Abstract: A simulation apparatus includes: a factor amount converting information storage unit in which factor amount converting information, which is information indicating correspondence between low-fidelity information and high-fidelity information, is stored; a writing pattern information storage unit in which writing pattern information is stored; an ADI simulation unit that performs an ADI simulation using one or more evaluation points, for a writing pattern indicated by the writing pattern information, thereby acquiring one or more factor amounts; a converting unit that acquires high-fidelity information, which is one or more factor amounts, corresponding to the low-fidelity information, which is one or more factor amounts, using the factor amount converting information; and an etching simulation unit that performs an etching simulation using the one or more factor amounts acquired by the converting unit.

Abstract: A simulation apparatus includes: a factor amount converting information storage unit in which factor amount converting information, which is information indicating correspondence between low-fidelity information and high-fidelity information, is stored; a writing pattern information storage unit in which writing pattern information is stored; an ADI simulation unit that performs an ADI simulation using one or more evaluation points, for a writing pattern indicated by the writing pattern information, thereby acquiring one or more factor amounts; a converting unit that acquires high-fidelity information, which is one or more factor amounts, corresponding to the low-fidelity information, which is one or more factor amounts, using the factor amount converting information; and an etching simulation unit that performs an etching simulation using the one or more factor amounts acquired by the converting unit.

Abstract: The steering apparatus in which at least part of the transmission lines (L1, L3) which transmit the control quantity of steering from the steering wheel (20, 120, 220) to the rudder (30, 130, 230) is constituted from a steering cable such as wire so as to steer the rudder by transmitting the control quantity of operating the steering wheel to the rudder through reciprocal motion of the transmission line. The assisting force supplying means (70, 170, 270) is additionally installed and the intermediate linkage rod (60, 160, 260) is installed to interpose in the transmission line, with the transmission line (L2) for transmitting the assisting force supplied from the assisting force supplying means being connected to said intermediate linkage rod in addition to the transmission lines described above, so that the intermediate linkage rod is moved back and forth by the sum of the manual force from said steering wheel and the assisting force from the assisting force supplying means, thereby to steer the rudder.

Abstract: A helm pump (10) rotated either in forward or reverse direction by operating a steering wheel (13) and discharges a liquid of a quantity proportional to the rotating angle, and a double action cylinder moves a rudder (27) and is provided on rudder (27) side of the ship, helm pump (10) and the double action cylinder being connected with the hydraulic circuit of fully closed construction, to move the rudder (27) by an amount corresponding to the amount of liquid discharged from the helm pump (10). A second pump generates discharging pressure in the same direction as the discharging direction from helm pump (10) against resistive pressure generated by the rotation of helm pump (10) due to the operation of steering wheel (13) is installed in series in part of the fully closed hydraulic circuit, so the steering resistance of steering wheel (13) is automatically reduced by the action of the second pump.

Abstract: The steering apparatus in which at least part of the transmission lines (L1, L3) which transmit the control quantity of steering from the steering wheel (20, 120, 220) to the rudder (30, 130, 230) is constituted from a steering cable such as wire so as to steer the rudder by transmitting the control quantity of operating the steering wheel to the rudder through reciprocal motion of the transmission line. The assisting force supplying means (70, 170, 270) is additionally installed and the intermediate linkage rod (60, 160, 260) is installed to interpose in the transmission line, with the transmission line (L2) for transmitting the assisting force supplied from the assisting force supplying means being connected to said intermediate linkage rod in addition to the transmission lines described above, so that the intermediate linkage rod is moved back and forth by the sum of the manual force from said steering wheel and the assisting force from the assisting force supplying means, thereby to steer the rudder.

Abstract: A tubular knitted fabric is broadened while fully preventing generation of open gap. Yarn is hooked on a needle of a second needle bed and twisted to form a loop, and this loop is transferred onto a first needle bed to become a broadening loop. A subsequent stitch is formed on the broadening loop and transferred back to the second needle bed. Yarn is hooked again on a needle of the second needle bed and twisted to form a loop, and this loop is transferred to the first needle bed to become a broadening loop.

Abstract: A tubular knitted fabric is broadened while fully preventing generation of open gap. Yarn is hooked on a needle of a second needle bed and twisted to form a loop, and this loop is transferred onto a first needle bed to become a broadening loop. A subsequent stitch is formed on the broadening loop and transferred back to the second needle bed. Yarn is hooked again on a needle of the second needle bed and twisted to form a loop, and this loop is transferred to the first needle bed to become a broadening loop.

Abstract: The present invention provides a knitted fabric of three-dimensional silhouette shape which comprises a front half and a back half coupled at side edges to each other forming a tubular shape and in which the circumferential length of the tubular shape is varied by increasing and/or decreasing the number of wales of one of the two, front and back, halves and also, a method of knitting the same.

Abstract: An intermolecular compound of dichloroglyoxime and 5-chloro-2-methyl-3-isothiazolone as a novel compound obtained by reacting dichloroglyoxime with 5-chloro-2-methyl-3-isothiazolone. The intermolecular compound is useful as an antibacterial agent.

Abstract: A composition containing an .alpha.-chloro-o-acylbenzaldoxime derivative is effective for inhibiting the formation of slime. The composition has a strong activity for killing microorganisms which form slime, e.g., in the paper and pulp industries without such faults as reducing the whiteness of the paper or pulp, reducing the effect of sizing treatments, degrading the products, etc. A method for controlling slime using this composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: A composition containing an .alpha.-chloro-o-acylbenzaldoxime derivative is effective for inhibiting the formation of slime. The composition has a strong activity for killing microorganisms which form slime, e.g., in the paper and pulp industries without such faults as reducing the whiteness of the paper or pulp, reducing the effect of sizing treatments, degrading the products, etc. A method for controlling slime using this composition is also disclosed.