Abstract: The present invention provides fuel cell stacks comprising effective means to maintain the fuel cell stacks at a constant temperature using plates mated to at least one face of the stack and in contact with the edges of the repeat and non-repeat layers while making use of the phase change of working-fluids such as water or water-organic species mixtures for heat transfer. Also provided are processes for maintaining said fuel cell stacks at a constant temperature by adjusting the flow rate and pressure of the cooling fluid so that both liquid and vapor are present at the same time.

Abstract: Aromatic polymers exhibiting thermal stability and conductivity upon imbibement into an acid are disclosed for electrochemical gas sensor applications. Membrane electrode assemblies for electrochemical gas sensors are also provided, comprising a sensing electrode, a counter electrode, and a polymer membrane comprising the polymers of the present invention, disposed between the sensing electrode and the counter electrode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a class of polymer ion imbibed membranes for electrolyte flow batteries. The membranes are a conducting aromatic polyether type copolymer bearing nitrogen heterocycles groups, especially pyridine type. While the membranes can be used in acid, basic, and neutral electrolytes, the nitrogen heterocycles in the membrane interact with acid in the electrolyte to form a proton transport network, so as to keep the proton transport performance of the membrane. The membrane has excellent mechanical stability and thermostability as well as tunable porosity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a class of polymer ion imbibed membranes for electrolyte flow batteries. The membranes are a conducting aromatic polyether type copolymer bearing nitrogen heterocycles groups, especially pyridine type. While the membranes can be used in acid, basic, and neutral electrolytes, the nitrogen heterocycles in the membrane interact with acid in the electrolyte to form a proton transport network, so as to keep the proton transport performance of the membrane. The membrane has excellent mechanical stability and thermostability as well as tunable porosity.

Abstract: Aromatic polymers exhibiting thermal stability and conductivity upon imbibement into an acid are disclosed for electrochemical gas sensor applications. Membrane electrode assemblies for electrochemical gas sensors are also provided, comprising a sensing electrode, a counter electrode, and a polymer membrane comprising the polymers of the present invention, disposed between the sensing electrode and the counter electrode.

Abstract: New multifunctional aromatic copolymers bearing pyridine or pyrimidine units either in the main chain or side chain and single wall carbon nanotubes or multi wall carbon nanotubes as side chain pendants have been prepared. These multifunctional materials will combine both high proton and electrical conductivity due to the existence of polar pyridine or pyrimidine groups and carbon nanotubes within the same chemical structure. The prepared multifunctional materials can be used in the catalyst ink of the electrodes in high temperature PEM fuel cells.

Abstract: A power system is provided which includes hydrogen production via reformation of gaseous or liquid hydrocarbons and/or alcohol feedstocks, in combination with high temperature PEM fuel cells which function as a power source, particularly for beverage and/or water cooler appliances, refrigerators or freezers and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to the development and characterization of a new series of poly (arylene ether) copolymers containing pyridine and biphenyl or hydroquinone moieties. Preferred polymers can exhibit very good mechanical properties, high thermal and oxidative stability and high doping ability with strong acids. The invention further relates to the preparation and application of MEA on PEMFC type single cells.

Abstract: High temperature polymer electrolyte membranes bearing pyridine and tetramethyl biphenyl moieties are provided. Preferred polymers can exhibit good mechanical properties, high thermal and oxidative stability and high doping ability with strong acids. Further provided are MEA on PEMFC type single cells.

Abstract: Featured are novel heterocycle substituted hydroquinones, aromatic copolymers and homopolymers bearing main and side chain polar pyridine units. These polymers exhibit good mechanical properties, high thermal and oxidative stability, high doping ability and high conductivity values. These novel polymers can be used in the preparation and application of MEA on PEMFC type single cells. The combination of the above mentioned properties indicate the potential of the newly prepared materials to be used as electrolytes in high temperature PEM fuel cells.

Abstract: Featured are novel heterocycle substituted hydroquinones, aromatic copolymers and homopolymers bearing main and side chain polar pyridine units. These polymers exhibit good mechanical properties, high thermal and oxidative stability, high doping ability and high conductivity values. These novel polymers can be used in the preparation and application of MEA on PEMFC type single cells. The combination of the above mentioned properties indicate the potential of the newly prepared materials to be used as electrolytes in high temperature PEM fuel cells.

Abstract: New aromatic polyether type copolymers bearing main chain pyridine and side chain pyridine or pyrimidine units, which exhibit good mechanical properties, high thermal and oxidative stability, high doping ability and high conductivity values. The polymers are useful in the preparation and application of MEA on PEMFC type single cells. The polymers are, further, particularly suitable for use in high temperature PEM fuel cells.

Abstract: Featured are novel heterocycle substituted hydroquinones, aromatic copolymers and homopolymers bearing main and side chain polar pyridine units. These polymers exhibit good mechanical properties, high thermal and oxidative stability, high doping ability and high conductivity values. These novel polymers can be used in the preparation and application of MEA on PEMFC type single cells. The combination of the above mentioned properties indicate the potential of the newly prepared materials to be used as electrolytes in high temperature PEM fuel cells.

Abstract: New multifunctional aromatic copolymers bearing pyridine or pyrimidine units either in the main chain or side chain and single wall carbon nanotubes or multi wall carbon nanotubes as side chain pendants have been prepared. These multifunctional materials will combine both high proton and electrical conductivity due to the existence of polar pyridine or pyrimidine groups and carbon nanotubes within the same chemical structure. The prepared multifunctional materials can be used in the catalyst ink of the electrodes in high temperature PEM fuel cells.

Abstract: New aromatic polyether type copolymers bearing main chain pyridine and side chain pyridine or pyrimidine units, which exhibit good mechanical properties, high thermal and oxidative stability, high doping ability and high conductivity values. The polymers are useful in the preparation and application of MEA on PEMFC type single cells. The polymers are, further, particularly suitable for use in high temperature PEM fuel cells.

Abstract: Polymer electrolyte membranes with polyethylene oxide and phophonic acid moieties tethered on the main polyether backbone are provided as single phase proton conductors. Preferred polymers can exhibit good mechanical properties, high thermal and oxidative stability. The membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) is also provided.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to the development and characterization of a new series of poly (arylene ether) copolymers containing pyridine and biphenyl or hydroquinone moieties. Preferred polymers can exhibit very good mechanical properties, high thermal and oxidative stability and high doping ability with strong acids. The invention further relates to the preparation and application of MEA on PEMFC type single cells.

Abstract: Featured are novel heterocycle substituted hydroquinones, aromatic copolymers and homopolymers bearing main and side chain polar pyridine units. These polymers exhibit good mechanical properties, high thermal and oxidative stability, high doping ability and high conductivity values. These novel polymers can be used in the preparation and application of MEA on PEMFC type single cells. The combination of the above mentioned properties indicate the potential of the newly prepared materials to be used as electrolytes in high temperature PEM fuel cells.

Abstract: Featured are novel heterocycle substituted hydroquinones, aromatic copolymers and homopolymers bearing main and side chain polar pyridine units. These polymers exhibit good mechanical properties, high thermal and oxidative stability, high doping ability and high conductivity values. These novel polymers can be used in the preparation and application of MEA on PEMFC type single cells. The combination of the above mentioned properties indicate the potential of the newly prepared materials to be used as electrolytes in high temperature PEM fuel cells.

Abstract: Featured are polymer electrolyte membranes based on blends of aromatic polyethers containing pyridine units in the main chain. Preferred membranes can show excellent mechanical properties and exceptional thermal and oxidative stability. Preferred polymer blends can be easily doped with inorganic acids such as phosphoric acid resulting in ionically conducting membrane.