Abstract: Systems and methods for managing cathode stoichiometry of an electrochemical cell are disclosed. A system may include a fuel cell, a compressor for supplying air to the fuel cell and an oxygen sensor proximate to or downstream of an outlet of a cathode chamber of the fuel cell. An operation speed of the compressor or flow rate of the air may be adjusted by, for example, a controller after receiving data from the sensor regarding the amount of residual oxygen. For example, the operation speed/flow rate may be increased or decreased to achieve a cathode stoichiometry of about 1.00.

Abstract: Sago-based gelling starches and the use thereof. Such modified starches exhibit exceptionally fast gelling properties, high gel strengths, and exceptional elasticity. These properties allow for significantly reduced processing times, including reduced hold times. Further, the higher gel strength allows for reduced starch levels without loss of final product gel strength integrity or texture. The instant gelling starches are particularly useful in food systems of the type that gel upon standing, such as pie and cream fillings, puddings, spreads, and jellies.

Abstract: A toilet flushing and seat lifting system for lifting a toilet seat and flushing the toilet seat without having to touch the toilet seat or handle. The toilet flushing and seat lifting system includes a lifting means for lifting the seat and lid of a toilet. The lifting means has a foot pedal. The foot pedal is elongate and has a first and second end. The foot pedal is generally positioned adjacent to the bottom side of the toilet. A pivoting means pivots the foot pedal with respect to floor. An elongate member has a first end and a second end. The first end of the elongate member is hingedly coupled to the second end of the foot pedal. A rod has a first end coupled to the second end of the elongate member and a second end extending toward the toilet. A securing means hingedly secures the second end of the rod to a bottom side of the seat. A toilet flushing means for flushing the toilet comprises an elongate flexible member having a first end and a second end.

Abstract: A method of coating at least the internal or external surface of a shirred casing strand for foodstuffs with a smoke flavor comprising placing a liquid smoke flavor solution in contact with a shirred casing strand; applying a pressure to the solution so that the smoke solution is forced to flow between the pleats or folds of the casing and thereby coats the surface of the casing in shirred form.A shirred casing coated by this method is also provided.