Abstract: An apparatus is provided for generating X-ray radiation in an outer magnetic field, which may be generated by a magnetic field device. The apparatus includes a cathode configured to generate an electron beam and an anode configured to retard the electrons of the electron beam and generate an X-ray beam. The apparatus further includes a device configured to generate an electric field orientated from the anode in the direction of the cathode and substantially collinear to the outer magnetic field, wherein the cathode, as an electron emitter, includes a cold cathode that passively provides free electrons by field emission.

Abstract: A high-voltage electrostatic generator has an assembly of concentric electrically conductive half-shells separated by an equatorial gap, essentially with cylindrical symmetry about an axis. Adjacent to the equatorial gap, edge regions of at least a selected subset of the half-shells are shaped.

Abstract: The invention relates to a metal jet x-ray tube which is less affected by the problem of the power density at the point of impact of the electron beam on the anode component than conventional tubes. For this purpose the metal jet x-ray tube has a metal jet (6) as anode component (7), which metal jet is so thin that an electron beam (4) impinging on the metal jet (6) is only partially decelerated by the metal jet. Furthermore a blade cathode is provided as a cathode component (3), which blade cathode comprises a cathode blade (10) directed with a slight inclination downwards in the direction of the liquid metal jet (6) of the anode component (7).

Abstract: A spark gap including a capacitive energy store is provided. The spark gap is fed via a multiplicity of capacitors arranged in a form of a ring, wherein the capacitors are electrically connected to the anode and the cathode via ring-shaped and conical or funnel-shaped conductors. As a result, sudden changes in impedance can be avoided. At the same time, it is possible to realize as large a cross-sectional area of the conductor as possible within a very small space. Therefore, the spark gap has a switching response with a high rate of rise of the voltage pulse as soon as the spark gaps flash over. This results in an easily predictable switching response of the spark gap. The spark gap can be used, for example, to generate pulses of monochromatic X-ray radiation.

Abstract: An x-ray source in which monochromatic x-rays can be produced is provided. A method for producing X-rays and to the use of the x-ray source for x-raying bodies is also provided. A metallic film is arranged in a housing as a target which is bombarded with the electron beam. As a result, the metallic film is excited for emitting monochromatic x-rays, the relatively thin-walled target being modified such that the intended use for producing monochromatic x-rays is no longer possible. Therefore, advantageously, the production device can be pivoted for producing the electron beam as well as being able to wind the target on rollers.

Abstract: A method for producing a reaction product containing 99mTC may include providing 100Mo-metal targets to be irradiated, irradiating the 100Mo-metal target with a proton stream having an energy for the induction of a 100Mo(p, 2n)99mTC core reaction, heating the 100Mo-metal target to over 300° C., recovering incurred 99mTc in a sublimation-extraction process with the aid of oxygen gas which is conducted over the 100 Mo-metal target forming 99mTc-Technetium oxide. Further, a device for producing the reaction product containing 99mTc may include a 100Mo metal target, an acceleration unit for providing a proton stream, which can be directed to the 100Mo-Metal target, such that a 100Mo(p, 2n)99mTC core reaction is induced upon irradiation of the 100Mo-metal target by the proton stream, a gas supply line for conducting oxygen gas onto the irradiated 100Mo-metal target to form 99mTC-Technetium oxide, and a gas discharge line to discharge the sublimated 99mTC-Technetium oxide.

Abstract: An RF power combiner functioning as a higher-order harmonics filter comprises: at least one pair of coaxially arranged disc-shaped metal conductors, at least one of the conductors having a central axial opening to accommodate a waveguide is provided. Facing surfaces of the disk-shaped metal conductors are shaped symmetrically with respect to the plane of symmetry of the disk-shaped metal conductors to form a plurality of consecutive, radially communicating concentric cavities having isosceles trapezoids with different bases in section. The smaller base of each trapezoid disposed closer to the central axis. The number of the concentric cavities is (2 k+1), where K is the number of signal harmonics being filtered.

Abstract: A spark gap comprising a cathode and an anode is provided. The spark gap is divided into two partial spark gaps by means of a central piece, namely a high-pressure spark gap and an effective spark gap. The effective spark gap can for example, be used to generate monochromatic x-rays. In order to guarantee a defined switching time, the high pressure spark gap which is initially switched to defined, is used. The switching initiates a potential so high on the centre piece that, when the high pressure spark gap is switched, the effective spark gap can also be switched in a defined manner without significant delays, to a visibly higher voltage.

Abstract: A system and method for supplying an energy grid with energy from an intermittent renewable energy source having a production unit for producing Hydrogen, Nitrogen, and Oxygen. The production unit is operated by using energy provided by the renewable energy source. An Oxygen storage receives and stores Oxygen produced by the production unit, a mixing unit receives and mixes the Hydrogen and the Nitrogen produced by the production unit to form a Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture, an Ammonia source receives and processes the Hydrogen-Nitrogen-mixture for generating a gas mixture containing Ammonia, an Ammonia power generator generates energy for the energy grid. The Ammonia power generator is fluidly connected to the Ammonia storage vessel, is configured to combust the received Ammonia in a combustion chamber to generate the energy, and is fluidly connected to the Oxygen storage to introduce Oxygen into the combustion chamber for combustion of Ammonia.

Abstract: An x-ray source comprising a housing, in which a target in the form of an ionized cloud based on metal vapor is provided. The ionized cloud can be excited by means of an electron beam for emitting monochromatic x-rays. The low atom density advantageously produces only a little braking radiation. The robustness of the plasma with respect to the inevitable thermal energy input is also advantageous with respect to the solid target materials. The cloud can be filled at any time with target material which can be vaporized by means of an electric arc. A method for producing x-rays with the above-mentioned x-ray source is also provided. The use of an x-ray source for emitting monochromatic x-rays for x-raying a body is further provided.

Abstract: A system and method for load balancing of intermittent renewable energy for an electricity grid includes a production unit for producing Hydrogen and Nitrogen, a mixing unit to receive and mix the Hydrogen and the Nitrogen, an Ammonia source for receiving and processing the Hydrogen-Nitrogen mixture, an Ammonia power generator for generating energy for the energy grid, a Hydrogen injection system for extracting a Hydrogen portion from a stage of the system and for adding extracted Hydrogen to the gas stream to be provided to the Ammonia power generator, and a Hydrogen control system for controlling a flow rate of Hydrogen from the Hydrogen injection system to the gas stream to be provided to the Ammonia power generator, the flow rate determined in accordance with a data set which contains information about actual working conditions of the Ammonia power generator and which is received by the Hydrogen control system.

Abstract: A detector for radiation, particularly high energy electromagnetic radiation is provided. The detector includes a converting section including a cathode for converting the radiation incident on the converting section in electrons by the photoelectric effect. The detector further includes a gas electron multiplier for generating an electron avalanche from electrons which are generated by the converting section and enter the gas electron multiplier, the gas electron multiplier including a first electrode, a dielectric layer and a second electrode, the first electrode being disposed at a first side of the dielectric layer adjacent to the converting section and the second electrode being disposed at a second side of the dielectric layer opposite to the first side. The gas electron multiplier includes a number of holes filled with gas, the holes extending through the first electrode, the dielectric layer and the second electrode.

Abstract: A deflection plate for deflecting charged particles, the plate comprising a recess is provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to an HF resonator comprising a cylindrical cavity made of a dielectric material. An inner face of the cavity has an electrically conductive coating which is divided into a first inner coating and a second inner coating by an electrically insulating gap that encircles a lateral face of the cavity in an annular manner. An outer face of the cavity has an electrically conductive first outer coating and an electrically conductive second outer coating. The first outer coating and the second outer coating are electrically insulated from each other. The HF resonator comprises a device that is provided for applying a high-frequency electric voltage between the first outer coating and the second outer coating.

Abstract: A method for producing 99mTc may include: providing a solution comprising 100Mo-molybdate-ions; providing a proton beam having an energy suitable for inducing a 100Mo(p,2n)99mTc-nuclear reaction when exposing 100Mo-molybdate-ions; exposing the solution to the proton beams and inducing a 100Mo(p,2n)99mTc-nuclear reaction; and applying an extraction method for extracting the 99mTc from the solution. Further, a device for producing 99mTc may include: a solution with 100Mo-molybdate-ions; an accelerator for providing a proton beam with energy which is suitable for inducing a 100Mo(p,2n)99mTc-nuclear reaction when exposing 100Mo-molybdate-ions, for exposing the solution and for inducing a 100Mo(p,2n)99mTc-nuclear reaction; and an extraction step for extracting 99mTc from the solution.

Abstract: X-ray sources and production of X-rays, in particular, producing monochromatic x-rays is provided. More specifically, a method for producing X-rays and the use of the X-ray source for x-raying bodies (for example human bodies). An aerogel, for example in the form of a rod, may be provided in a housing as a target. Said target may be bombarded with an electron beam, the aerogel being vaporized due to the extreme low density and the high energy. As a result, the target is guided by means of a roller such that an unused target for producing, in particular, the monochromatic X-rays, is always available.

Abstract: Example minimalist magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radio frequency (RF) coils that are connected to off coil circuitry by capacitive coupling plates are described. A min-imalist MRI RF coil may have some elements that form a traditional coil located off the coil in off coil circuitry. An MR procedure may involve a number of minimalist MRI RF coils that are moved through an excitation zone as a patient is moved through the excitation zone. Example minimalist MRI RF coils may be selectively connected to off coil circuitry while the coils are in the excitation zone. The coupling may be made by capacitive coupling plates. Unlike conventional systems, example systems have capacitive coupling plates with properties that facilitate maintaining a constant capacitance between a coupling plate associated with the coil and coupling plates associated with the off coil circuitry as the coupling plates move relative to each other.

Abstract: An HF generator has first and second solid-state switches. Each of the solid-state switches has first and second output connectors and is designed to switch a high-frequency electrical current between the first and second output connectors. Furthermore, the HF generator has a coaxial cable with first and second conductors. The first conductor successively has a first section and a second section in the longitudinal direction of the coaxial cable which are separated from one another by a first break point. The first output connector of the first solid-state switch is conductively connected to the second conductor, and the second output connector of the first solid-state switch is conductively connected to the first section. In addition, the first output connector of the second solid-state switch is conductively connected to the first section, and the second output connector of the second solid-state switch is conductively connected to the second section.

Abstract: An RF generator has a hollow conductor having a conductive wall. The wall has a first slot, over which a first solid-state switch is arranged in order to apply a radiofrequency electrical voltage through the first slot.

Abstract: A device for coupling RF power into a waveguide includes a push-pull output stage that includes an input and an output, a filter arrangement that is connected to the output of the push-pull output stage, and an induction loop that is connected to the filter arrangement is provided.