Abstract: The present invention provides an electrolyte membrane capable of inhibiting permeation of water, methanol or other electrolyte solutions, permeation of hydrogen and oxygen gas, and swelling caused by electrolyte solution, and having superior mechanical strength, a production process thereof and a membrane-electrode assembly and fuel cell using that electrolyte membrane. The electrolyte membrane has a porous base material having a plurality of pores, and a proton-conducting polymer composition retained in said pores, wherein the proton-conducting polymer composition contains an aromatic hydrocarbon resin having protonic acid groups, free water contained in the electrolyte membrane at 25° C. is present at 0.5 molecules or less per each of the protonic acid groups, bound water contained in the electrolyte membrane at 25° C. is present at 1 molecule or less for each of the protonic acid groups, proton conductivity of the electrolyte membrane in water at 25° C. is 0.

Abstract: An electric skateboard is capable of detecting a load applied from a rider accurately without influence from various positions of the rider on the board and without influence from various road conditions. The electric skateboard includes a board arranged to receive a load from the rider, a load detection sensor arranged to detect the load received by the board, a front wheel provided on a lower surface of the board, an arm which rotatably supports the front wheel, a first frame connected with the arm, a second frame fixed to the board, and a shaft connecting the first and second frames. The load detection sensor is sandwiched by the first and second frames. A rear wheel is provided on the lower surface of the board and has a construction that is similar to that of the front wheel.

Abstract: A control unit controls a vehicle having a body to allow its user to step on, a power generator arranged to generate power that drives the body, and a load sensor unit arranged to output a load value representing a load that has been applied to the body. The control unit preferably includes a first memory arranged to store a load threshold value, a second memory arranged to store a plurality of data, which respectively correspond to different types of control processing to control the power generator, and a processor arranged to change to a type of control processing among the different types of control processing according to a result of a comparison between the load value and the load threshold value. The processor controls the power generator based on one of the plurality of data corresponding to the type of control processing.

Abstract: A control unit controls a vehicle having a body to allow its user to step on, a power generator arranged to generate power that drives the body, and a load sensor unit arranged to output a load value representing a load that has been applied to the body. The control unit preferably includes a first memory arranged to store a load threshold value, a second memory arranged to store a plurality of data, which respectively correspond to different types of control processing to control the power generator, and a processor arranged to change to a type of control processing among the different types of control processing according to a result of a comparison between the load value and the load threshold value. The processor controls the power generator based on one of the plurality of data corresponding to the type of control processing.

Abstract: An operation control device determines the operation of a throttle grip rotation torque element having a throttle grip rotation torque sensor and a throttle grip rotation torque operator, and a pseudo operation degree element for a throttle grip by integration using a throttle grip pseudo opening degree operator. A handle load sensor and a handle load operator detect a handle load. Right and left step load sensors and right and left step load operators detect right and left step loads. A weight shift element operator calculates a weight shift element. A target throttle opening degree is determined based on the operation of these elements, and a throttle valve is rotated by PID control. The operation control device can control a driving force in response to the weight shift of a rider in addition to the operation of the throttle grip.

Abstract: An electric skateboard is capable of detecting a load applied from a rider accurately without influence from various positions of the rider on the board and without influence from various road conditions. The electric skateboard includes a board arranged to receive a load from the rider, a load detection sensor arranged to detect the load received by the board, a front wheel provided on a lower surface of the board, an arm which rotatably supports the front wheel, a first frame connected with the arm, a second frame fixed to the board, and a shaft connecting the first and second frames. The load detection sensor is sandwiched by the first and second frames. A rear wheel is provided on the lower surface of the board and has a construction that is similar to that of the front wheel.

Abstract: A control unit controls a vehicle having a body to allow its user to step on, a power generator arranged to generate power that drives the body, and a load sensor unit arranged to output a load value representing a load that has been applied to the body. The control unit preferably includes a first memory arranged to store a load threshold value, a second memory arranged to store a plurality of data, which respectively correspond to different types of control processing to control the power generator, and a processor arranged to change to a type of control processing among the different types of control processing according to a result of a comparison between the load value and the load threshold value. The processor controls the power generator based on one of the plurality of data corresponding to the type of control processing.

Abstract: A skateboard SB has a board 10 that is rotatably provided with a front wheel 25 and rear wheel 26. Disposed on the both sides of the board 10 are speakers 12a, 12b. On the undersurface of the board 10 there are provided a floor sensor 66 having a CCD camera for shooting a floor and a distance sensor 67 for sensing the distance to the floor. A control box 13 disposed on the undersurface of the board 10 is equipped with a computer device and a tone generator. The computer device controls, in accordance with the color and lightness of the floor sensed by the floor sensor 66 and the distance sensed by the distance sensor 67, the generation of musical tone signals by the tone generator and the mode in which the musical tone signals are generated. A moving apparatus constructed as described above enables a player to listen to music that corresponds to changes in external conditions where the moving apparatus is placed, bringing more fun to the player without making the player tired.

Abstract: A skateboard has a board that is rotatably provided with a front wheel and rear wheel. Disposed on the both sides of the board are speakers. On the front wheel there is provided a steering angle sensor, while on the rear wheel there is provided a rotational speed sensor in order to sense the traveling direction and traveling speed of the skateboard. A control box disposed on the undersurface of the board is equipped with a computer device and tone generator. The computer device controls, in accordance with the traveling direction and speed of the skateboard, the performance tempo of automatic rhythm and automatic performance, the switching between automatic rhythm patterns, and the generation of musical tone signals. The present invention brings more fun to a player without making the player tired by adding variation to music to which the player listens during the ride on the moving apparatus in accordance with the movement of the moving apparatus.

Abstract: A control unit controls a vehicle having a body to allow its user to step on, a power generator arranged to generate power that drives the body, and a load sensor unit arranged to output a load value representing a load that has been applied to the body. The control unit preferably includes a first memory arranged to store a load threshold value, a second memory arranged to store a plurality of data, which respectively correspond to different types of control processing to control the power generator, and a processor arranged to change to a type of control processing among the different types of control processing according to a result of a comparison between the load value and the load threshold value. The processor controls the power generator based on one of the plurality of data corresponding to the type of control processing.

Abstract: A control unit is designed to control a vehicle which includes a body arranged to allow a user to step onto the body, a power generator arranged to generate power that drives the body, and a load sensor unit arranged to output a load value representing a load that has been applied to the body. The control unit preferably includes a processor arranged to calculate a bias of the load based on the load value that has been detected by the load sensor unit and to output a command value as a function of the bias, and a drive controller arranged to control the power generator in accordance with the command value. The processor outputs the command value for generating the power when there is substantially no bias in the load.

Abstract: A control unit controls a vehicle having a body to allow a user to step on, a power generator arranged to generate power that drives the body, and a first sensor and a second sensor. Each sensor preferably outputs a load value representing a load that has been applied to the body. The control unit preferably includes a processor arranged to output a command value associated with a bias of the load based on first and second load values that have been respectively detected by the first and second sensors, and a drive controller arranged to control the power generator in accordance with the command value.

Abstract: A skateboard SB has a board 10 that is rotatably provided with a front wheel 25 and rear wheel 26. Disposed on the both sides of the board 10 are speakers 12a, 12b. On the front wheel 25 there is provided a steering angle sensor 46, while on the rear wheel 26 there is provided a rotational speed sensor 64 in order to sense the traveling direction and traveling speed of the skateboard SB. A control box 13 disposed on the undersurface of the board 10 is equipped with a computer device and tone generator. The computer device controls, in accordance with the traveling direction and speed of the skateboard SB, the performance tempo of automatic rhythm and automatic performance, the switching between automatic rhythm patterns, and the generation of musical tone signals. The present invention brings more fun to a player without making the player tired by adding variation to music to which the player listens during the ride on the moving apparatus in accordance with the movement of the moving apparatus.

Abstract: A skateboard SB has a board 10 that is rotatably provided with a front wheel 25 and rear wheel 26. Disposed on the both sides of the board 10 are speakers 12a, 12b. On the undersurface of the board 10 there are provided a floor sensor 66 having a CCD camera for shooting a floor and a distance sensor 67 for sensing the distance to the floor. A control box 13 disposed on the undersurface of the board 10 is equipped with a computer device and a tone generator. The computer device controls, in accordance with the color and lightness of the floor sensed by the floor sensor 66 and the distance sensed by the distance sensor 67, the generation of musical tone signals by the tone generator and the mode in which the musical tone signals are generated. A moving apparatus constructed as described above enables a player to listen to music that corresponds to changes in external conditions where the moving apparatus is placed, bringing more fun to the player without making the player tired.

Abstract: A load detection device according to this invention has a detection section including a magnetization coil (2) and a solid rod-like magnetic substance disposed in the axial center of the magnetization coil (2), the magnetic substance (1) is magnetized by the magnetization coil (2), and load (P) is applied directly to the magnetic substance (1) to produce inductance change, so as to be detected. Therefore, according to this invention, the device is simplified in its construction with a high mechanical strength and a wide dynamic range, capable of effecting smaller size, weight saving and cost reduction, as well as easy handling ability, and suitable for transfer. In addition, the load (P) is detected from inductance change due to change in magnetic permeability of the magnetic substance (1) caused by the load, so that no displacement is accompanied with detection, providing a structure capable of achieving high direct response and easy adjustment with small hysteresis, and unlikely to be affected magnetically.

Abstract: A valve spring is used in a valve operating mechanism for moving a poppet valve up and down in an internal combustion engine of an automobile. The terminal end of the uppermost portion of the valve spring extends in a tangential direction to go away from an axis of the valve spring, thereby avoiding contact with a retainer to prevent wear.

Abstract: A tappet made of Al alloy is used in a valve operating mechanism of an internal combustion engine of a vehicle. On the whole outer circumferential surface of the tappet, a helical projection and a helical groove are formed alternately to form an uneven surface. A plurality of uneven surfaces are formed on a ridge of the projection at regular intervals. The outer circumferential surface is coated with a wear resistant Fe film by thermal spraying. The uneven surfaces on the projection provide high adhesion strength of the film to the outer circumferential surface of the tappet to improve peel resistance, thereby increasing durability and reliability of the Al alloy tappet.

Abstract: The lower surface of a valve spring retainer is engaged on a valve spring in a valve operating mechanism of an internal combustion engine. The valve spring retainer is subjected to T6 treatment under JIS (Japanese Industrial Standard), and machined as finishing. The lower surface of the valve spring retainer is not machined, and remains as subjected to T6 treatment, thereby improving fatigue strength and wear resistance.

Abstract: A valve spring is used in a valve operating mechanism for moving a poppet valve up and down in an internal combustion engine of an automobile. The terminal end of the uppermost portion of the valve spring extends in a tangential direction to go away from an axis of the valve spring, thereby avoiding contact with a retainer to prevent wear.

Abstract: The inventive computer includes a RAM which sequentially stores a series of calculation expression data thereto, a proof unit which proves the series of calculation expression data by inputting those data again, and a display which displays calculation data found to be non-coincident in the proof operation. First, when a series of calculation expression data is input to the computer, the computer performs a required calculation on the series of calculation expression data and sequentially stores the data in the RAM. After the series of calculations on the data is completed, the user inputs data on designation of a proof operation to confirm whether the result of the calculation is correct. Thus, the proof mode is selected and a second series of calculation expression data is input.