Abstract: Methods and apparatus for fast session restoration of user sessions in a network node are suitable for latency sensitive applications. The fast session restoration techniques take advantage of the layered architecture of a network node and stores layer-specific descriptors that describe the states of corresponding service layers of a network node for an active session. When a failure of the network nodes occurs, the descriptors are used to achieve a seamless and fast session restoration.

Abstract: A method for operating a replication control module is provided. The method comprises determining that a handover takes place by which a data session exchanged via a cellular network between a serving application instance and a user equipment is transferred from the serving application instance to a target application instance selected from a plurality of application instances located in a cloud environment. The method further includes determining a location of the target application instance in the cloud environment; determining target replica locations of replica of a session state data individually on a per session basis for said data session taking into account the location of the target application instance; and transmitting location information to a data handling module allowing the data handling module to distribute the replica to the determined locations of the target replica locations.

Abstract: A healing procedure is disclosed for distributed database. A storage node locally stores metadata for a plurality of data items stored in the distributed database. The metadata includes, for each data item, an identifier associated with the data item and an associated replica location list indicating one or more storage nodes in the distributed database storing replicas of the data item. Responsive to a trigger indicating a fault in a second storage node, the storage node iterates over the metadata to identify compromised data items for which the first storage node is designated as a healing node and performs a healing procedure for each compromised data item where the first storage node is designated as the healing node.

Abstract: According to an aspect there is provided a computer-implemented method of operating a leader server in a leader server-follower server log replication configuration.

Abstract: There is provided a method for handling execution of a function in a function-as-a- service (FaaS) system. According to the method, in response (200) to a trigger on a first node of the FaaS system for execution of a function, execution of the function is initiated (206) on the first node of the FaaS system if data to be accessed for the execution is stored on the first node of the FaaS system and/or execution of the function is initiated (210) on a second node of the FaaS system if the data to be accessed for the execution is stored on the second node of the FaaS system.

Abstract: The method relates to a method for checking a correct operation of an application running in a cloud environment, the method comprising at a health checking entity, monitoring a reception of health reports generated by the application, each health report comprising at least information allowing an operation status of the application to be determined, determining whether an anomaly is detected in the reception of the health reports, wherein, when an anomaly is detected in the reception, triggering a transmission of a new health report to be transmitted by the application, determining whether the application is operating correctly after triggering the transmission of the new health report, wherein, if the application is not operating correctly after triggering the transmission of the new health report, informing a control entity of the application that the application is not operating correctly.

Abstract: A method for operating a replication control module is provided. The method comprises determining that a handover takes place by which a data session exchanged via a cellular network between a serving application instance and a user equipment is transferred from the serving application instance to a target application instance selected from a plurality of application instances located in a cloud environment. The method further includes determining a location of the target application instance in the cloud environment; determining target replica locations of replica of a session state data individually on a per session basis for said data session taking into account the location of the target application instance; and transmitting location information to a data handling module allowing the data handling module to distribute the replica to the determined locations of the target replica locations.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for fast session restoration of user sessions in a network node are suitable for latency sensitive applications. The fast session restoration techniques take advantage of the layered architecture of a network node and stores layer-specific descriptors that describe the states of corresponding service layers of a network node for an active session. When a failure of the network nodes occurs, the descriptors are used to achieve a seamless and fast session restoration.

Abstract: A technique for application level based connection handling in a system comprising a plurality of distributed applications (302, 304) is disclosed. A method implementation of the technique is performed by a connection handling component (306) operating at application Level and providing an interface (310) towards a first application (302) of the plurality of distributed applications (302, 304) for establishing a connection with a second application (304) of the distributed plurality of applications (302, 304). The method comprises establishing, upon request of the first application (302) via the interface (310), a connection with the second application (304), and maintaining the connection on behalf of the first application (302) for communication between the first application (302) and the second application (304).

Abstract: Fail-over protection is provided for a server cluster including a plurality of primary nodes supporting user sessions and a standby node. When the standby node determines that a primary node in a cluster has failed, the standby node configures its network interface to use an Internet Protocol (IP) address of the failed primary node. The standby node further retrieves session data for user sessions supported by the failed primary node from a low latency database for the cluster and restores the user sessions at the standby node. When the user sessions are restored, the standby node switches from a standby mode to an active mode.

Abstract: A technique for determining of a load of an application in a cloud computing environment is disclosed. The application is executed with one or more application instances in the cloud computing environment, wherein each of the one or more application instances obtains input data from a respective input queue. A method implementation for supporting the technique comprises determining a wait indicator for at least one of the one or more application instances, the wait indicator for an application instance indicating a relation between empty states of the input queue of the application instance and non-empty states of the input queue of the application instance, and triggering forwarding of the wait indicator determined for the at least one of the one or more application instances to a load determination component.

Abstract: The method relates to a method for checking a correct operation of an application running in a cloud environment, the method comprising at a health checking entity, monitoring a reception of health reports generated by the application, each health report comprising at least information allowing an operation status of the application to be determined, determining whether an anomaly is detected in the reception of the health reports, wherein, when an anomaly is detected in the reception, triggering a transmission of a new health report to be transmitted by the application, determining whether the application is operating correctly after triggering the transmission of the new health report, wherein, if the application is not operating correctly after triggering the transmission of the new health report, informing a control entity of the application that the application is not operating correctly.

Abstract: There is provided a node of a network and a method of operating the same. According to the method, data transmissions between a plurality of resources at the node of the network are monitored (400). A pattern in the monitored data transmissions is identified between the plurality of resources at the node of the network (402). A distribution of the plurality of resources at the node of the network the network is adapted based on the identified pattern in the monitored data transmissions (404).

Abstract: There is provided a communication node of a system and a method for handling communications between nodes of the system. Information indicative of at least one condition in the system is acquired (300). For each request transmitted by a node of the system and targeted for another node of the system, a mode in which to wait for reception of a response to the request from the targeted node is selected based on the acquired information (302).

Abstract: There is provided a node of a network and a method of operating the same. According to the method, data transmissions between a plurality of resources at the node of the network are monitored (400). A pattern in the monitored data transmissions is identified between the plurality of resources at the node of the network(402). A distribution of the plurality of resources at the node of the network the network is adapted based on the identified pattern in the monitored data transmissions(404).

Abstract: A technique for determining of a load of an application in a cloud computing environment (100) is disclosed. The application is executed with one or more application instances (102) in the cloud computing environment (100), wherein each of the one or more application instances (102) obtains input data from a respective input queue (104). A method implementation for supporting the technique comprises determining a wait indicator for at least one of the one or more application instances (102), the wait indicator for an application instance (102) indicating a relation between empty states of the input queue (104) of the application instance (102) and non-empty states of the input queue (104) of the application instance (102), and triggering forwarding of the wait indicator determined for the at least one of the one or more application instances (102) to a load determination component (106).

Abstract: The disclosure pertains to determining a performance index related to a performance of a communication service provided in a network, wherein the communication service is usable by a mobile user terminal. A method aspect is directed to determining the performance index by comparing performance information associated with a characteristic location of the user terminal and performance information associated with at least one other location visited by the user terminal, the performance index being indicative of a relative performance of the communication service at the characteristic location of the user terminal compared to the at least one other location visited by the user terminal.

Abstract: The disclosure pertains to determining a performance index related to a performance of a communication service provided in a network, wherein the communication service is usable by a mobile user terminal. A method aspect is directed to determining the performance index by comparing performance information associated with a characteristic location of the user terminal and performance information associated with at least one other location visited by the user terminal, the performance index being indicative of a relative performance of the communication service at the characteristic location of the user terminal compared to the at least one other location visited by the user terminal.