Abstract: An intervertebral implant may include an input for expanding at least two extendable support elements connected to a body at respective locations, such that the extendable support elements each apply a respective expansion force directed away from a surface of the body. Application of a single input force to the input may induce the extendable support elements to apply different amounts of expansion force. Alternatively or additionally, an intervertebral implant may include at least two portions connected together by a hinge for articulation about the hinge. In one aspect, the hinge may include at least two rigid links each pivotably connected to the two portions. In another aspect, a rigid link of the hinge may include a passageway for communicating a hydraulic fluid between the two portions. A locking system may be positionable into successive locked configurations by operation of a cam to prevent contraction of an extendable support element.

Abstract: A spinal interbody device (IBD) includes a solid wall that at least partially defines a boundary of the IBD and a porous body connected to the solid wall. The porous body includes a plurality of sections that form at least a portion of both a superior and inferior bone interface side of the IBD. Each section of the porous body has a different porosity than an adjacent section such that the porosities increase toward a center of the IBD.

Abstract: A system for implanting an expandable interbody implant into an intervertebral space includes an elongated tool, the distal end of which is removably securable to the implant. The proximal end of the tool has an attachment interface for detachable securement to a plurality of different modules, each of which is adapted to effectuate a different function of the delivery system. The different functions include: grasping the implant delivery tool, providing an impaction surface for driving the advancement of the implant, supplying a graft material into the implant, and actuating the expansion of the implant. One of the modules may include a fluid delivery system for supplying hydraulic fluid to expand the implant. A fluid reservoir of the fluid delivery system may be oriented transverse to the cannula that delivers the fluid to the implant. A grafting block can be used to help pre-pack the implant with graft material.

Abstract: A spinal implant for placement between vertebral bodies includes a first member for engaging one of the vertebral bodies, a second member for engaging an opposing one of the vertebral bodies, and at least one extendable support element for inducing movement of the entire first member away from the second member. The first member is connected to the second member such that the first member moves away from the second member by a larger distance at a first end of the implant than at a second end of the implant. A connecting member may connect the first and second members together at the second end of the implant. The connecting member may include one or more rotatable linkages, or the connecting member may be an extension of one of the first and second members slidably received within a track defined within the other of the first and second members.

Abstract: A spinal interbody device (IBD) includes a solid wall that at least partially defines a boundary of the IBD and a porous body connected to the solid wall. The porous body includes a plurality of sections that form at least a portion of both a superior and inferior bone interface side of the IBD. Each section of the porous body has a different porosity than an adjacent section such that the porosities increase toward a center of the IBD.

Abstract: A method of inserting a fastener includes positioning a portion of a stylet within a cannulated shaft of the fastener, advancing a tip of the stylet through a first bone and into a second bone, advancing a leading end of the fastener along the stylet through the first bone and into the second bone, and removing the stylet from the cannulated shaft of the fastener and the bone. In another embodiment, a method of inserting a fastener includes positioning a portion of a stylet within a cannulated shaft of the fastener, advancing a tip of the stylet into a bone to a first depth without advancing the fastener into the bone, advancing a leading end of the fastener along the stylet into the bone to a second depth without further advancing the stylet into the bone, and removing the stylet from the cannulated shaft of the fastener and the bone.

Abstract: A system for implanting an expandable interbody implant into an intervertebral space includes an elongated tool, the distal end of which is removably securable to the implant. The proximal end of the tool has an attachment interface for detachable securement to a plurality of different modules, each of which is adapted to effectuate a different function of the delivery system. The different functions include: grasping the implant delivery tool, providing an impaction surface for driving the advancement of the implant, supplying a graft material into the implant, and actuating the expansion of the implant. One of the modules may include a fluid delivery system for supplying hydraulic fluid to expand the implant. A fluid reservoir of the fluid delivery system may be oriented transverse to the cannula that delivers the fluid to the implant. A grafting block can be used to help pre-pack the implant with graft material.

Abstract: A spinal implant for placement between vertebral bodies includes a first member for engaging one of the vertebral bodies, a second member for engaging an opposing one of the vertebral bodies, and at least one extendable support element for inducing movement of the entire first member away from the second member. The first member is connected to the second member such that the first member moves away from the second member by a larger distance at a first end of the implant than at a second end of the implant. A connecting member may connect the first and second members together at the second end of the implant. The connecting member may include one or more rotatable linkages, or the connecting member may be an extension of one of the first and second members slidably received within a track defined within the other of the first and second members.

Abstract: A mount assembly for use with a navigable tracker. The mount assembly includes a frame defining a seat, a coupler operatively attached to the frame for releasably securing to the navigable tracker, and a guide defining a bore and arranged in the seat for selective pivoting movement about a pivot point disposed within the bore. An anchor having a shank is arranged for selective sliding engagement with the bore. A guide lock is coupled to the frame and is selectively operable between: a locked configuration to restrict movement of both the anchor and the guide relative to the frame, and a released configuration to simultaneously permit pivoting movement of the anchor relative to the frame about the pivot point and translational movement of the anchor relative to the guide through the bore.

Abstract: Hydraulically expandable spinal rods and methods of use thereof are disclosed. The spinal rod may include a piston rod, a static rod, and a hydraulic pressure chamber for accepting hydraulic fluid and causing the piston rod to move in an expansion direction relative to the static rod. Upon connection of the piston and static rods to a patient's spinal column, the hydraulic spinal rod may be expanded to aid in correction of an underlying spinal deformity.

Abstract: Implants including non-resorbable frameworks and resorbable components, as well as methods of use thereof are disclosed. The embodiments include different combinations of a non-resorbable framework (in some case structural and in other cases non-structural), and a resorbable component embedded within and/or around the framework (again, in some cases structural and in other cases non-structural). The disclosed implants provide an efficient means of providing structural support for the vertebral bodies post-implantation, as well as encouraging resorption of the implant and fusion of the associated vertebral bodies without negative side effects and/or failure, such as subsidence of the implant or cracking/fracturing of a portion of the implant when implanted.

Abstract: A stylet control system for selectively advancing and retracting a stylet includes a stylet having a first end and a second end, the second end being threaded, a screwdriver defining a bore for receiving a portion of the stylet and having a screw-engaging end for engaging a screw, the stylet being rotationally fixed relative to the screwdriver. The system includes a control device having a passage for receiving the screwdriver and having an inner portion defining a lumen for receiving the portion of the stylet, the inner portion being threaded for engaging the threaded second end of the stylet, when the screwdriver is rotated in the first rotation direction and the control device is prevented from rotating, the screwdriver advances the screw in the first axial direction and the stylet retracts in a second axial direction, opposite the first axial direction.

Abstract: Implants including non-resorbable frameworks and resorbable components, as well as methods of use thereof are disclosed. The embodiments include different combinations of a non-resorbable framework (in some case structural and in other cases non-structural), and a resorbable component embedded within and/or around the framework (again, in some cases structural and in other cases non-structural). The disclosed implants provide an efficient means of providing structural support for the vertebral bodies post-implantation, as well as encouraging resorption of the implant and fusion of the associated vertebral bodies without negative side effects and/or failure, such as subsidence of the implant or cracking/fracturing of a portion of the implant when implanted.

Abstract: An expandable rod system includes a first rod portion having an internal cavity, a second rod portion sealingly positioned within the internal cavity of the first rod portion and moveable in a first axial direction relative to the first rod portion, and an osmotic chamber for receiving an osmotic agent to facilitate movement of the second rod portion to expand the rod system. The rod system includes a lock assembly engageable with the second rod portion to prevent the second rod portion from moving in a second axial direction. The lock assembly includes a tapered ramped portion and a bearing member that is moveable within the tapered ramped portion such that when compression forces are imparted on the second rod portion, the bearing member becomes wedged in the tapered ramped portion.

Abstract: A virtual surgical cutting guide may have first and second slots defining first and second axes respectively. The virtual surgical cutting guide may be positioned away from a vertebral body such that the first and second axes intersect at a distal point located in an interior of the vertebral body. The virtual surgical cutting guide may include the virtual surgical cutting guide with first and second cutting instruments. A method of performing a pedicle subtraction osteotomy may include the steps of placing the virtual surgical cutting guide over the first and second cutting instruments.

Abstract: A surgical tool for use with a drill bit to prevent skiving at an implant insertion site on a bone includes a cannulated sleeve having a distal end defining a burr surface. The distal end may be detachable from a body of the cannulated sleeve. The tool may be used with more than one distal end, each of the distal ends defining a burr surface having a different cutting surface from the others. The tool may form a system that includes the drill bit.

Abstract: A surgical tool for use with a drill bit to prevent skiving at an implant insertion site on a bone includes a cannulated sleeve having a distal end defining a burr surface. The distal end may be detachable from a body of the cannulated sleeve. The tool may be used with more than one distal end, each of the distal ends defining a burr surface having a different cutting surface from the others. The tool may form a system that includes the drill bit.

Abstract: A device for loading bone graft material into a delivery tube is provided herein. The device includes a housing defining a reservoir for receiving bone graft, a magazine at least partially disposed within the housing, and an actuation member coupled to the housing for discharging the bone graft material into the delivery tube. The magazine defines a first chamber and a second chamber and is moveable between a first position in which the first chamber is in communication with the reservoir and a second position in which the second chamber is in communication with the reservoir. The actuation member includes a plunger configured to slide into the first chamber and the second chamber to discharge bone graft material, when bone graft material is contained therein, into the delivery tube. Methods of loading bone graft material are also provided.

Abstract: Tool assemblies and methods are disclosed, such as for robotic-assisted surgery with a robot. The tool assembly includes a working tool (44) sized to be coaxially movable within the dilator (60). A locking mechanism (70) releasably couples the working tool (44) and the dilator (60) to one another such that, in a locked configuration, the robot supports the tool assembly. An actuator (86) is configured to receive an input to move the locking mechanism to an unlocked configuration and permit axial movement of the working tool within the dilator. The dilator (60) may include at least one spike (104) disposed within the grooves (128) to penetrate bone. The dilator (60) may include an inner sleeve and outer sleeve coaxially movable relative to one another to move the tool assembly from an initial configuration to a deployed configuration in which the spikes are exposed beyond the sleeve(s). Methods of preparing a pedicle of the spine with the tool assembly with robotic assistance are also disclosed.