Abstract: Compositions of matter for use in oils and fuels are disclosed. The compositions arise from reaction products (C) formed by reacting substituted carboxylic acylating agents (A) with carboxylic reactants (B). The reactant (A) is usually a polyolefin substituted succinic anhydride or acid which is reacted with (B). (B) is usually a glyoxylic compound. Carboxylic reaction products (C) may further be reacted to form succinimide dispersants, esters or other derivatives. Products (C) may also be reacted with an .alpha.-.beta. unsaturated compound to form second carboxylic reaction products.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a composition made by reacting A) an aldehyde of 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a reactive equivalent thereof; and B) at least one etheramine represented by the formulaR.sup.2 ?O(CH.sub.2 CH(R)O).sub.n --R.sup.1 --NH.sub.2 !.sub.y(I)wherein each n is a number from 0 to about 50; each R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydrocarbyl groups of 1 to about 16 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof; each R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbylene group containing 2 to about 18 carbon atoms and a group represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein both R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are hydrocarbylene groups of about 3 to about 10 carbon atoms and p is a number from 1 to 4; y is 1, 2, or 3; and each R.sup.2 is a hydrocarbyl group having a valence of y and containing 1 to about 50 carbon atoms when y is 1 and 1 to about 18 carbon atoms when y is 2 or 3; y is 1, 2, or 3; provided that when n is zero, y is 1.

Abstract: Compositions represented by the structures ##STR1## where Ar represents an aromatic group, each R is independently a hydrocarbyl group, at least one R having more than 12 carbon atoms, a is 1 to 4, and R' is hydrogen or alkyl, are useful as lubricant and fuel additives and as intermediates for the preparation of derivatives useful as such additives.

Abstract: A process for preparing compounds useful as intermediates used for preparing lubricant and fuel additives. The intermediates include the products prepared by the process and dilactones.

Abstract: Compositions comprising unsaturated hydroxycarboxylic compounds, a process for reacting olefinic compounds with carboxylic reagents and products prepared by the process. The compositions containing the hydroxycarboxylic compounds and the products of the process are useful as intermediates for preparing additives for lubricants and fuels.

Abstract: A process for preparing compounds useful as intermediates used for preparing lubricant and fuel additives. The intermediates include the products prepared by the process and dilactones.

Abstract: Compositions comprising hydroxyl group containing acylated nitrogen compounds, a process for reacting certain carboxylic reactants with olefinic compounds then reacting the product prepared thereby with ammonia, a hydrazine or an amine, products prepared thereby and lubricating oil and fuel compositions.

Abstract: A process for reacting certain carboxylic reactants with olefinic compounds then reacting the product prepared thereby with ammonia, a hydrazine or an amine, products prepared thereby and, additive concentrates, lubricating oil and fuel compositions.

Abstract: A composition comprising at least one compound of the general formula ##STR1## wherein each Ar is independently an aromatic group having from 4 to about 30 carbon atoms and from 0 to 3 optional substituents selected from the group consisting of amino, hydroxy- or alkyl-polyoxyalkyl, nitro, aminoalkyl, carboxy or combinations of two or more of said optional substituents, each R is independently a hydrocarbyl group, R.sup.1 is H or a hydrocarbyl group, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each, independently, H or a hydrocarbyl group, R.sup.4 is a monovalent terminating group, each m is independently 0 or an integer ranging from 1 to about 10, x ranges from 0 to about 8, and each Z is independently OH, lower alkoxy, (OR.sup.5).sub.b OR.sup.6 or O.sup.-- wherein each R.sup.5 is independently a divalent hydrocarbyl group, R.sup.

Abstract: Functional fluids comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity, the reaction product of an amine and a sulfonic acid, and at least one sulfur-containing compound of the structure(RX).sub.3 P.dbd.Xwhere X is sulfur or oxygen exhibit good anti-rust and antiwear performance.

Abstract: This invention relates to low-sulfur diesel fuels which are useful with diesel engines equipped with exhaust system particulate traps. These fuels contain an effective mount of an organometallic complex to lower the ignition temperature of exhaust particles collected in the trap. The sulfur content of these diesel fuels is no more than about 0.1% by weight, preferably no more than about 0.05% by weight. The organometallic complex is soluble or stably dispersible in the diesel fuel and is derived from (i) an organic compound containing at least two functional groups attached to a hydrocarbon linkage, and (ii) a metal reactant capable of forming a complex with the organic compound (i), the metal being any metal capable of reducing the ignition temperature of the exhaust particles. The functional groups include .dbd.X, --XR, --NR.sub.2, --NO.sub.2, .dbd.NR, .dbd.NXR, .dbd.N--R*--XR, ##STR1## --CN, --N.dbd.NR and --N.dbd.CR.sub.

Abstract: A composition useful as a lubricating oil or fuel additive comprising at least one compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein each Ar is independently an aromatic group having from 4 to about 30 carbon atoms and from 0 to 3 optional substituents, each R is independently hydrocarbyl, R.sup.4 is a monovalent terminating group, each m is independently an integer ranging from 0 to about 10, x ranges from 0 to about 8, each Z is independently OH, lower alkoxy, (OR.sup.5).sub.b OR.sup.6 or 0.sup.- R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.6 are each independently, H or hydrocarbyl, b ranges from 1 to about 30, c from 1 to about 3, and y from 1 to about 10, the sum m+c does not exceed the number of valences of the corresponding Ar available for substitution and at least one A is the group ##STR2## wherein each R.sup.b, R.sup.c, R.sup.d and R.sup.e is independently H, hydroxyhydrocarbyl or hydrocarbyl,X is O, S or NR.sup.a wherein R.sup.

Abstract: Two-stroke cycle engine lubricant and lubricant fuel composition comprise a composition prepared by reacting an aromatic compound of the formula ##STR1## with a carboxylic reactantR.sup.1 CO(CR.sup.2 R.sup.3).sub.x COOR.sup.10and optionally, ammonia or amines.In another embodiment the 2-stroke cycle lubricants contain a carboxylic composition of the formula ##STR2## wherein the various groups are defined herein.

Abstract: This invention relates to low-sulfur diesel fuels which are useful with diesel engines equipped with exhaust system particulate traps. These fuels contain an effective amount of an organometallic complex to lower the ignition temperature of exhaust particles collected in the trap. The sulfur content of these diesel fuels is no more than about 0.1% by weight, preferably no more than about 0.05% by weight. The organometallic complex is soluble or stably dispersible in the diesel fuel and is derived from (i) an organic compound containing at least two functional groups attached to a hydrocarbon linkage, and (ii) a metal reactant capable of forming a complex with the organic compound (i), the metal being any metal capable of reducing the ignition temperature of the exhaust particles. The functional groups include .dbd.X, --XR, --NR.sub.2, --NO.sub.2, .dbd.NR, .dbd.NXR, .dbd.N--R*--XR, ##STR1## --CN, --N.dbd.NR and --N.dbd.CR.sub.

Abstract: Various heterocyclic compounds have been discovered that impart improved fuel economy and friction modification to lubricant and fuel compositions. These heterocyclic compounds of the invention preferably contain nitrogen and may be further reacted with hydrocarbyl carboxylic acid acylating reactants or hydrocarbyl phenolic reactants to give higher molecular materials. These higher molecular weight materials have higher oil-solubility and impart dispersancy properties to lubricant and fuel compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to metal salts of the general formulaA.sup.y- M.sup.y+ (I)wherein M represents one or more metal ions, y is the total valence of all M and A represents one or more anion containing groups having a total of about y individual anionic moieties and each antion containing group is a group of the formula ##STR1## wherein each group in (II) is as described in the specification. These salts find utility in lubricants and fuels other than 2-cycle engine lubricants and fuels.

Abstract: This invention relates to combinations of (A) organometallic complexes and (B) antioxidants. These combinations can be used in diesel fuels for operating diesel engines equipped with exhaust system particulate traps. The combination of (A) and (B) is useful in lowering the ignition temperature of exhaust particles collected in the trap. The organometallic complex (A) is soluble or stably dispersible in the diesel fuel and is derived from (i) an organic compound containing at least two functional groups attached to a hydrocarbon linkage, and (ii) a metal reactant capable of forming a complex with the organic compound (i), the metal being any metal capable of reducing the ignition temperature of the exhaust particles. The functional groups include .dbd.X, --XR, --NR.sub.2, --NO.sub.2, .dbd.NR, .dbd.NXR, .dbd.N--R*--XR, ##STR1## --CN, --N.dbd.NR and --N.dbd.CR.sub.2 ; wherein X is O or S, R is H or hydrocarbyl, R* is hydrocarbylene or hydrocarbylidene, and a is a number (e.g., zero to about 10).

Abstract: A fuel composition comprising a major amount of a normally liquid fuel and a minor amount of at least one compound of the general formula ##STR1## wherein each Ar is independently an aromatic group having from 4 to about 30 carbon atoms and from 0 to 3 optional substituents selected from the group consisting of amino, hydroxy- or alkyl- polyoxyalkyl, nitro, aminoalkyl, carboxy or combinations of two or more of said optional substituents, each R is independently a hydrocarbyl group, R.sup.1 is H or a hydrocarbyl group, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each, independently, H or a hydrocarbyl group, R.sup.4 is a monovalent terminating group, each m is independently 0 or an integer ranging from 1 to about 10, x ranges from 0 to about 8, and each Z is independently OH, lower alkoxy, (OR.sup.5).sub.b OR.sup.6 or O.sup.- wherein each R.sup.5 is independently a divalent hydrocarbyl group, R.sup.

Abstract: Various heterocyclic compounds have been discovered that impart improved fuel economy and friction modification to lubricant and fuel compositions. These heterocyclic compounds of the invention preferably contain nitrogen and may be further reacted with hydrocarbyl carboxylic acid acylating reactants or hydrocarbyl phenolic reactants to give higher molecular materials. These higher molecular weight materials have higher oil-solubility and impart dispersancy properties to lubricant and fuel compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to lubricants for two-cycle engines comprising a major amount of at least one oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor amount of at least one compound of the general formulaA.sup.y- M.sup.y+ (I)wherein M represents one or more metal ions, y is the total valence of all M and A represents one or more anion containing groups having a total of about y individual anionic moieties and each anion containing group is a group of the formula ##STR1## wherein T is selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## Additive concentrates and lubricant-fuel mixtures for two cycle engines are also disclosed as well as methods for operating two-cycle engines.