Abstract: An internal combustion engine has an intake duct, at least one cylinder that takes in air via the intake duct and an exhaust gas duct, in which the exhaust gas catalytic converter is located, and into which the combusted air/fuel mixture is ejected from at least one cylinder. Depending on measurement values that are determined by sensors, input signals for the control of actuators of the internal combustion engine are generated by means of control functions based on torsional moment and by means of a dynamic charging model of the intake duct. A measurement is determined, which characterizes the difference of a desired air mass flow into the respective cylinder from an actual air mass flow into the cylinder. Depending on the measurement, a proper or improper heating up of the exhaust gas catalytic converter is identified.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has an intake duct, at least one cylinder that takes in air via the intake duct and an exhaust gas duct, in which the exhaust gas catalytic converter is located, and into which the combusted air/fuel mixture is ejected from at least one cylinder. Depending on measurement values that are determined by sensors, input signals for the control of actuators of the internal combustion engine are generated by means of control functions based on torsional moment and by means of a dynamic charging model of the intake duct. A measurement is determined, which characterizes the difference of a desired air mass flow into the respective cylinder from an actual air mass flow into the cylinder. Depending on the measurement, a proper or improper heating up of the exhaust gas catalytic converter is identified.

Abstract: An inductive sensor for measuring a current in a conductor includes a generally annular winding (10) delimiting a passage for the conductor. The winding extends homogeneously over most of the circumference of a ring except for a section (20) where the winding has a structural discontinuity. The sensor includes at least one identical complementary winding (12). The windings (10, 12) are disposed coaxially and oriented so that the structural discontinuities of the windings are regularly distributed in the angular direction about the common axis of the windings. The windings are connected in series.

Abstract: The invention concerns a busbar bushing device (10) adapted to be mounted through an orifice (O) in a wall (P) and to have a conductive busbar (12) passed through it, of the type including a body (14) through which a conduit (20) for receiving said busbar (12) passes completely and a cover (16) attached to said body (14). The cover (16) includes an opening (24) through which said busbar (12) passes and which extends the conduit (20) of the body (14). The opening (24) in the cover (16) is bordered externally by an elastically deformable peripheral lip (26) adapted to be pressed in a sealed manner all around the contour of the conductive busbar (12).

Abstract: The invention concerns a busbar bushing device (10) adapted to be mounted through an orifice (O) in a wall (P) and to have a conductive busbar (12) passed through it, of the type including a body (14) through which a conduit (20) for receiving said busbar (12) passes completely and a cover (16) attached to said body (14). The cover (16) includes an opening (24) through which said busbar (12) passes and which extends the conduit (20) of the body (14). The opening (24) in the cover (16) is bordered externally by an elastically deformable peripheral lip (26) adapted to be pressed in a sealed manner all around the contour of the conductive busbar (12).

Abstract: The invention concerns a bushing device (12) designed to be fitted through a hole in a wall including a body (20) and a cover (18) each adapted to be disposed on one side of the wall and rod and connection (14, 16) for connecting the body (20) and the cover (18) to grip said wall between them, the body (20) and the cover (18) including aligned passages (22, 47) adapted to receive a conductive rod (14). The cover (18) includes an inner core (44) delimiting the passage (47) for receiving the rod (14) and an outer sheath (46) covering the lateral wall of the inner core (44), the inner core (44) and the outer sheath (46) being made of different materials.

Abstract: A post-mounted device for mounting over an electrical transformer output post extends through an orifice in a wall of the electrical transformer with the post-mounted device having a body positioned on a first side of the wall and a cover positioned on a second side of the wall, with fasteners used to clamp the wall between the body and the cover. The post-mounted device includes a portion that restricts pivotal motion of the cover relative to the wall and a gasket provided in this portion seals the cover against the wall. The cover also includes a stepped cylindrical opening at an end of the cover opposite from the end of the cover that seals against the wall, with the stepped cylindrical opening containing a gasket in its smaller diameter portion for radially sealing against the output post, and a stepped spacer that is partially contained within the smaller diameter portion and partially contained within the larger diameter portion of the stepped cylindrical opening.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electronic apparatus fastened on an oil transformer, which measures with precision, continuously and simultaneously the value of the temperature, of the level of the dielectric liquid contained in the transformer, of the pressure inside the transformer and of the current-strength at the transformer secondary. With this measure of the four parameters are associated the continuous memorization of these measures over 24 hours, the visualization of these memorized measures on the apparatus or at distance on a peripheral equipment connected to the apparatus as well as the control of an alarm system and of a stop system of the transformer for each parameter.

Abstract: An entry into an acceleration phase of the vehicle is detected, the ignition advance of the engine is then reduced to a predetermined value (a.sub.L) and the advance is maintained at this value for a predetermined time interval (.DELTA.t) which is a function of the selected gear ratio (r) of a gearbox placed on the output side of the engine.Application to a vehicle propelled by an internal-combustion engine associated with an ignition- and injection-control computer.

Abstract: This invention relates to a high frequency heating process for treating a transformer core and windings. The process includes the steps of maintaining vacuum in an enclosure wherein the windings are to be treated, heating the windings with high frequency current, measuring the insulation resistance of the windings until a constant value is reached, stopping heating, filling the enclosure with oil, and then drying the oil from the enclosure. Alternatively, the transformer core and windings can be treated by encapsulating the winding with a polymerized resin, allowing the resin to flow into the mould and against the sides of the winding in a controlled fashion to enable polymerization of the resin to spread horizontally in a thin layer.