Abstract: Methods are provided that are useful in assaying compounds for cognitive enhancing properties, anxiolytic properties, hypnotic properties, or antidepressant properties. These methods involve determining the in vitro efficacy and EC50 of the compounds at defined series of cloned GABAA subtype receptors composed of specific variants of &agr;,&bgr;, and &ggr; subunits in order to develop and an activity profile for each compound. Optionally, the binding affinities of the compounds at GABAA receptors are also determined.

Abstract: Methods are provided that are useful in assaying compounds for cognitive enhancing properties, anxiolytic properties, hypnotic properties, or antidepressant properties. These methods involve determining the in vitro efficacy and EC50 of the compounds at defined series of cloned GABAA subtype receptors composed of specific variants of &agr;, &bgr;, and &ggr; subunits in order to develop and an activity profile for each compound. Optionally, the binding affinities of the compounds at GABAA receptors are also determined.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of the formula or the pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic salts thereof wherein: n is an integer from 0 to 3; the C ring is aryl or heteroaryl; X is CH, N, or O Z represents an electron pair, hydrogen, or (un)substituted heterocycle, aryl, or amido; W is (un)substituted alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; A and B are hydrogen or lower alkyl, which compounds are highly selective agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists for GABAa brain receptors or prodrugs of agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists for GABAa brain receptors. These compounds are useful in the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety, Down Syndrome, sleep, cognitive and seizure disorders, and overdose with benzodiazepine drugs and for enhancement of alertness.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of the formula: or the pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic salts thereof wherein: W is oxygen or sulfur; X is (un)substituted lower alkyl; or X is (un)substituted aryl or heteroaryl; Y is hydrogen or lower alkyl; Z is lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, or (un)substituted lower alkyl; T is (un)substituted aryl or heteroaryl. The compounds are highly selective agonists, antagonists, or inverse agonists for GABAa brain receptors, or prodrugs of agonists, antagonists, or inverse agonists for GABAa brain receptors. Thus these compounds are useful in the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety, sleep and seizure disorders, Down's Syndrome, overdose with benzodiazepine drugs, and for the enhancement of memory.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of Formula I: or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof where, R1, R2, and W are defined herein. These compounds are highly selective agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists for GABAa brain receptors or prodrugs of agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists for GABAa brain receptors and are therefore useful in the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety, depression, Down Syndrome, sleep and seizure disorders, overdose with benzodiazepine drugs and for enhancement of memory. Pharmaceutical compositions, including packaged pharmaceutical compositions, are further provided. Compounds of the invention are also useful as probes for the localization of GABAA receptors in tissue samples.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of the formula 1

Abstract: The present invention encompasses structures of the Formula or the pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic salts thereof wherein: X is hydrogen, halogen, (un)substituted alkyl, (un)substituted alkoxy or amino; and Y is (un)substituted alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, which compounds are highly selective agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists for GABAa brain receptors or prodrugs of agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists for GABAa brain receptors. These compounds are useful in the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety, Down Syndrome, sleep, cognitive and seizure disorders, and overdose with benzodiazepine drugs and for enhancement of alertness.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of the formula 1

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of the formula: 1

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of the formula: 1

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of the formula or the pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic salts thereof wherein: W represents substituted or unsubstituted aryl or heteroaryl; T is hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, amino or alkyl; X is hydrogen, hydroxy, or lower alkyl; m is 0, 1, or 2; n is 0, 1, or 2; and R3 and R4 represent substituted or unsubstituted organic residues. These compounds are highly selective agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists for GABAa brain receptors or prodrugs of agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists for GABAa brain receptors. These compounds are useful in the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety, sleep and seizure disorders, overdose with benzodiazepine drugs and for enhancement of memory.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of the formula: 1

Abstract: Disclosed are aryl and heteroaryl substitated pyridino compounds. These compounds are highly selective agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists for GABAA brain receptors or prodrugs of agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists for GABAA brain receptors and are therefore useful in the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety, depression, Down Syndrome, sleep and seizure disorders, overdose with benzodiazepine drugs and for enhancement of memory. Pharmaceutical compositions, including packaged pharmaceutical compositions, are further provided. Compounds of the invention are also useful as probes for the localization of GABAA receptors in tissue samples.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of the formula 1

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of the formula: 1

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of the formula: or the pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic salts thereof wherein: G, X, T, n, and R3-R6 are as defined herein, which compounds are highly selective agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists for GABAa brain receptors or prodrugs of agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists for GABAa brain receptors. These compounds are useful in the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety, sleep and seizure disorders, overdose with benzodiazepine drugs and for enhancement of memory.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of the formula: or the pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic salts thereof where R1-R4 and A are defined herein, which compounds are highly selective agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists for GABAa brain receptors or prodrugs of agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists for GABAa brain receptors and are, therefore, useful in the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety, Down Syndrome, depression, sleep, cognitive and seizure disorders, overdose with benzodiazepine drugs and for enhancement of alertness.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of the formula ##STR1## or the pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic salts thereof wherein: n is an integer from 0 to 3;the C ring is aryl or heteroaryl;X is CH, N, or OZ represents an electron pair, hydrogen, or (un)substituted heterocycle, aryl, or amido;W is (un)substituted alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;A and B are hydrogen or lower alkyl,which compounds are highly selective agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists for GABAa brain receptors or prodrugs of agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists for GABAa brain receptors. These compounds are useful in the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety, Down Syndrome, sleep, cognitive and seizure disorders, and overdose with benzodiazepine drugs and for enhancement of alertness.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses structures of the Formula ##STR1## or the pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic salts thereof wherein: x is hydrogen, halogen, (un)substituted alkyl, (un)substituted alkoxy or amino; andY is (un)substituted alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl,which compounds are highly selective agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists for GABAa brain receptors or prodrugs of agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists for GABAa brain receptors. These compounds are useful in the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety, Down Syndrome, sleep, cognitive and seizure disorders, and overdose with benzodiazepine drugs and for enhancement of alertness.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses structures of the formula I: ##STR1## or the pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic salts thereof wherein: ##STR2## W represents substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; X is hydrogen, hydroxy or lower alkyl;T is hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, nitro, amino or alkyl;R.sub.3 is hydrogen or an organic group;R.sub.4 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted organic substituent;R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 represent organic, and inorganic substituents; and n is 1,2,3, or 4,which compounds are highly selective agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists for GABAa brain receptors or prodrugs of agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists for GABAa brain receptors. These compounds are useful in the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety, sleep and seizure disorders, overdose with benzodiazepine drugs and for enhancement of memory.