Abstract: A master/slave synchronization communication system applies IEEE1394, and uses its natural period as a base cycle so as to provide synchronization of all stations with a communication period as an integral multiple of the base cycle, thereby allowing easy scheduling of data transmission/reception.

Abstract: An apparatus for applying a reaction force to a pedal member. The apparatus includes: a reaction-force applying device for applying the reaction force to the pedal member and changing the reaction force; and a reaction-force controlling device for controlling or changing the reaction force on the basis of a depressing stroke of the pedal member, according to a predetermined pattern of change of the reaction force. The reaction-force applying device includes a spring member connected at one of its opposite ends to a connected portion of the pedal member for applying a reaction force to the pedal member; and a pivotable cam member held in engagement with the other end of the spring member, such that the other end of the spring member is movable toward and away from the connected portion of the pedal member, in response to pivot motion of the cam member.

Abstract: An electric operating apparatus for a vehicle including an operational member operated in accordance with a traveling request or a braking request of a driver; and a reaction force adjuster that can electrically adjust a reaction force of the operational member; and wherein a driving force or a braking force is electrically controlled in accordance with a requested operation applied to the operational member against the reaction force; comprises (a) an operational information detecting device for detecting operational information concerning a requested operation applied to the operational member by the driver; (b) an environmental information detecting device for detecting environmental information concerning a driving environment of the vehicle; (c) a target pattern setting means for setting a target pattern concerning the requested operation based on the environmental information; and (d) a driving support means for controlling the reaction force adjusted by the reaction force adjuster based on the operatio

Abstract: A vehicle brake apparatus includes (a) a brake operating member operable by a vehicle driver; (b) a variable output mechanism which is disposed between the brake operating member and an output member, for mechanically changing a multiplying ratio of an output force in relation to an operational input force from the brake operating member in accordance with an operating stroke of the brake operating member; and (c) a brake controlling unit which is operated in accordance with the output force applied to the output member, wherein a load sensor for detecting the output force is provided between the variable output mechanism and the output member.

Abstract: In the pedal reaction force device 10, a pedaling reaction force is applied to the operating pedal 16 on the basis of a displacement magnitude and a variation speed of the displacement magnitude by the damper device 18 and spring member 20 which are mechanically displaced in accordance with a pedaling operation of the operating pedal 16, and the variation pattern of the displacement magnitude, that is, variation characteristics of the pedaling reaction force are mechanically set by the cam 22. Therefore, a higher degree of freedom in setting the reaction force characteristics close to a conventional mechanical type pedal device and excellent response performance can be obtained, and construction of the pedal reaction force device 10 can be inexpensively achieved.

Abstract: To provide a pedal reaction force applying apparatus which is easy and inexpensive to manufacture and which is capable of obtaining a pedal reaction force which is close to that of a conventional brake booster. A compression coil spring 22 is compressively deformed upon depression of a pedal member 16, whereby the pedal reaction force is applied to the pedal member 16. The pedal reaction force can be suitably established depending upon amount of pivot motion of a cam member 20 caused by a transmission mechanism 26 as a result of the depression of the pedal member 16, or depending upon projection amount and projection shape of a lobe portion 34 of the cam member 20. Further, the cam member 20 is mechanically pivoted by the transmission mechanism 26 upon depression of the pedal member 16, and the number of the compression coil spring 22 to be provided in the apparatus may be one.

Abstract: A method for decomposing and eliminating dioxins contained in flyash at a lower temperature and in a shorter time is provided, in which dioxides or dioxins-containing materials are brought into contact with amine compounds and/or ammonium compounds at a temperature lower than 300 ° C. Chlorine in dioxines reacts with amine compounds and/or ammonium compounds and thus the dechlorination or replacement reaction of dioxin quickly proceeds under lower temperature. The method makes it possible to decompose dioxins under low temperature range in which dioxins have been thought to be undecomposable.

Abstract: A method for decomposing and eliminating dioxins contained in flyash at a lower temperature and in a shorter time is provided, in which dioxins or dioxins-containing materials are brought into contact with amine compounds and/or ammonium compounds at a temperature lower than 300.degree. C. Chlorine in dioxins reacts with amine compounds and/or ammonium compounds and thus the dechlorination or replacement reaction of dioxin quickly proceeds under lower temperature. The method makes it possible to decompose dioxins under low temperature range in which dioxins have been thought to be undecomposable.

Abstract: A method of estimating the crystal grain size of a nuclear fuel pellet. A plurality types of UO.sub.2 powders are heated at a predetermined temperature raising speed in dry air so as to measure weight change ratios occurring due to the oxidation of each of the UO.sub.2 powders. From a value at which the weight change ratio changes, a temperature at which the composition of the powder from the UO.sub.2+x phase to the U.sub.3 O.sub.7 phase is determined for each type of the powders. Sintered pellets are produced from the plurality types of UO.sub.2 powders in which the arrival temperatures are known. Crystal grain sizes of the plurality types of the sintered pellets produced are measured. According to the U.sub.3 O.sub.7 phase arrival temperature determined and the crystal grain size of the sintered pellet measured, a correlation between the both is recognized. A U.sub.3 O.sub.7 phase arrival temperature of a UO.sub.2 powder of a test sample is determined under the same conditions as described above.

Abstract: A coagulation reaction tank comprises a cylindrical tank provided in the central part thereof with a rotary stirring mechanism furnished with stirring vanes and a filtration tank for introducing the liquid from within the cylindrical tank in the form of filtrate and discharging the filtrate out of the cylindrical tank. This coagulation reaction tank is characterized by the fact that the filtration tank provided in the bottom thereof with slits is disposed in the cylindrical tank above the stirring vanes or the cylindrical tank provided in the upper part of the wall thereof with slits and the filtration tank is disposed outside the slits.

Abstract: A coagulation reaction tank comprises a cylindrical tank provided in the central part thereof with a rotary stirring mechanism furnished with stirring vanes and a filtration tank for introducing the liquid from within the cylindrical tank in the form of filtrate and discharging the filtrate out of the cylindrical tank. This coagulation reaction tank is characterized by the fact that the filtration tank provided in the bottom thereof with slits is disposed in the cylindrical tank above the stirring vanes or the cylindrical tank provided in the upper part of the wall thereof with slits and the filtration tank is disposed outside the slits.