstract: A packet switching equipment housing therein a plurality of pairs of an input line and an output line is provided with a monitor circuit for monitoring a packet congestion state in the packet switching equipment for each output line. When a packet congestion is detected in association with either one of the output lines, a congestion indicator is added to a packet to be delivered to the output line so as to return the packet as a congestion notice packet to an equipment as the transmission source of the packet; furthermore, the input packet is relayed via the output line to the destination equipment.

Abstract: In a packet exchange system for preforming packet exchange by setting logical channels, individual input packets are assigned with information indicative of input sequence of the individual input packets counted in each call and the input sequence information is stored. Each time each packet is delivered, the input sequence information assigned to an input packet is stored as an output sequence information in a call to which the delivered packet belongs, and the status of congestion of packets of the call which are present in the exchange is decided on the basis of the stored input sequence information and output sequence information.

Abstract: A fixed-length packet switching system, in which fixed-length packets (cells) each composed of a header portion and a data portion are received from a plurality of input lines, and after conversion of the header portions, the received packets are transmitted onto selected ones of output lines designated by their header portions.

Abstract: A process for preparing a cartridge for disposal of a radioactive waste liquid, which comprises filling glass fibers in a mold, heat-treating the fibers for partial fusion and molding them into a molded product of a predetermined shape, wherein at least one member selected from the group consisting of boric acid, silicic acid, lithium borate, lithium silicate, zinc borate, zinc silicate, an organic silane, a silica sol, an oil emulsion, and an alumina sol, is applied to the glass fibers or to the molded product.

Abstract: An electric melting furnace for glassifying high-radioactive waste characterized in that, in a furnace for melting glass containing platinum-group elements which has an outlet of glass at the bottom part of a melting tank, the bottom of the furnace surrounding the outlet has an inclination of more than 30.degree. and not more than 70.degree. with respect to the horizontal plane toward the cullet, and the distance l.sub.1 between a surface-inside opening part of the outlet and bottom ends of at least a pair of electrodes (3a, 3b) for supplying most of power required for glass melting is a half or more, but not exceeding, of the distance (l.sub.2) between the electrodes (3a, 3b).