Abstract: The present invention describes a fluid which is suitable for the decontamination of heat engines which can carry out both the catalytic reduction of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) contained in exhaust gases and assist in the regeneration of the particulate filter (PF), said fluid being in the form of a stable suspension of colloidal particles, these colloidal particles being dispersed in an aqueous solution containing at least one reducing agent or at least one precursor of a reducing agent for NOx. The invention also describes several embodiments for the preparation of said fluid.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for developing a subterranean formation, in which at least one fluid is injected. In accordance with the invention, the fluid comprises at least one additive, the additive being labelled with at least one luminescent semiconductor nanocrystal (fluorescent or phosphorescent). In this manner, and by optical analysis of the presence of luminescent semiconductor nanocrystal in the fluid recovered from the subterranean formation, the presence and/or quantity of additive in the recovered fluid can be determined. Given that the semiconductor nanocrystal is either phosphorescent or fluorescent, the additive is rendered readily detectable and quantitatively determinable in the fluids recovered from the subterranean formation.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a system for measuring the quantity of fluorescent semiconductor nanocrystals present in a fluid. The system in accordance with the invention comprises a fluid circulation device (1), a light source (2) and a fluorescence detector (3) for the semiconductor nanocrystals (4).

Abstract: The present invention describes a fluid which is suitable for the decontamination of heat engines which can carry out both the catalytic reduction of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) contained in exhaust gases and assist in the regeneration of the particulate filter (PF), said fluid being in the form of a stable suspension of colloidal particles, these colloidal particles being dispersed in an aqueous solution containing at least one reducing agent or at least one precursor of a reducing agent for NOx. The invention also describes several embodiments for the preparation of said fluid.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a system for measuring the quantity of fluorescent semiconductor nanocrystals present in a fluid. The system in accordance with the invention comprises a fluid circulation device (1), a light source (2) and a fluorescence detector (3) for the semiconductor nanocrystals (4).

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for developing a subterranean formation, in which at least one fluid is injected. In accordance with the invention, the fluid comprises at least one additive, the additive being labelled with at least one luminescent semiconductor nanocrystal (fluorescent or phosphorescent). In this manner, and by optical analysis of the presence of luminescent semiconductor nanocrystal in the fluid recovered from the subterranean formation, the presence and/or quantity of additive in the recovered fluid can be determined. Given that the semiconductor nanocrystal is either phosphorescent or fluorescent, the additive is rendered readily detectable and quantitatively determinable in the fluids recovered from the subterranean formation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a copolymer having: A) at least one monomer unit a) derived from at least one ethylenically unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic or polycarboxylic acid, a corresponding anhydride, or a corresponding water-soluble salt; B) at least one monomer unit b) derived from a particular sulfonated or sulfated ethylenically unsaturated ether or at least one monomer unit (b?) derived from a sulfonated ethylenically unsaturated monomer other than (b), C) at least one monomer unit (c) derived from a monomer with the average general formula [CH2?CH—CH2—R6—O—]xP(?O)(OM)3-x. The invention also relates to a method for preparing such a copolymer, an inhibitor composition including such a copolymer, and a method for inhibiting inorganic deposits in a petroleum reservoir by means of said inhibitor composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a copolymer having: A) at least one monomer unit a) derived from at least one ethylenically unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic or polycarboxylic acid, a corresponding anhydride, or a corresponding water-soluble salt; B) at least one monomer unit b) derived from a particular sulfonated or sulfated ethylenically unsaturated ether or at least one monomer unit (b?) derived from a sulfonated ethylenically unsaturated monomer other than (b), C) at least one monomer unit (c) derived from a monomer with the average general formula [CH2?CH—CH2—R6—O—]xP(?O)(OM)3-x. The invention also relates to a method for preparing such a copolymer, an inhibitor composition including such a copolymer, and a method for inhibiting inorganic deposits in a petroleum reservoir by means of said inhibitor composition.

Abstract: Heavy crude transportation optimization method wherein at least one solvent consisting of a petroleum cut is added to said crude. According to the method, the polar component ?p of the Hildebrand parameter of the solvent is increased, and the contribution of hydrogen bond ?h of the Hildebrand parameter of the solvent is controlled, by adding a predetermined amount of at least one specific additive.

Abstract: Method relating to the transportation of viscous products in a pipe by core annular flow, allowing to limit the restart pressures required for circulating the viscous product. Core annular flow is a technique allowing pipe transportation of a very viscous product with limited pressure drops. However, in case of density difference between the fluids, transverse displacements of the viscous product towards the wall lead to stratification and the restart pressures are then high, because the viscous part has to be deformed. In order to limit these pressures, we propose limiting transverse displacements by injecting into said pipe a yield stress fluid allowing to generate a transverse displacement resistance. Additives can be added to the water layer conventionally used to obtain such a yield stress fluid. Application: notably viscous hydrocarbons transportation.

Abstract: Heavy crude transportation optimization method wherein at least one solvent consisting of a petroleum cut is added to said crude. According to the method, the polar component ?p of the Hildebrand parameter of the solvent is increased, and the contribution of hydrogen bond ?h of the Hildebrand parameter of the solvent is controlled, by adding a predetermined amount of at least one specific additive.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of transporting a viscous petroleum effluent in pipes, wherein the following stages are carried out: separating the effluent into at least a solid phase consisting of particles coming from the colloidal elements acting on the viscosity of said effluent and into a fluidized liquid phase, keeping an amount of particles dispersed in said fluidized liquid phase so as to obtain a suspension (2), and circulating the suspension in the pipe.

Abstract: A process intended to prevent sedimentation of gas hydrates in petroleum production installations comprises adding to the petroleum effluent at least one additive making it possible to modify the rheological behaviour of the petroleum effluent to impart thereto a flow threshold fluid behaviour.

Abstract: Copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and alkyl acrylates and/or methacrylates containing 10 to 50 carbon atoms with particular chain distributions can be used as additives for inhibiting wax deposition and improving the pour properties of crude oils. Compositions containing crude oil and said additives.

Abstract: Copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and alkyl acrylates and/or methacrylates containing 10 to 50 carbon atoms with particular chain distributions can be used as additives for inhibiting wax deposition and improving the pour properties of crude oils.

Abstract: A new laboratory test for evaluating the tendency of a gasoline, which may contain additives, to produce deposits during running of an engine involves the following steps: a tube is placed in the injector oven of a gas chromatograph; said tube is kept at a constant temperature in a constant flow of air; the gasoline or additive-containing gasoline to be evaluated is injected through said tube; and the quantity of deposits formed is determined by weighing said tube after dismantling.

Abstract: Compositions that comprise at least one compound that corresponds to the general formula in which R1, R2, R3 and R4 each represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon radical, for example alkyl, with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, whereby at least one of R1, R2, R3 and R4 is a hydrocarbon radical, m and m′ are each a number from 1 to 30, with m+m′ from 4 to 60, can be prepared by reaction of the isosorbide with one or more compounds that have an epoxide group. These compositions can be used as detergent additives for gasoline-type fuels.

Abstract: Compositions that comprise at least one compound that corresponds to the general formula in which R1, R2, R3 and R4 each represent a hydrogen atom or a 1

Abstract: Detergent additive compositions for gasoline-type fuels comprise at least one compound that corresponds to the general formula: in which R1, R2, R3 and R4 each represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon radical, for example alkyl, with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, whereby at least one of R1, R2, R3, and R4 is a hydrocarbon radical, n is a number from 1 to 20, m and m′ are each a number from 1 to 30, with m+m′ from 4 to 60. They can be added to gasoline-type fuels at a concentration of 20 to 5000 mg/liter.

Abstract: Compositions that comprise at least one compound that corresponds to general formula (I): in which n is a number from 0 to 20; R1, R2, R3 and R4 each represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon radical, for example alkyl, with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, whereby at least one of R1, R2, R3, and R4 is a hydrocarbon radical; and m is a number from 1 to 30, can be prepared by a process that comprises the reaction of a hydroxymethylated derivative of tetrahydrofuran with ethylene oxide, then with one or more other epoxidized compounds. These compositions can be used as detergent additives for gasoline-type fuels.