Abstract: An embodiment of a method for detecting low frequency occurrence of one or more HIV sequence variants associated with drug resistance is described that comprises the steps of: generating cDNA species from each RNA molecule in an HIV sample population; amplifying at least one first amplicon from the cDNA species, wherein each first amplicon comprises a plurality of amplified copies and is amplified with a pair of nucleic acid primers that define a locus of the first amplicon; clonally amplifying the amplified copies of the first amplicons to produce a plurality of second amplicons wherein a plurality of the second amplicons comprise an immobilized population of substantially identical copies from one of the amplified copies of first amplicons; determining a nucleic acid sequence composition of the substantially identical copies from at least 100 of the immobilized populations in parallel on a single substrate; and detecting one or more sequence variants that occur at a frequency of 5% or less in the nucleic ac

Abstract: A method for detecting low frequency occurrence of one or more HIV sequence variants associated with reverse transcriptase and/or protease is described that comprises the steps of: (a) generating a cDNA species from a plurality of RNA molecules in an HIV sample population; (b) amplifying a plurality of first amplicons from the cDNA species, wherein each first amplicon is amplified with a pair of nucleic acid primers capable of generating amplicons from an HIV clade comprising clade A, clade B, clade C, clade D, clade F, and clade G; (c) clonally amplifying the amplified copies of the first amplicons to produce a plurality of second amplicons; (d) determining a nucleic acid sequence composition of the second amplicons; and (e) detecting one or more sequence variants in the nucleic acid sequence composition of the second amplicons.

Abstract: An embodiment of a method for detecting low frequency occurrence of one or more HIV sequence variants associated with drug resistance is described that comprises the steps of: generating cDNA species from each RNA molecule in an HIV sample population; amplifying at least one first amplicon from the cDNA species, wherein each first amplicon comprises a plurality of amplified copies and is amplified with a pair of nucleic acid primers that define a locus of the first amplicon; clonally amplifying the amplified copies of the first amplicons to produce a plurality of second amplicons wherein a plurality of the second amplicons comprise an immobilized population of substantially identical copies from one of the amplified copies of first amplicons; determining a nucleic acid sequence composition of the substantially identical copies from at least 100 of the immobilized populations in parallel on a single substrate; and detecting one or more sequence variants that occur at a frequency of 5% or less in the nucleic ac

Abstract: An embodiment of a method for detecting low frequency occurrence of one or more HIV sequence variants associated with drug resistance is described that comprises the steps of: generating cDNA species from each RNA molecule in an HIV sample population; amplifying at least one first amplicon from the cDNA species, wherein each first amplicon comprises a plurality of amplified copies and is amplified with a pair of nucleic acid primers that define a locus of the first amplicon; clonally amplifying the amplified copies of the first amplicons to produce a plurality of second amplicons wherein a plurality of the second amplicons comprise an immobilized population of substantially identical copies from one of the amplified copies of first amplicons; determining a nucleic acid sequence composition of the substantially identical copies from at least 100 of the immobilized populations in parallel on a single substrate; and detecting one or more sequence variants that occur at a frequency of 5% or less in the nucleic ac

Abstract: An embodiment of a method for detecting low frequency occurrence of one or more HIV sequence variants associated with integrase is described that comprises the steps of: (a) generating a cDNA species from a plurality of RNA molecules in an HIV sample population; (b) amplifying a plurality of first amplicons from the cDNA species, wherein each first amplicon is amplified with a pair of nucleic acid primers; (c) clonally amplifying the amplified copies of the first amplicons to produce a plurality of second amplicons; (d) determining a nucleic acid sequence composition of the second amplicons; (e) detecting one or more sequence variants that occur at a frequency of 5% or less in the nucleic acid sequence composition of the second amplicons; and (f) correlating the detected sequence variants with variation associated with HIV integrase.

Abstract: An embodiment of a method for detecting low frequency occurrence of one or more HIV sequence variants associated with drug resistance is described that comprises the steps of: generating cDNA species from each RNA molecule in an HIV sample population; amplifying at least one first amplicon from the cDNA species, wherein each first amplicon comprises a plurality of amplified copies and is amplified with a pair of nucleic acid primers that define a locus of the first amplicon; clonally amplifying the amplified copies of the first amplicons to produce a plurality of second amplicons wherein a plurality of the second amplicons comprise an immobilized population of substantially identical copies from one of the amplified copies of first amplicons; determining a nucleic acid sequence composition of the substantially identical copies from at least 100 of the immobilized populations in parallel on a single substrate; and detecting one or more sequence variants that occur at a frequency of 5% or less in the nucleic ac

Abstract: An apparatus for obtaining uniform ripening of fresh produce using sunlight and air in the shape of a stand has a number of slats that are supported by the sides of the stand. The position and spacing of the slats can be adjusted to accommodate produce of different shapes and sizes. The stand is constructed so that multiple units may be stacked atop one another. One embodiment particularly suitable for use on window sills is rectangular in shape with openings on the sides to permit free circulation of air. A second embodiment uses the same principle but the slats are in the annulus between two hollow circular cylinders with vertical walls. This too is constructed so that multiple units may be stacked atop one another. This embodiment takes up more space, but because of its decorative aspects, can be used on tables.

Abstract: The present invention is related to an improved spectacle case which is capable of securely retaining a spectacle within it. Utilization of this improved spectacle case assures that the spectacle will not move within the case, even if the case is jostled. The spectacle case is capable of retaining a spectacle within it in such a fashion that the exterior surfaces of the lenses never come in contact with the case. The unique design of the case also prevents the temples of the spectacle from coming in contact with the interior surface of the lenses. The unique configuration of the spectacle case gives it vastly improved strength over presently used spectacle cases.

Abstract: An embodiment of a method for detecting low frequency occurrence of one or more HIV sequence variants associated with drug resistance is described that comprises the steps of: generating cDNA species from each RNA molecule in an HIV sample population; amplifying at least one first amplicon from the cDNA species, wherein each first amplicon comprises a plurality of amplified copies and is amplified with a pair of nucleic acid primers that define a locus of the first amplicon; clonally amplifying the amplified copies of the first amplicons to produce a plurality of second amplicons wherein a plurality of the second amplicons comprise an immobilized population of substantially identical copies from one of the amplified copies of first amplicons; determining a nucleic acid sequence composition of the substantially identical copies from at least 100 of the immobilized populations in parallel on a single substrate; and detecting one or more sequence variants that occur at a frequency of 5% or less in the nucleic ac