Abstract: A main object is to provide a manufacturing method of an organic EL element having excellent light emission characteristics, and capable of facilitating the organic EL layer patterning operation and obtaining preferable wettability change.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electroluminescent (EL) element comprising at least a substrate, an electrode formed on the substrate and an electric light emitting layer and to a display using this element as pixel unit. The object of the present invention is to provide a display without property deterioration due to heating of the EL layer or remaining of the solvent, and is practical though the thickness of the film is uneven. A display comprising the electroluminescent element, wherein the light emitting region is changed by the applied voltage, as a pixel unit wherein the display is driven by a digital gradation driving method in which a low voltage value at which the pixel dose not emit light is a non-selected state, and a high voltage value at which the light emitting region within the pixel is saturated is a selected state. By using the present invention, though the film thickness is not even, a practical display with excellent gradation control property can be provided.

Abstract: A main object of the present invention is to provide an organic EL element having members such as an organic EL layer formed highly precisely in a pattern with preferable light emission characteristic of the organic EL layer, and a photocatalyst containing coating solution to be used for the production thereof.

Abstract: An optical element, with an improved adhesion strength of the liquid crystal layer, and without substantial deterioration of the optical characteristics (such as transparency deterioration, white turbidity and display irregularity). The optical element has a transparent substrate, an alignment layer, and a liquid crystal layer formed on above-mentioned transparent substrate via the alignment layer. The liquid crystal layer contains an adhesion improving agent; a retardation plate including the above-mentioned optical element; an optical laminated body including the above-mentioned optical element and a polarizing plate; and a display apparatus including the above-mentioned retardation plate or optical laminated body disposed on the optical path.

Abstract: The main object of the present invention is to provide a substrate for an organic EL element using a photocatalyst containing layer, capable of providing an organic EL element having the excellent light emission characteristic. To achieve the object, the invention provides a substrate for an organic EL element comprising a base material, an electrode layer formed on the base material, a photocatalyst containing layer formed on the electrode layer, and a smoothing layer formed on the photocatalyst containing layer.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an electroluminescent element includes forming a hole injecting layer on a first electrode layer a base material with the first electrode layer formed in a pattern; a decomposition removing process of using a photocatalyst treatment layer substrate having at least a photocatalyst treatment layer, placing the base material and the photocatalyst treatment layer substrate facing each other with a gap of 200 ?m or less, decomposing and removing the hole injecting layer, in a pattern, on the base material by irradiating from predetermined direction; forming a light emitting layer on the pattern formed hole injecting layer remaining on the base material; and forming a second electrode layer on the light emitting layer; wherein a contact angle to a liquid of the surface of the hole injecting layer is smaller than the contact angle to a liquid of the surface bared by removing the hole injecting layer.

Abstract: The main object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing an EL element, capable of preferably carrying out the peeling operation at the time of peeling off an unnecessary layer such as a photoresist layer. In order to achieve the object, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing an EL element comprising: an organic EL layer forming process of forming an organic EL layer on a substrate, on which at least an electrode layer is formed; a peeling layer forming process of forming a peeling layer on the organic EL layer; a photoresist layer forming process of forming a photoresist layer on the peeling layer; a photoresist layer patterning process of patterning the photoresist layer by exposing and developing; an organic EL layer developing process of removing the organic EL layer of a part not covered with the photoresist layer; and a peeling layer peeling process of removing the photoresist layer laminated thereon by peeling off the peeling layer.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for manufacturing an EL layer of uniform thickness, causing effective light emission of pixel openings and manufacturing an organic EL display showing sufficient brightness and excellent in practicability, by an ink jet method. Further object is to provide a method and apparatus for manufacturing a color filter excellent in practicability by an ink jet method, in which a dye layer with uniform thickness is formed and optical coloring of uniform tone is conducted at pixel openings.

Abstract: The main object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing an EL element, capable of preventing deterioration of the element characteristic by the developing agent or the rinsing agent, while providing the advantages of the photolithography method of high light emitting efficiency and taking out efficiency, the manufacturing process simplicity, and the highly sophisticated pattern formation. In order to achieve the above mentioned object, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing an organic EL element comprising at least a patterned organic light emitting layer, wherein the patterning is conducted by etching with a protecting layer pattern laminated on an organic light emitting layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electroluminescent (EL) element comprising at least a substrate, an electrode formed on the substrate and an electric light emitting layer and to a display using this element as pixel unit. The object of the present invention is to provide a display without property deterioration due to heating of the EL layer or remaining of the solvent, and is practical though the thickness of the film is uneven. A display comprising the electroluminescent element, wherein the light emitting region is changed by the applied voltage, as a pixel unit wherein the display is driven by a digital gradation driving method in which a low voltage value at which the pixel dose not emit light is a non-selected state, and a high voltage value at which the light emitting region within the pixel is saturated is a selected state. By using the present invention, though the film thickness is not even, a practical display with excellent gradation control property can be provided.

Abstract: In a halftone phase shifting photomask 108, having a pattern of halftone phase shifting film 102 containing at least chromium and fluorine, the halftone phase shifting film is heat-treated at a temperature between 250° C. and 500° C. so that a change of the optical property of the film produced by the application of excimer laser for exposure to the film is decreased.

Abstract: The main object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing an EL element which can manufacture the EL element efficiently even in a case where patterning of a hole injecting layer is difficult and the hole injecting layer is needed to be formed on the entire surface of a substrate.

Abstract: The main object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing an EL element capable of :preventing the state in which number of excessive layers are laminated on each light emitting part formed in a pattern at the time of forming the light emitting parts using the photolithography method; executing the peeling treatment easily and quickly in the excessive layer peeling process; and preventing generation of color mixture or pixel narrowing derived from the elution of the patterned light emitting part into the light emitting layer coating solution to be coated later, at the end part thereof, at the time of coating a light emitting layer coating solution.

Abstract: The invention relates to a halftone phase shift photomask whose transmittance and phase angle remain unchanged even when irradiated with an excimer laser used for exposure over an extended period of time, and a blank therefor, and provides a halftone phase shift mask 108 comprising a pattern of halftone phase shift film 102 containing at least chromium and fluorine on a transparent substrate 101, wherein optical characteristic changes upon irradiation with an exposure excimer laser have been reduced by patterning a film irradiated with light 109 having a wavelength substantially absorbed by halftone phase shift film 102.

Abstract: There is provided an organic electroluminescent display having excellent practicality that can be produced by a simple method which does not cause electrode breaking and can realize even thickness of an electroluminescent layer. There is also provided a pattern formed object having a coating as an electroluminescent layer or the like having even thickness, for an electroluminescent element, formed using a coating liquid and provided in each area surrounded by partition walls provided on a substrate. The electroluminescent display comprises at least a substrate, an electrode provided on the substrate, protrusions which each are provided on the substrate so as to cover the ends of the electrode and are convexly curved in section relatively to the surface of the substrate, and an electroluminescent layer provided in each opening which is located on the electrode and defined by adjacent protrusions.

Abstract: In a halftone phase shifting photomask 108, having a pattern of halftone phase shifting film 102 containing at least chromium and fluorine, the halftone phase shifting film is heat-treated at a temperature between 250° C. and 500° C.

Abstract: A new and useful computer system facilitates simplification of computer programs establishing a dedicated computer system adapted to a specific task, and makes it easy to program and to modify already established programs. The simple and easy method for establishing an application adapted dedicated computer system, operable on a plurality of data items for performing a plurality of functional processes for the data items, comprises the steps of establishing a plurality of program segments, each of to is exclusively assigned for one of the data items and has process content exclusively corresponding to one of the functional processes, and establishing a governing program for establishing systematic interrelationships between the program segments for performing a sequence of processes adapted to the dedicated application.