Abstract: An epoxy resin composition for encapsulating a semiconductor chip having an improved flowability, an improved sequential moldability and the like, and additionally having improved characteristics of a cured product thereof, such as an improved mold-releaseability, an improved resistance to reflow soldering heat and the like, and a semiconductor device that is formed by encapsulating a semiconductor chip with the epoxy resin composition. An epoxy resin composition for encapsulating a semiconductor chip containing essential components of: (A) an epoxy resin, (B) a phenolic resin, (C) a cure accelerator, (D)an inorganic filler, (E) a mold releasing agent, (F) a silane coupling agent and (G) a chemical compound having aromatic ring that has hydroxyl groups, each of which is bound to respective two or more adjacent carbon atoms that composes the aromatic ring.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus to which a developing device is detachably attachable, wherein the developing device includes an element necessary for image formation and a memory, includes an image forming unit adapted to form an image; a controller adapted to set an image forming condition, such that a density of the image formed by the image forming unit is a desired density; a storage unit adapted to store in the memory, data regarding a density control result of the controller; a reading unit adapted to read the data stored in the memory; and a determination unit adapted to determine an interval of a density control by the controller based on the data read from the memory.

Abstract: Any reduction in the dignity of image, any increase in the waiting time, any increase in toner consumption and waste toner, etc. are prevented. A memory is provided in a developing device detachably mountable to the main body of an image forming apparatus, and a main body memory is provided in the main body. The last optimum bias stored in the memory in the developing device and the newest development bias are compared with each other, and on the basis of the difference &Dgr;Di therebetween, the interval at which density detection is effected is changed. When &Dgr;Di≧A, the interval is shortened, and when A>&Dgr;Di≧B, the interval is not changed, and when B>&Dgr;Di, the interval is lengthened. Thereby, necessary minimum density control is effected to thereby prevent any reduction in the dignity of image and any increase in the waiting time.

Abstract: A cleaning device for removing toner remaining on an image carrier carrying a toner image after toner on the image carrier has been transferred to another material, the cleaning device including: a conductive brush roller to which a bias voltage of a polarity that is the same as the proper polarity of toner for use in development is applied in order to remove that portion of the toner remaining on the image carrier after the image transfer process whose polarity has become opposite to the proper polarity of toner for use in development; a roller electrode which comes into contact with the bush roller and to which a bias that is of a polarity opposite to that of the brush roller is applied to electrostatically attract the toner adhering to the conductive brush; and scraping device for scraping off the toner adhering to this roller electrode, wherein that portion of the toner remaining on the image carrier after the image transfer process whose polarity has become opposite to the proper polarity of toner is rem

Abstract: A unit detachably attachable to a main body of an image forming apparatus includes developing means for developing a latent image born on an image bearing body and storage means for storing a time which has elapsed from a last developing operation of the developing means.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus has an image bearing member, a developing agent image formed on the image bearing member, and transferring device for transferring the developing agent image onto a recording member. The image bearing member is cleaned, and the developing agent removed therefrom is stored in a container. A detection is performed as to whether or not the quantity of developing agent in the container has reached a predetermined state, and once the result of such detection becomes positive, the number of prints made thereafter is counted. The result of the detection and the result of the count are stored in a memory along with the container, and the image forming operation is controlled in accordance with the stored information. In another embodiment, the memory is stored in an attachable cartridge. The attachable cartridge has an image bearing member, a charger, a developing device, and a cleaning device.

Abstract: A life informing device for a charge body includes a body to be charged, and a charging member for charging the charge body. The charging member is adapted to receive an oscillating voltage and to be in contact with the charge body during the charging operation. Also provided is an informing device for visually or acoustically informing the user whether the charge body reaches the end of the life time thereof, based on an accumulated time of the application time during which the oscillating voltage is applied.

Abstract: In a developing method, a layer of electrically charged toner particles is formed on a surface of a developer carrying member, and magnetic particles which retain on their surfaces electrically charged toner particles are dispersed on the surface of the developing carrying member. The toner particles and magnetic particles are carried on the developing carrying member to a developing position where a surface of an electrostatic latent image bearing member for bearing an electrostatic latent image is opposed with a clearance to the surface of the developer carrying member. An alternating electric field is formed at the developing position against the electrostatic image and chains of magnetic particles are formed by stationary magnetic field generating apparatus disposed behind the developer carrying member.

Abstract: A charging device for charging a moving member to be charged includes a charging member for contact with the member to be charged to which a voltage is applied; wherein the charging member has a volume resistivity of not more than 1.times.10.sup.9 ohm.cm, and a surface resistivity at a surface contactable to the member to be charged not less than 5.times.10 ohm/.quadrature..

Abstract: A charging member for charging a member to be charged includes a blade member having an electrode layer and/or a resistive layer thereon, and a supporting member for supporting the blade member. The blade member is cut into a predetermined size together with the electrode layer and/or the resistive layer after forming the electrode layer and/or the resistive layer. A charging device uses the charging member. A process unit including the charging device is detachable relative to an image forming apparatus.

Abstract: A charging member for charging a body to be charged includes a blade member, a supporting member which supports the blade member, and an electrode layer which is provided on the blade member and is connected to the supporting member. The electrode layer is formed after connecting the blade member to the supporting member. A charging device uses the charging member. A process unit including the charging device is detachable relative to an image forming apparatus.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member for bearing a toner image, movable along an endless path; an original supporting platen for supporting an original: an illumination source for illuminating an original on the supporting platen; an image forming device including a charger, an exposure optical system, including a reciprocable part, for directing a light image of the original on the supporting platen, a developing device and an image transfer device, wherein the reciprocable part moves in a first direction, during an image formation, in which the light image is directed to the image bearing member for image formation thereon and in a second direction, during non-image-formation, for returning the part; wherein the illumination source emits light both during the image formation and during the non-image-formation to direct the light image to the image bearing member, and wherein a developing bias voltage in the developing device is switched depending on whether the apparatus is in the ima

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a cartridge detachably mountable to the image forming apparatus, the cartridge including a movable image bearing member; a charging member having a contact member for contacting to the image bearing member in the cartridge to charge the image bearing member, the contact member is mounted in the image bearing member; a supporting member for supporting the contact member for movement between a first position where the contact member is contacted to the image bearing member and a second position where the contact member is away from the image bearing member; a member actable on the supporting member in accordance with mounting or dismounting of the cartridge relative to the image forming apparatus; wherein upon dismounting of the cartridge, the contact member is moved from the first position to the second position.

Abstract: A developing method including forming a layer of electrically charged toner particles on a surface of the developer carrying member and dispersing magnetic particles retaining on their surfaces electrically charged toner particles on the surface of the developer carrying member, carrying the particles on the developer carrying member to a developing position where a surface of an electrostatic latent image bearing member for bearing an electrostatic latent image is opposed with a clearance to the surface of the developer carrying member, applying an alternating electric field across the clearance and forming the magnetic particles into chains of the magnetic particles by magnetic field generating means disposed behind the developer carrying member, and developing the electrostatic latent image by the charged toner particles on the surface of the developer carrying member and on the surfaces of the magnetic particles.

Abstract: A developing method utilizing a developer including a mixture of magnetic carrier particles and toner particles wherein a stationary layer containing magnetic particles is formed on a developer carrying member in a developer container. The stationary layer is allowed to expand and contract in order to control an area of the developer supplying opening upstream of the stationary layer with respect to movement of the developer carrying member thus stabilizing the toner content in the developer supplied to the developing station.

Abstract: A developing apparatus for developing an electrostatic latent image on an electrostatic latent image bearing member includes a container for containing a developer which contains toner particles and magnetic particles, a developer carrying member, opposed to the electrostatic latent image bearing member, for forming a developing position for supplying the toner particles to the latent image bearing member and for carrying the developer from the container to the developing position, magnetic field generating magnet disposed across the developer carrying member from the latent image bearing member for generating a magentic field, developer regulating member for regulating the developer which contains the toner particles and carrier particles and which is carried to the developing position, wherein the magnetic field generating magnet includes one magnetic pole adjacent an upstream side of the regulating member with respect to a movement direction of the developer carrying member, and wherein a magnetic flux den

Abstract: The present invention relates to a developing apparatus using magnetic carrier particles and toner particles under the influence of an alternating current. One embodiment of the present invention includes a developer which is a mixture of toner particles and resin coated magnetic particles. An alternating electric field is formed between a latent image bearing member and developer carrying member to form a toner image corresponding to an electrostatic latent image. An electric resistivity curve of the magnetic particles on a coordinate graph, where the abscissa represents an electric field E (V/cm) applied to the magnetic particles and the ordinate represents an electric resistivity R (ohm-cm) of the magnetic particles, crosses a zone defined by lines, AB, BD, DC and CA, whereA is a point with coordinates (0.2.times.10.sup.3, 10.sup.11);B is a point with coordinates (2.times.10.sup.3, 3.times.10.sup.9);C is a point with coordinates (0.2.times.103, 10.sup.8); andD is a point with coordinates (2.times.10.sup.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus provided with an image transfer discharger for electrostatically transferring the toner image from an image bearing member to a transfer material. It is further provided with charge removing member for removing charge so as to allow the electrostatically attached transfer material from the image bearing member. The charge removing electrode is supplied with a bias voltage from a power source for the developing device, thus the additional means required for the charge removing electrode is minimized. The discharging electrode extends from a bottom of a recess formed by an insulating member. The recess is larger away from the free end of the discharging electrode toward the outside.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member on which a toner image is formed. The toner image is transferred onto a transfer material by contacting the transfer material to the image bearing member and applying corona discharge to the back side of the transfer material. The present invention is characterized by the charge removing needles to which a particular voltage is applied. The voltage is such that the discharge occurs between the charge removing electrode needles and the back side of the transfer material when it is present, or the surface of the image bearing member when it is absent only when the transfer corona discharger is operated, and therefore, the air surrounding the needles is ionized. Thus, the discharge does not occur when the transfer charger is not operated, but occurs automatically when the transfer charger is operated.