Abstract: Focusing method and exposure apparatus for focusing both a parallel light beam and a non-parallel light beam through a movable objective lens onto an object. A negative feedback loop is provided which has a detector for receiving a reflection light beam of the non-parallel light beam passed through the movable objective lens, reflected at the object and passed through the movable objective lens, for generating a detection signal corresponding to a focus deviation of the non-parallel light beam, and a driver for receiving the detection signal to control a position of the movable objective lens in accordance with the detection signal, so that the detection signal is decreased. The negative feedback loop further includes a correction signal generator for generating a correction signal and supplying it to the negative feedback loop as a disturbance of the loop so that the parallel light beam is focused onto the object.

Abstract: The object is to provide a method and an apparatus for manufacturing natural intestine sausages, which excel in sanitation and make it possible to reduce the waste of a natural intestine casing and a material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to photocatalyst-carrying structures which can be used particularly in an environment of high temperature and humidity or outdoor environment requiring alkali resistance and also to composites of photocatalyst coating materials to produce the said structures. The composites of photocatalyst coating materials are characterized in containing a photocatalyst and a zirconium compound and/or tin compound in order to endow alkali resistance. The photocatalyst-carrying structure has an adhesive layer between a photocatalyst layer and a carrier. The photocatalyst layer contains a photocatalyst, and a zirconium compound and/or tin compound to endow alkali resistance.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing ends of a chain of natural intestine sausages which is used together with a suspending device for suspending and transporting a chain of natural intestine sausages includes: a heating device having a liquid tank in which a heating liquid is stored and which is disposed at a position below suspending members of the suspending device, so as to thermally contract a leading end portion and a trailing end portion of the chain of sausages on a continuous basis,

Abstract: The distress call emitting device comprises an earthquake sensor for detecting an earthquake of a prescribed intensity or greater and/or a receiver for receiving a radio signal from a remote transmitter. Therefore, even when the user is unable to call for a help, the distress call emitting device of the present invention produces a distress call in his behalf by sound and/or light. The distress call can be initiated either by detecting the intensity of the earthquake or by operating a remote transmitter which may be carried by the user. If the device is linked to a telephone line, the distress call can be made also through a telephone line. Thus, even when the user is too weak to call for a help by his own effort, the device is either automatically activated by an earthquake or remotely activated by pressing a switch on a portable transmitter.

Abstract: A stuffing pump for use in an apparatus for stuffing sausages or the like in which a rotating shaft for rotatively driving a rotor disposed in a housing is supported by bearings at one end thereof. A shaft member coupled to another end portion of the rotating shaft by a fitting and coupling structure is provided, and the shaft member is supported by a rolling bearing so that the rotating shaft is supported on both sides with respect to the rotor.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for manufacturing sausages or the like. The apparatus includes a stuffing pump for supplying a material to be stuffed; a stuffing nozzle over which a casing is fitted and which receives the material to be stuffed fed out from the stuffing pump; a hampering member into which the tip of the stuffing nozzle is inserted; and a conveying device for conveying the casing in which the material to be stuffed discharged from the hampering member is stuffed, wherein the material to be stuffed is continuously discharged from the tip of the stuffing nozzle into the casing while the casing is being pulled in its longitudinal direction by the hampering member and the conveying device.

Abstract: A system including a method and an apparatus is disclosed for effectively separating a foamed heat-insulating material, such as insulated wall sections from used refrigeration equipment, into a foaming gas and a heat-insulating resin without any alteration and recovering them. A peeling portion for peeling a foamed heat-insulating material from a composite material containing the foamed heat-insulating material is included in a crusher provided with a high speed rotor having a plurality of hammers and a casing surrounding the rotor. A sorting portion is provided for sorting the foamed heat-insulating material with a tilting type wind force sorter having a limited tilting angle and a limited height of a wind tunnel. A pulverizing portion is provided for pulverizing the sorted foamed heat-insulating material and for separating a foaming gas therefrom. A condensing portion is provided for cooling and liquefying the separated foaming gas.

Abstract: A system including a method and an apparatus is disclosed for effectively separating a foamed heat-insulating material, such as insulated wall sections from used refrigeration equipment, into a foaming gas and a heat-insulating resin without any alteration and recovering them. A peeling portion for peeling a foamed heat-insulating material from a composite material containing the foamed heat-insulating material is included in a crusher provided with a high speed rotor having a plurality of hammers and a casing surrounding the rotor. A sorting portion is provided for sorting the foamed heat-insulating material with a tilting type wind force sorter having a limited tilting angle and a limited height of a wind tunnel. A pulverizing portion is provided for pulverizing the sorted foamed heat-insulating material and for separating a foaming gas therefrom. A condensing portion is provided for cooling and liquefying the separated foaming gas.

Abstract: An inverted microscope is adapted so that a specimen thereon e.g. cells can be irradiated by a laser beam. The laser beam is guided from a laser source by a series of adjustably movable reflectors which introduce it into the microscope optical pathway at a parallel-beam region thereof, and through the objective lens of the microscope. A point to be irradiated can be selected by moving the reflectors which may be galvanometrically-movable. The laser beam can be focused together with the microscope image. The movable reflectors are kept within 200 mm behind the objective lens principal plane (PP) to ensure that the laser can be applied all over the microscope viewing field.

Abstract: An ivory-colored zirconia sintered body having high toughness, high mechanical strength and aesthetical excellence, a process for its production and its use as a bracket for orthodontic application; the sintered body containing stabilizer-containing ZrO.sub.2 as a main component, and also containing, based on the stabilizer-containing ZrO.sub.2, 0.05 to 1.0 mol % of Er.sub.2 O.sub.3, 0.0001 to 0.05 mol % of Pr.sub.6 O.sub.11, 0.0001 to 0.3 mol % of Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 and 0.05 to 0.

Abstract: An ivory-colored zirconia sintered body having high toughness, high mechanical strength and aesthetical excellence, a process for its production and its use as a bracket for orthodontic application; the sintered body containing stabilizer-containing ZrO.sub.2 as a main component, and also containing, based on the stabilizer-containing ZrO.sub.2, 0.05 to 1.0 mol % of Er.sub.2 O.sub.3, 0.0001 to 0.05 mol % of Pr.sub.6 O.sub.11, 0.0001 to 0.3 mol % of Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 and 0.05 to 0.

Abstract: In the suspending method, a signal of a value proportional to the amount of movement of the conveying device for conveying a chain of products is generated, and suspending members are controlled on the basis of that signal in such a manner as to suspend the chain of products for each desired number of links to be suspended. Meanwhile, the suspending apparatus has a signal generating device for generating a signal of a value proportional to the amount of movement of the conveying device for conveying the chain of products. A suspending device is connected to a controlling device for controlling the movement of the suspending members, and on the basis of that signal the controlling device causes the suspending members to move in such a manner as to suspend the chain of products for each desired number of links.

Abstract: A process for the production of a raw material used for the production of a zirconia sintered body is disclosed. A power containing principally zirconium compounds and a stabilizing agent is added to a solution or slurry containing at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn. The stabilizing agent is Y.sub.2 O.sub.3, CaO, MgO, CeO.sub.2, a yttrium compound, calcium compound, magnesium compound or cerium compound which can produce Y.sub.2 O.sub.3, CaO, MgO, or CeO.sub.2 by thermal decomposition. The selected metal element from the group will act as a coating on the zirconia sintered body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for adjusting the weight of workpiece by twice machining a weight-adjustment portion formed on the workpiece. In the present invention, the same cutting tool is used for machining the weight-adjustment portion and the feeding position for the second machining of the weight-adjustment portion is determined in response to the weight of the workpiece after the first machining. According to the present invention, even if the tips of the cutting tool should wear because of prolonged machining operations and, as a result, the amount of the first machining is insufficient, the said insufficiency is compensated for by the second machining.

Abstract: A press working control method for controlling the press working operation of a press having a pressure cylinder for applying a working pressure to a workpiece, a press slide operatively connected to the pressure cylinder and carrying a movable die, a bed fixedly mounted with a fixed die, a plurality of control cylinders supporting the press slide in a level position during the press working operation, and a press control system for carrying out the press working control method.

Abstract: A process for the production of a sinterable raw material powder to be used for the production of a partially stabilized ZrO.sub.2 sintered body or ceramic body containing 0 to 60 parts of alumina, and the process for the production of the sintered body or ceramic body using this powder.

Abstract: A surface inspection system detects imperfections on the surface of a hot radiant material, in which video signals for imperfections or defects are discriminated by comparison with normal level signals which are obtained through a variable area peak hold to preclude completely the influences of dark or bright defects which happen to be on the inspecting surface. The system includes apparatus for removing noises due to scales to produce outputs indicating true surface imperfections alone or indicating the degree of defectiveness of the detected defects. Also disclosed is a multi-camera surface inspection system capable of detecting defects on all sides of a hot radiant material which is transferred along a predetermined transfer line, with or without follow-up control of a camera or cameras scanning a given side of the material using edge signals detected from the normal level signal of another camera scanning a surface on the ensuing side of the material.