Abstract: In a front surface leather portion of a cover 10, there are formed a display surface opening portion 14 for exposing a display screen of a display of a mobile communication terminal 90, an operating surface opening portion 15 for exposing an operating surface of an input device of the terminal 90, and a fitting opening portion 16 for fitting this cover 10 to the terminal 90. Accordingly, even when the cover 10 is fitted, it is possible for the user both to check the display screen of the terminal 90 from the portion 14 and to actuate the input device of the terminal 90 from the portion 15. Due to this, it is possible to implement a cover for a mobile communication terminal which, along with maintaining a good operating feeling and serving as cushioning material in the case of shock, can also impart a soft texture and a sense of high quality.

Abstract: For eliminating a reduction in throughput in a network as a whole according to optimum path transfer technique which is the expansion of spanning tree protocol, a frame switching unit of the network has an STP control unit for, when a port state of a spanning tree is changed, notifying a table control unit of an identifier of the spanning tree and a port number of a predetermined port among the respective ports, the table control unit for setting, in a forwarding table storage unit, a received port number of a predetermined port as an output port in an entry in which a node ID is equivalent to a spanning tree identifier, and a table search unit for determining an output destination from among output ports obtained by acquisition of received frame information from a frame analysis unit.

Abstract: A node to relay the Ethernet frame provided with means to insert, in the relay process of the frame, two or more VLAN tags into the frame at a time and to remove the inserted VLAN tags wherein a TTL area to show the frame survival time is provided in the VLAN tag to be inserted to the frame so that whether the survival time has been elapsed or not is checked by the value in the TTL area and the frame after elapse of the survival time is discarded without being relayed.

Abstract: [Problems to be solved] To provide a system capable of controlling a PC firewall responding to a location, thereby to prevent a third person from intruding into a PC without being restricted by an application. [Means to solve the problems] A first security system includes: a network recognizing unit for performing a test for confirming whether an IP address allotted to the PC coincides with a specification value, and notifying its test result to a security setting unit; the security setting unit for, upon receipt of the test result from the network recognizing unit, notifying a setting modification command to a firewall unit based upon its test result; and the firewall unit for, upon receipt of the setting modification command from the security setting unit, executing a packet filtering responding to its command.

Abstract: A mobile communication terminal 10 is assembled by a user incorporating an arbitrary desired function module 31, 32, 33 into a core module 20. When assembling the terminal, it is not possible for the core module 20 to know what type of function module is being incorporated in advance, but it is possible to ascertain the type of function module that has been incorporated by using identification information notified to the connection module control means of the core module 20 via the core module communication processing section of the function module 31, 32, 33 and the inter-module communication processing section of the core module 20. The core module 20 therefore implements a function appropriate to the users needs by appropriately controlling that function module. Therefore, it is possible to make effective use of resources, as well as reducing the burden placed on a user when upgrading or adding functions, to meet the diverse needs of the user.

Abstract: A node of a spanning tree system operating on a network connecting a plurality of nodes, comprises two transfer units which determines an output destination port, based on the destination MAC address of an input frame, two tree managers which configures a spanning tree according to a spanning tree protocol, and a virtual port of connecting the tree manager and the transfer unit.

Abstract: Any packet loss is detected very quickly by means of only a series of sequence number in a multi-path environment where a transmitter and a receiver are connected to each other by way of a plurality of networks when no inversion of sequence arises in any of the networks. A communication apparatus includes a plurality of sequence buffers arranged at each network to accumulate packets until a sequence acknowledgement and an absence detecting section adapted to determine the occurrence of an absence of a packet when one or more packets are accumulated in all the sequence buffers. With this arrangement, the absence detecting section of the receiver monitors the packets staying in the sequence guaranteeing buffer arranged in each of the network, paying attention to the characteristic that packets are stored in the sequence buffers of all the networks when a packet loss takes place.

Abstract: Out of data being transmitted from a client application A1 to a server application B1, data of which encryption has been determined to be necessary in a frame analyzing means within an intermediate driver A11 of s PC 1 is relayed by use of a total of two TCP sessions consisting of a TCP session 1 between a TCP A14 and a TCP A2, and a TCP session 2 between a TCP A17 and a TCP B3. Relaying the TCP sessions in such a manner makes it possible to achieve a coincidence of a TCP/IP protocol hierarchy between an SSL A16 within the intermediate driver A11 and an SSL B2 within a server 2, which enables certificate information, an encryption algorithm, etc. necessary for starting an SSL session to be automatically exchanged therebetween. As a result, secret data being sent out from the PC can be encrypted without changing the setting of the server or installing any software.

Abstract: In a congestion control system for congestion controlling communications on a network, a congestion control node has a congestion detection part for detecting a congestion level of the communications in the congestion control node in question and a congestion notifying part for notifying other congestion control nodes on the network of congestion information detected by the congestion detection part. The congestion control node further has a part for receiving the congestion information from the other congestion control nodes and a congestion flow estimating part for estimating, with reference to the congestion information and a routing table for designating a transfer path to destination, a flow having the congestion level that is not less than a predetermined level in the transfer path to the destination.

Abstract: A mobile communication terminal having a digital camera and which is comprised of a first section and a second section. There are four structural states realized by folding up of the mobile communication terminal and rotation of a display section with respect to a base section of the second section. In each of the four structural states, the mobile communication terminal automatically allocates operations modes of camera mode and non-camera mode. Also, the mobile communication terminal can automatically change the operating mode as required.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to reflect a band of the bottleneck into the cost, to select an optimal path, and to enhance an efficiency of the net utilization without making a setting or a modification to the apparatus (bridge etc.) in which the path control protocol operates in a case where a difference exists between an actually utilizable rate (a band of the bottleneck) in the path between the bridges etc. and a link rate of the connection link such as the bridge etc. in a net in which the apparatus (bridge etc.), in which the path control protocol (STP etc.) for automatically computing a cost of a link by a physical band of the connection link operates, exists.

Abstract: Provided in the EoE technique are the node, the network, the correspondence relationship generating method and the frame transfer program to avoid traffic concentration on a specific link to improve throughput of the network as a whole by realizing optimum path transfer. The frame switching unit includes the frame analysis unit for analyzing an input frame kind and the like, the table search unit for obtaining frame rewriting information and output port information, the forwarding table storage unit for managing an output port of a frame, the MAC learning unit for executing MAC address learning, the EoE-MAC learning unit for learning a relationship between a MAC address and an EoE-MAC address, the STP control unit for executing processing of a spanning tree, and the like.

Abstract: A node that configures a spanning tree over a network to which a plurality of nodes are connected generates a tree after a cost change using another LAN while continuing to operate the tree that existed before the change, and switches the tree that is used for forwarding after the new tree has been stable.

Abstract: A TCP 2003 is terminated in an intermediate driver 2006 within a gateway device 20, a TCP 3003 is terminated in an intermediate driver 3006 within a gateway device 30, and a frame is transferred between the intermediate drivers with a method not causing a congestion control such as a UDP. Besides, an SSL session is constructed between an SSL 2002 and an SSL 3002, and upon completing construction of the session, a public key and a secret key are sent by means of an Ethernet frame from a processing speed acceleration engine control to a processing speed acceleration engine. Thus, the gateway device transfers the frame not through a CPU but by employing the processing speed acceleration engine within an NIC in later communication between a terminal 21 and a server 31.

Abstract: A VPN connection method and a communication system are provided, each which can omit the setting of a firewall and the installation of a relay server and can establish communications from the outside of a firewall to the inside thereof. The internal network 2 is connected to the external network 1 via the firewall 13. The internal network 2 enables communications by an e-mail from the external network 1 (outside the firewall) to the mail server 21 in the internal network 2 (inside the firewall) or communications by telephone or radio, which is not via the firewall 3. The feature of the firewall 3 is utilized that access from the outside to the inside of the firewall through VPN connection is very difficult but the access in the reverse stream can be simply performed. Using the mail server, telephone line or radio line, the internal network 2 receives an e-mail, which requires for VPN connection from the external network 1, or control information through the telephone line.

Abstract: An object of the present application is to provide a technology that can achieve packet communication between terminals connected to the Internet by way of a relay server in a faster and safer manner. The system of present application is a communication system characterized in that, on receipt of a start-connection message, a relay server having the lowest load is searched, and communication is achieved by way of the relay server found.

Abstract: A network system in which a network adopting a node redundancy protocol and a network adopting an STP protocol as other protocol for managing a state of a port coexist, which is configured to manage, by the STP protocol as other protocol, a state of a port which belongs to a master node 10 and a backup node 20 forming the network adopting the STP protocol and is under the management of the node redundancy protocol and also under the management of the STP protocol, and in which the master node 10 or the backup node 20 transmits a Hello message as a control frame for monitoring a node and a link to all or a part of nodes connected to the port under the management of the node redundancy protocol, as well as transmitting a Flush message as a control frame for rewriting a forwarding database to all or a part of nodes connected to the port under the management of the node redundancy protocol at the time of switching to a master mode.

Abstract: In a front surface leather portion of a cover 10, there are formed a display surface opening portion 14 for exposing a display screen of a display of a mobile communication terminal 90, an operating surface opening portion 15 for exposing an operating surface of an input device of the terminal 90, and a fitting opening portion 16 for fitting this cover 10 to the terminal 90. Accordingly, even when the cover 10 is fitted, it is possible for the user both to check the display screen of the terminal 90 from the portion 14 and to actuate the input device of the terminal 90 from the portion 15. Due to this, it is possible to implement a cover for a mobile communication terminal which, along with maintaining a good operating feeling and serving as cushioning material in the case of shock, can also impart a soft texture and a sense of high quality.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a technology capable of estimating header conversion applied in a network by collecting information required in the estimation, without introducing a special-purpose server directed to estimate header conversion applied in the network. The present invention provides a system for estimating information about apparatuses on a network using an error message or control message sent in response to a transmitted packet as stipulated by a communication protocol to estimate information about apparatuses on the network.

Abstract: A base node (100) and a base node (101) transmit a keep alive frame broadcast by a relay node forming a communication medium (106) and a communication medium (107) from a port 1 and a port 2, monitor an arrival state of the keep alive frame at each port, and in normal operation, assume the two communication media connected to the port 1 and the port 2 as one node to expand a communication band and at failure detection, continue communication by using only a communication medium connected to a port at which no failure is detected.