Abstract: The object of the present invention is to analyze a functional organic compound with high accuracy. In the present invention, cluster ions are accelerated so that the kinetic energy of cluster ions is less than 3.1 eV per one atom that makes up the cluster ion and the cluster ions enter a sample. Since the functional organic compound in the sample is etched without the breakdown of the chemical structure, the functional organic compound, which has not been chemically denatured, is exposed on the surface of the sample. By alternately performing the etching and the surface analysis of the sample, or performing the surface analysis of the sample while performing the etching, the sample can be accurately analyzed in the depth direction.

Abstract: [Task] The invention enables uniformly etching a surface of a sample with an improved repeatability, and etching at a low cost without requiring any large-scale equipment. [Means for Solving the Problem] In an electron spectroscopy analytical apparatus (1) for executing an analysis of a composition, a chemical state and the like of a surface of a sample (4) or in a depth direction thereof by irradiating an X-ray to the sample (4) from a high-energy particle irradiating unit (6) within a vacuum chamber (2) under a vacuum atmosphere, and detecting a kinetic energy of electrons emitted from the sample (4) by an electric energy analyzer (7) on the basis of a photoelectric effect, the surface of the sample (4) is ion-etched by irradiating a fullerene ion beam to the surface of the sample (4) from an ion gun (8) before irradiating the high-energy particle to the sample (4).

Abstract: A manually operable or automatic film speed setting system adapted for use in an electronic exposure control apparatus of a photographic camera. When a film cartridge having an electrically conductive marker representative of the sensitivity of film therein is loaded in the camera, information representative of film speed is automatically introduced into the exposure value computer regardless of the manually switched position of the inherent film speed dial different from that for the sensitivity of the used film.

Abstract: A camera having a data recording device wherein there are provided an optical path for photographic insertion of data and an optical path for displaying data. Each of these optical paths has a light inlet disposed, independently of the other, in the same light flux emitted from a data source. Photographing data are photographically applied to a film surface and are also displayed inside a view finder by means of a data signal of light which is introduced directly into each of the optical paths.

Abstract: A shutter release system for a camera having an electric shutter, made so that when a power source battery is exhausted preventing a shutter control circuit from properly functioning, it is detected to block shutter release and an electric control mode is changed over to a mechanical control mode by handling a change over means for conducting an exposure with a constant period of time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a data printing device suited to be built in a compact camera, the device is designed so that optical fibers are provided between the data carrier comprising data figures and the photosensitive film in such a manner that the data light is transmitted through the optical fibers so as to form an image of the data figures on the film plane by means of the image forming lens.

Abstract: An exposure control device in which the output of a light measuring circuit which produces an electrical signal corresponding to the brightness of an object is compared with an output of a level signal circuit which produces an electrical signal of a predetermined level. When the compared value reaches a predetermined value, a flash circuit is made ready to flash, whereby the shutter time is changed over to a predetermined time suited for a flash photography and the flash circuit is made to flash in association with the shutter operation and the shutter is controlled with a constant time.

Abstract: A device for printing an image of an indicium manually selected from a series of indicia representing different exposure values in or near the corresponding exposed frame of the film associated with a camera. Responsive to an actuation of the camera shutter release member, a pulse-forming circuit produces a pulse signal in a predetermined potential form which drives a switching circuit until the time dependant potential of the pulse signal reaches a threshold level for actuating an electronic switch controlling the period of actuation of a lamp by which said selected indicium is illuminated, whereby the time of exposure of the film to the indicium printing light is maintained constant irrespective of variation of the period of actuation of the camera shutter release member.

Abstract: A flash synchronizing device for use in a photographic camera having a two-blade type shutter comprises first and second switches series-circuited to each other and to a battery circuit for a flash tube and associated with the shutter so that the first switch is closed when the opening blade of the shutter is in a terminal position of running-down movement thereof, and the second switch is opened when the closing blade starts to running-down movement.

Abstract: A shutter device for a camera in which the film has frame perforations, is designed so that the operation means is functionally engaged with the film winding up mechanism in such a manner that the operation lever of the operation means moves as one body with the operation means during the shutter charging operation and is kept in a position which is out of engagement with the shutter charge means by a fixed stopping member during the film winding up operation following the shutter charging after the termination of the shutter charging.

Abstract: A device for setting a camera in which a film presenting one perforation per picture or frame is used characterized in that upon an operation member, for effecting shutter charging and film winding, a shutter charge member is movably provided and that by means of a fixed cam and a shutter stopping member in functional engagement of a film sensing device the shutter charge member is brought into one position at which the shutter charge member engages with the shutter member or in another position at which the shutter charge member disengages from the shutter member.

Abstract: A camera is provided, in which the light sensitive element for the electronic exposure meter can be commonly used as the light sensitive element for the exposure control circuit.