Abstract: A component for a vacuum apparatus for use in a plasma processing apparatus or a film forming apparatus for a semiconductor or the like, in which a surface is covered with a ceramic and/or metallic thermal spray film and projection-shaped particles of a width of 10-300 ?m, a height of 4-600 ?m and an average height/width ratio of 0.4 or higher are present within a range of 20-20,000 particle/mm2 on the surface of the thermal spray film. The thermal spray film has a porosity of 10-40%, shows a high adhering property to a film-shaped substance, is free from a product contamination by particles generated by a peeling of the film-shaped substance and can be continuously used over a prolonged period.

Abstract: A system comprising a database for registering parts environment information in advance; search means for searching the database for a part constituting a product; calculation means for calculating an environment information evaluation value of the part by using environment information in the database if one is found as a result of the search, or by averaging environment information of a part of the same type or the same material as the search target part registered in the database if environment information of the search target part is not registered in the database; and output means for outputting an environment information evaluation value calculated for the product.

Abstract: In film-forming devices and plasma-processing devices, filmy matter adheres to the surfaces of the inner parts and it peels to cause dust and particles in the devices. In the devices, the dust and particles contaminate the objects for film formation thereon or the objects to be processed with plasma. For preventing the objects from being contaminated with them, the inner parts of the devices must be frequently exchanged every time when they have received any minor filmy matter thereon, and this lowers the productivity in the devices. When a modified glass part of which the surface is modified with spherical or bell-like island projections having a width and a height of from a few &mgr;m to a few hundreds &mgr;m is used in a film-forming device and in a plasma-processing device, then its ability to hold the filmy substance having adhered thereto is good and its resistance to plasma is also good.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multiplexing apparatus, a receiving apparatus, and a method of multiplex transmission. Specifically, a multiplexing apparatus which multiplexes a plurality of encoded data streams adds arrival time T1 as temporal information indicative of timing for suppling the encoded data streams to a plurality of decoding units of a receiver to a time-division-multiplexed data stream. The receiver decodes the encoded data streams on the basis of the arrival time T1. So, even though the transmission bands allocated to the respective data streams are varied, synchronization between original data streams and decoded data streams is secured without deleting part of information of the original data streams.

Abstract: In a data multiplexer for multiplexing and outputting data streams of plural channels, multiplexing efficiency can be improved by effectively using a data transmission rate of a transmission system. Invalid data assigned to an inputted data stream is detected and extracted and moreover, a data stream from which the invalid data is extracted is multiplexed and outputted, so that multiplexing efficiency for valid data can be improved.

Abstract: A converter partially removes frames of a sequentially scanning image data input to the converter. The resultant data is output to a preprocessing circuit. As a result, the sequentially scanning image data with a frame rate of 60 frames/sec is converted to image data with a frame rate of 30 frames/sec. A prediction error generator 102 calculates prediction error data and outputs the result to a DCT circuit. The DCT circuit performs DCT processing on the prediction error data supplied from the prediction error generator thereby producing DCT coefficients. The obtained DCT coefficients are supplied to a quantizer. The quantizer quantizes the DCT coefficients supplied from the DCT circuit thereby producing quantized data. The quantized data output from the quantizer is supplied to a variable length encoder and a dequantizer.

Abstract: In an encoding apparatus for processing a video signal with a signal processing circuit, producing coefficient data by an orthogonal transform of differential data obtained by motion compensation, generating coded data by quantization of the coefficient data and converting the quantization step size at the time of the quantization according to the amount of generated data of the coded data, the signal processing circuit includes: a motion vector detecting circuit for detecting a motion vector of the video signal; a motion code vector amount detecting circuit for calculating the code amount of the motion vector on the basis of the motion vector and for detecting the amount of code of the coefficient data; and a pixel number converting circuit for converting the number of pixels of the video signal according to the amount of code of the motion vector and the amount of code of the coefficient data.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there are disclosed: a process for producing an anode material for lithium secondary battery, comprising graphite particles and a crystalline carbon layer covering the whole surfaces of the graphite particles, wherein the whole surfaces of the graphite particles are covered with a carbon layer in a state that the surfaces of the graphite particles and the carbon 002 plane of the carbon layer are parallel, which process comprises subjecting graphite particles to a treatment for chemical vapor deposition in a fluidized bed type reactor at 900 to 1,200° C., using a mixed gas consisting of an organic substance gas and an inert gas, the molar concentration of the organic substance gas in the mixed gas being 2 to 50%; and an anode material for lithium secondary battery, produced by the above process.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an anode material for lithium secondary battery, comprising a particulate core composed of a metal or semimetal capable of forming a lithium alloy and a carbon layer covering the surface of the particulate core; a lithium secondary battery using said anode material; and a method for discharging of said secondary battery.

Abstract: A video encoder for reducing the deterioration of picture quality of a compress coded video signal by implementing a method for deciding the number of picture elements needed to properly encode an inputted video signal. The decision is calculated based on the difficulty of compressing the inputted video signal and the number of picture elements needed to accurately reproduce a compressed inputted video signal. The decision circuitry decides the number of picture elements needed for compression of the inputted video signal allowing the number of codes generated in the encoding process to be decreased and quantization accuracy improved. The main advantage is a reduction in deterioration of the video signal usually found when reproducing a compress coded video signal.

Abstract: To cope with recent LCD or PDP of larger size, an efficient transfer technology is demanded in manufacturing a larger substrate. It calls for a transfer method for such larger substrate with a less required space, and a substrate transfer cassette enabling such method. A technology is disclosed, which comprises a substrate transfer cassette (50) containing a plurality of substrates, a dolly (55) for loading the substrate transfer cassette (50), and a plurality of cassette holders (70) having a rotating arm (71) which can rotate in the vertical direction, wherein a substrate cassette (50) is transferred from a position near another cassette holder to a position near a destination cassette holder with the dolly (55), raised by the rotating arm (71) on the destination cassette holder (70) from the lower section to the upper section of the dolly (55), and moved from the dolly (55) to the cassette holder (70).

Abstract: A sintered ITO compact is provided which is capable of retarding nodule formation, or particle generation. The sintered ITO compact is composed of In, Sn, and O, and has avelage length of void size of not larger than 0.7 .mu.m. This sintered ITO compact is produced by sintering, substantially in an oxygen atmosphere, a green compact formed from a mixed powder of indium oxide power and tin oxide powder, the mixed powder containing the tin oxide powder at a content ranging from 5% to 15%, and the tin oxide powder having particles of a particle size of not more than 1 .mu.m constituting not less than 90% portion thereof; or produced by sintering, in an oxygen atmosphere, a green compact formed from a mixed powder of indium oxide powder and tin oxide powder, the mixed powder having a tap density of not less than 1.8 g/cm.sup.3, and the tin oxide powder having a maximum particle size of not larger than 1 .mu.m and a median diameter of not larger than 0.4 .mu.m.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging apparatus produces a sequentially-scanned video signal without using an expensive scanning converter. In the apparatus, an imaging device produces an image signal of each line based on the summation of signal charges of two adjacent lines. With the first mode being selected by the operation on the key panel, a timing generator is controlled to generate vertical shift pulses (field readout pattern) such that the two adjacent lines of the alternately-consecutive first and second fields are equal, causing the imaging device to produce an image signal for obtaining a sequentially-scanned video signal. An image signal processor implements the gamma modification process, etc. for the image signal to obtain the sequentially-scanned video signal. Sync signals VD and HD for sequential scanning or skip scanning generated by a sync signal generator are added to the video signal, and the output video signal is obtained.

Abstract: An indium oxide-tin oxide (ITO) sintered body is prepared by mixing a tin oxide powder with an indium oxide powder, molding the resulting mixed powder to obtain a green body, and sintering the resulting green body. At least the tin oxide powder has beforehand been pulverized by colliding tin oxide particles with each other or against a collision substance in gas streams. At least 90 wt % of the pulverized tin oxide powder is preferably particles having a particle size of 0.2-10 .mu.m. A jet mill can be used for the pulverization. The ITO sintered body has a density as high as 7.08 g/cm.sup.3 or more and, during sputtering, is free from nodule formation and is inhibited from generating particles.

Abstract: A sintered ITO compact having an ultra-high density of at least 7.08 g/cm.sup.3 is produced by a process wherein an aqueous slurry comprised of indium oxide, tin oxide, a binder, a dispersant and an aqueous medium is cast in a mold, and the thus-obtained cast green body is sintered. The aqueous slurry used is prepared by the steps of:dispersing uniformly a tin oxide powder and a dispersant in an aqueous medium to give an aqueous slurry;allowing the aqueous slurry to stand whereby coarse particles of tin oxide are sedimented;separating by decantation an upper liquid layer of the aqueous slurry containing finely divided particles of tin oxide (preferably, the secondary particle sizes of which are not larger than 4 .mu.m) and the dispersant from a lower liquid layer containing the sedimented coarse particles; and then,incorporating an indium oxide powder and a binder in the separated upper liquid layer containing finely divided tin oxide particles and the dispersant to give an aqueous slurry.

Abstract: A process for the production of an edible food supplement preservative from a rootcrop by processing such rootcrop into dry powder, the process steps including, placing the rootcrop in a closable vessel, subjecting the rootcrop to chopping or cutting while the vessel is evacuated, effecting a primary drying followed by the injection of an inert gas thereinto, crushing the rootcrop, spraying a synergist onto the crushed mass, spraying a drying distillation liquid thereonto, effecting a secondary drying of the resulting mass and mixing the dried mass to a dispersed state.

Abstract: In a video signal transmission/reception system based on interlace scanning, video signals picked up by the sequential scanning are limited in vertical frequency band by filters (3a), (3b) and (3c) and transmitted as an interlace scanning video signal. Then, a signal of a predetermined vertical frequency band is extracted from the signal thus transmitted and a motion detection is carried out on the basis of the thus extracted signal.

Abstract: A process for dry pulverization of food raw materials, charactrized by the process steps, which comprisesplacing the food raw material in a closed vessel,evacuating the vessel to a vacuum andeffecting therein the processing operations, which comprises cutting the raw material, drying the so-disintegrated material and crushing the dried and disintegrated mass into powder, successively.

Abstract: A still-image video signal processing circuit for a MUSE decoder has a pair of frame memories for producing first digital video signals which vary from each other by a delay time difference corresponding to a period of two frames, and second digital video signals which vary from each other by a delay time difference corresponding to a period of one frame, from a MUSE signal, i.e., a three-dimensionally sub-sampled input digital video signal, and a noise removing circuit for removing noise from the input digital video signal with the first digital video signal supplied thereto. An interframe interpolating circuit interpolates the input digital video signal between frames with the second digital video signals supplied thereto, and an interfield interpolating circuit interpolates the input digital video signal with the second digital video signals supplied thereto from the frame memories.

Abstract: R.sub.1, G.sub.1 and B.sub.1 outputs from a MUSE decoder 10 are entered to a color conversion section 11. In the color converting section, the R.sub.1, G.sub.1 and B.sub.1 signals are entered to a camera gamma inverse correcting circuit 12 and then supplied via this circuit 12 to a color conversion matrix processing section 13. A coefficient supplied to this circuit 143 is changed depending on the input signals. Color conversion is effected depending on the supplied coefficient so that three color signals R.sub.4, G.sub.4 and B.sub.4 are outputted and displayed on a CRT 15 via an inverse gamma characteristics circuit 14 of the display device. Image color signals with plural different color reproduction characteristics may be reproduced without color reproduction errors by a single color display apparatus.