Abstract: A cell averaging (CA) constant false alarm rate (CFAR) device for use in a radar system which filters noise and clutter from a signal containing a plurality of range cells. A moving window average calculator (MWAC) calculates a moving window average (MWA) for each range cell in a signal. A central processing unit (CPU) estimates a skew factor of a probability density function (PDF) and calculates an offset factor based on information contained in the signal. A multiplying device multiplies the offset factor by the MWA calculated for each range cell and creates a second signal containing a plurality of range cells. A comparator compares each range cell of the second signal to each corresponding range cell of the original signal, selects a the larger value of the two signals, and creates a third signal which is essentially free of noise and clutter.

Abstract: A radar system for identifying an object of interest. A transmitter produces a first signal and a duplexer receives the first signal from the transmitter. An antenna transmits the first signal into the atmosphere and receives a second signal reflected by objects present in the atmosphere. A receiver samples the second signal and develops a third signal. A clutter filter removes a clutter component from the third signal at all frequencies and develops a fourth signal which is free from clutter. An electromagnetic interference (EMI) detection unit identifies EMI present in the fourth signal produced and develops a fifth signal which is free from EMI. A logic device compares the fourth and fifth signals to produce a sixth signal which is free from both clutter and EMI and represents only objects of interest. A display unit receives and displays the sixth signal to allow an operator to track objects of interest.

Abstract: Leak detector arrangement for the detection of small openings in car bodies or other enclosures or containers which may permit undesired passage of water, fumes, or other fluids in which phase coded or linearly frequency modulated sound waves are directed towards potential leak areas. The portion of these waves which pass through the leak openings is received, and these signals are processed so as to discriminate these leak signals from other sound waves normally entering the receiver from other parts or from other sources. The discriminated signals are compared with a threshold so as to determine the absence or presence of a leak.