Abstract: The invention provides a joined body of a first member made of a metal and a second member made of a ceramic or a cermet. The joined body comprises a joining portion interposed between the first member and the second member for joining the first and second members. The joining portion comprises a main phase contacting the first member and an intermediate ceramic layer existing between the second member and the main phase as well as contacting the second member. The main phase is composed of a porous bone structure, having open pores and made of a sintered product of metal powder, and having a ceramic phase impregnated into the open pores of the porous bone structure. The joined structure has fatigue and fracture resistance, even when the structure is subjected to repeated thermal cycles between a high temperature, for example 1000° C. or higher, and room temperature.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to reduce the adverse effects due to a difference of thermal expansion between a conductive sealing member and a light-emitting vessel and to provide a reliable high pressure mercury lamp, even when the lamp is operated at a high pressure. The lamp has a light-emitting vessel 16 of quartz and having end portions, an electrode member 10 contained in the vessel 16, and a conductive sealing member 7A. The sealing member 7A is fixed in the end portion and connected to the electrode member 10. The conductive member is composed of a sintered body made from silica granules each having a coating of a metal or a metal compound. The sintered body has a conductive network structure made of the metal and having a content of the metal of not higher than 20 volume percent.

Abstract: The present invention provides a joined body having a first member 7, a second member 4 and a joining material 14 interposed between the first and second members. The joining material has a porous bone structure 15 with open pores and made of a sintered product of metal powder and impregnated phase 10 impregnated into the open pores. The impregnated phase 10 includes an oxynitride glass. The joined body has improved resistance against fatigue and fracture, even when the body is subjected to thermal cycles between high and room temperatures and held at a high temperature over a long period of time.

Abstract: A light emitting element comprises a housing formed by allowing respective first principal surfaces of a rectangular upper housing member made of glass material and having a recess at a central portion on its first principal surface and a rectangular lower housing member made of glass material and having a recess at a central portion on its first principal surface as well to make contact with each other so that they are thermally glued by pressing under a pressure in a predetermined atmosphere; a cavity formed by the respective recesses in the housing and enclosed with at least one of a gas and a light emitting substance; and two lead wires confronted with each other with the cavity interposed therebetween. Accordingly, it is possible to simultaneously realize the integration and the miniaturization of the electronic tube and present the display expression for information transmission at a high brightness.

Abstract: The invention provides a joined body of a first member made of a metal and a second member made of a ceramic or a cermet. The joined body comprises a joining portion interposed between the first member and the second member for joining the first and second members. The joining portion comprises main phase contacting the first member and an intermediate ceramic layer existing between the second member and the main phase and contacting the second member. The main phase is composed of a porous bone structure, having open pores and is made of a sintered product of metal powder, and a ceramic phase impregnated into the open pores in the porous bone structure. The joined structure has resistance to fatigue and fracture, even when the structure is subjected to repeated thermal cycles between a high temperature, for example 1000° C. or higher, and room temperature.

Abstract: A metal-made seamless pipe is provided, containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of metals each having a melting point of 1,600° C. or more, and has a porosity of 0.3 to 25%. The porosity is defined as a ratio of the open pores present at the outer surface of the pipe to the total surface area of the outer surface of the pipe. The open pores do not include through-pores perforating to the inner surface of the pipe. A process for producing such a metal-made seamless pipe is also provided. The metal-made seamless pipe is low in processability but can be produced having a small thickness and a small inner diameter, having superior mechanical strength and gastightness, and can be suitably used as a sealing member of a translucent vessel of a high-pressure discharge lamp.

Abstract: A joined structure and joining method of a member of a ceramics or a cermet and a member of a metal such as molybdenum, in which the members may be joined with a high strength, the joined structure has improved air-tightness and resistance to corrosion and repeated thermal cycles does not result in the fracture of the joined structure. A joined body comprises a joining portion 6 interposed between a first member, made of a metal, and a second member 4, made of a ceramics or a cermet, for joining the first and second members. The joining portion 6 comprises main phase 14 contacting the first member and an intermediate glass layer 13 existing between the second member 4 and the main phase 14. The main phase 14 is composed of a porous bone structure 15, with open pores and made of a sintered product of metal powder, and glass phase 10 impregnated into the open pores in the porous bone structure.

Abstract: The invention provides a joined body of a first member 7 made of a metal and a second member 4 made of a ceramic or a cermet. The joined body comprises a joining portion 6 interposed between the first member 7 and the second member 4 for joining the member 7 and the member 4. The joining portion 6 comprises main phase 14 contacting the first member 7 and an intermediate ceramic layer 13 existing between the second member and the main phase 14 as well as contacting the second member 4. The main phase 14 is composed of a porous bone structure, with open pores and made of a sintered product of metal powder, and ceramic phase impregnated into the open pores in the porous bone structure. Herewith, the joined structure has resistance to fatigue and fracture, even when the structure is subjected to repeated thermal cycles between a high temperature, for example 1000° C. or higher, and room temperature.

Abstract: A ceramic discharge vessel 1 is used having end portions and an inner space formed therein to be filled with an ionizable light emitting substance and a starter gas. The end portion 2 has an inner wall surface 2b facing an opening formed in the end portion 2. A hollow portion 7 is formed in the conductive member 6. The conductive member 6 is inserted into the opening of the end portion 2 of the vessel 1. A joining layer joins the inner wall surface 2b of the end portion 2 and the outer surface 6a of the conductive member 6. A recess 3 facing the opening is formed in the end portion 2, and the recess 3 extends circumferentially with respect to the central axis “X” of the vessel 1. When the conductive member is inserted into the opening of the end portion of the vessel and joined, the adherence or residue of joining material onto the end face or inner surface of the conductive member may be prevented.

Abstract: A metal-made seamless pipe is provided, containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of metals each having a melting point of 1,600° C. or more, and has a porosity of 0.3 to 25%. The porosity is defined as a ratio of the open pores present at the outer surface of the pipe to the total surface area of the outer surface of the pipe. The open pores do not include through-pores perforating to the inner surface of the pipe. A process for producing such a metal-made seamless pipe is also provided. The metal-made seamless pipe is low in processability but can be produced having a small thickness and a small inner diameter, having superior mechanical strength and gastightness, and can be suitably used as a sealing member of a translucent vessel of a high-pressure discharge lamp.

Abstract: A high pressure discharge lamp 1A has a light emitting vessel 2A made of a semitransparent ceramic material and having a pair of end portions 2a each with an opening formed in the end portion and a light emitting portion 2a, a pair of discharge electrodes 5, and electrode supporting members 4 each supporting the electrode 5 and fixed to the end portion 2a. The vessel 2A defines an inner space 6 with an ionizable light emitting substance and starter gas filled in the inner space 6. The electrodes 5 are contained in the inner space 6. The light emitting portion 2b has a thicker portion 2g and a thinner portion 2c. The thinner portion 2c has a cross sectional area of not smaller than 35 percent and not larger than 80 percent of that of the thicker portion 2g so that the light emitting portion 2b has a brightness center 9 in the thinner portion 2c.

Abstract: A ceramic polycrystal and a method of manufacturing such a ceramic polycrystal having thermal stability enough to be used in an arc tube are provided. The ceramic polycrystal has crystalline particles. Each of crystalline particles has a crystalline structure selected from triclinc, monoclinic, rhombi, tetragonal, trigonal, and hexagonal systems, with an average grain size being not less than 5 &mgr;m and a linear transmittance being not less than 8%.

Abstract: A vessel has a main body and a plugging members made of alumina. First composite electrode has a cylindrical current conductor having substantially same diameter as a diameter of the opening portion at one end of the vessel, and an electrode jointed by welded at a bottom of the current conductor exposed to inside of the vessel. The current conductor of the first composite electrodes has a cylindrical member made of alumina and a metallization layer made of molybdenum and alumina. A ceramic discharge tube is made in that the vessel and a first composite electrode have been subjected to a co-firing into an integrated body, with the first composite electrode inserted into the opening portion at one end of the vessel so that the electrode is exposed to the inner space with one end of the first composite electrode is exposed to outside of the vessel.

Abstract: A metal-made seamless pipe contains, as a main component, at least one kind of metal selected from the group consisting of metals each having a melting point of 1,600° C. or more. The metal-made seamless pipe has a porosity of 0.3 to 25% when the porosity is defined as a proportion of the open pores not perforating in the thickness direction of the pipe, present at the outer surface of the pipe, to the total area (100%) of the outer surface of the pipe; and a process for producing such a metal-made seamless pipe. The metal-made seamless pipe is low in processability but can be produced in a small thickness and a small inner diameter, is superior in mechanical strengths and gastightness, and can be suitably used as a sealing member of a translucent vessel of a high-pressure discharge lamp.

Abstract: A high pressure discharge lamp comprises a vessel made of a non-conductive material which forms an inner space filled with an ionizable light-emitting material and a starting gas. The vessel has an opening portion at one end thereof. A tubular member is arranged at the opening portion of the vessel and has an outer diameter which is substantially the same as an inner diameter of the first opening portion. An electrode unit is inserted into the tubular member and has an outer diameter which is smaller than an inner diameter of the tubular member. A stopper is arranged between the tubular member and the electrode unit and has an outer diameter which is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the tubular member. The stopper has a hole into which the electrode unit is inserted. A frit seal is filled in a gap which is formed by the tubular member, the stopper and the electrode unit. The stopper defines an inner end position of the frit seal in the tubular member.

Abstract: A high pressure discharge lamp comprises a ceramic tube having axial ends and forming a closed inner space which is filled with an ionizable light-emitting material and a starting gas. Non-conductive members are inserted into the respective ends of the ceramic tube. A conductive member has one end which protrudes into the inner space of the ceramic tube. The non-conductive member and the conductive member are tightly jointed with each other by a jointing means which includes at least two thermal buffer layers successively stacked between the non-conductive member and the conductive member in the axial direction of the ceramic tube. The non-conductive member, thermal buffer layers and conductive member have respective coefficients of thermal expansion which change gradually from the coefficient of thermal expansion of the non-conductive member to that of the conductive member.

Abstract: The invention provides a joined body of a first member 7 made of a metal and a second member 4 made of a ceramic or a cermet. The joined body comprises a joining portion 6 interposed between the first member 7 and the second member 4 for joining the member 7 and the member 4. The joining portion 6 comprises main phase 14 contacting the first member 7 and an intermediate ceramic layer 13 existing between the second member and the main phase 14 as well as contacting the second member 4. The main phase 14 is composed of a porous bone structure, with open pores and made of a sintered product of metal powder, and ceramic phase impregnated into the open pores in the porous bone structure. Herewith, the joined structure has resistance to fatigue and fracture, even when the structure is subjected to repeated thermal cycles between a high temperature, for example 1000° C. or higher, and room temperature.

Abstract: A joined structure and joining method of a member of a ceramics or a cermet and a member of a metal such as molybdenum, in which the members may be joined with a high strength, the joined structure has improved air-tightness and resistance to corrosion and repeated thermal cycles does not result in the fracture of the joined structure.

Abstract: A light emission display having a housing including at least two glass members thermally glued to one another at a predetermined atmospheric pressure to form a plurality of cavities inside the housing, and at least one of a gas and a light emitting substance contained within the cavities. Electrodes are located between the glass members and protrude into each cavity in only a coplanar manner with respect to a main surface of one of the glass members. An input signal is supplied to the electrodes resulting in selective light emission from the cavities.

Abstract: A high pressure discharge lamp comprises a vessel made of a non-conductive material which forms an inner space filled with an ionizable light-emitting material and a starting gas, the vessel having first and second opening portions at both ends thereof, and a non-conductive member inserted into the first opening portion of the vessel and having an outer diameter which is smaller than the inner diameter of the first opening portion so as to form a gap between the vessel and the non-conductive member, the non-conductive member further having a hole. An electrode unit is inserted into the hole of the non-conductive member, the electrode unit has a first end which is exposed to the inner space of the vessel, and a second end which is exposed to outside of the vessel. An starting electrode is arranged in the gap between the vessel and the non-conductive member, and has a first end which is exposed to the inner space, and a second end which is exposed to outside of the vessel.