Abstract: The invention relates to the field of thermal processing of articles consisting of steel and iron-based alloys with a carbon content of up to 4.3% by weight. In order to reduce the duration of the technological processes used for producing articles consisting of iron-based alloys with a set structural state, the first variant of the method comprises heating the articles so as to form austenite and then cooling, which is performed under conditions which ensure the formation, in the structure of the alloy, of regions of austenite with a chemical composition similar to eutectoid with the subsequent formation in said regions of marinite and a set structural state so as to produce perlite with a different degree of dispersion and/or hardened structures.