Abstract: A weight and gradient estimation apparatus a height calculation portion calculating a height displacement of a road based on a first predetermined information obtained at a first time and a second predetermined information obtained at a second time after a predetermined time elapses since the first time, a gradient calculation portion calculating a road surface gradient based on the height displacement calculated by the height calculation portion and a moving distance of a vehicle from the first time to the second time, and a weight calculation portion calculating a weight of the vehicle based on the road surface gradient calculated by the gradient calculation portion, an acceleration of the vehicle, a speed of the vehicle, and an output torque of the vehicle.

Abstract: An overlapped-transfer preventing paper supply device in an image-forming apparatus includes an overlapped-transfer preventing member and a rotary paper supply member in an overlapped-transfer preventing portion. A sheet-returning member returns a sheet located in the vicinity of the overlapped-transfer preventing portion to a sheet source or supply and moves from a downstream side to an upstream side of the overlapped-transfer preventing portion. A drive operates in response to a sheet-returning signal to move the sheet-returning member in a sheet-returning direction. A sheet located in the vicinity of the overlapped-transfer preventing portion can be prevented from being damaged, and jamming due to such sheet can be prevented.

Abstract: An apparatus for the formation of images comprising a transfer unit for transferring a toner image formed on a photosensitive drum onto a sheet of copy paper, a conveying unit for conveying the copy sheet in a given direction, and a shield for dividing the region below the conveying unit and transfer unit into the upper and lower portions and for shielding the photosensitive drum in the upper portion from the flow of air from the lower portion, thereby providing high quality images.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a display for image forming apparatus to enable indication of the number of processing sheets and also indication of impossible paper feeding on the paper feed pass on one display by time-sharing at different times, and particularly concerning the point that indication of disabled paper feeding and indication of the above mentioned number of processing sheets are made alternatively when the indication of disabled paper feeding is given by providing a paper sensing switch in the paper supplying mechanism.