Abstract: A folded slab waveguide laser having a hybrid waveguide-unstable resonator cavity. Multiple slab waveguides of thickness ‘t’ supporting vertical waveguide modes are physically arranged above one another in a stack and optically arranged in series through one or more cavity folding assemblies with curved mirrors. A gain medium such as a gas is arranged in each slab. Each cavity folding assembly is designed to redirect the radiation beam emitted from one slab waveguide into the next waveguide and also at the same time to provide a focus for the radiation beam so that a selected vertical waveguide mode (or modes) is (or are) coupled efficiently into the next slab.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reliable wireless voice, data and location communication for deployment in underground, industrial and other hazardous environments using a wireless mesh network. The network includes protocol for dispatch operation, emergency operation, remote supervision, remote status, asset control, machine state of health and operational management. The architecture is based on localized clusters of autonomous nodes capable of ad hoc interconnection with nearby nodes and connection to gateway nodes. The resulting network is an ad hoc mesh topology comprised of fixed mesh nodes with approximately 50% coverage overlap between nodes. This provides a reliable communication network for mobile nodes carried by personnel and sensor nodes that are fixed or mobile that supports voice, data and tracking/situation awareness. Each cluster of nodes transfers digital voice and data to gateway nodes either directly or through multi-hop transactions.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reliable wireless voice, data and location communication for deployment in underground, industrial and other hazardous environments using a wireless mesh network. The network includes protocol for dispatch operation, emergency operation, remote supervision, remote status, asset control, machine state of health and operational management. The architecture is based on localized clusters of autonomous nodes capable of ad hoc interconnection with nearby nodes and connection to gateway nodes. The resulting network is an ad hoc mesh topology comprised of fixed mesh nodes with approximately 50% coverage overlap between nodes. This provides a reliable communication network for mobile nodes carried by personnel and sensor nodes that are fixed or mobile that supports voice, data and tracking/situation awareness. Each cluster of nodes transfers digital voice and data to gateway nodes either directly or through multi-hop transactions.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reliable wireless voice, data and location communication for deployment in underground, industrial and other hazardous environments using a wireless mesh network. The network includes protocol for dispatch operation, emergency operation, remote supervision, remote status, asset control, machine state of health and operational management. The architecture is based on localized clusters of autonomous nodes capable of ad hoc interconnection with nearby nodes and connection to gateway nodes. The resulting network is an ad hoc mesh topology comprised of fixed mesh nodes with approximately 50% coverage overlap between nodes. This provides a reliable communication network for mobile nodes carried by personnel and sensor nodes that are fixed or mobile that supports voice, data and tracking/situation awareness. Each cluster of nodes transfers digital voice and data to gateway nodes either directly or through multi-hop transactions.

Abstract: A method for forming a protocol structure for use in an ad hoc, distributed, scaleable wireless sensor node network which enables nodes to join the network autonomously without there being a designated, permanent central time reference and for enabling such nodes to synchronize timing with each other and with other nodes in the network. The method involves discovering the active channel changing sequence used by the network, synchronizing communications of a new node with the remainder of the nodes in the network and scanning communications channels to detect merging clusters of nodes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reliable wireless voice, data and location communication for deployment in underground, industrial and other hazardous environments using a wireless mesh network. The network includes protocol for dispatch operation, emergency operation, remote supervision, remote status, asset control, machine state of health and operational management. The architecture is based on localized clusters of autonomous nodes capable of ad hoc interconnection with nearby nodes and connection to gateway nodes. The resulting network is an ad hoc mesh topology comprised of fixed mesh nodes with approximately 50% coverage overlap between nodes. This provides a reliable communication network for mobile nodes carried by personnel and sensor nodes that are fixed or mobile that supports voice, data and tracking/situation awareness. Each cluster of nodes transfers digital voice and data to gateway nodes either directly or through multi-hop transactions.

Abstract: A method for forming a protocol structure for use in an ad hoc, distributed, scaleable wireless sensor node network which enables nodes to join the network autonomously without there being a designated, permanent central time reference and for enabling such nodes to synchronize timing with each other and with other nodes in the network. The method involves discovering the active channel changing sequence used by the network, synchronizing communications of a new node with the remainder of the nodes in the network and scanning communications channels to detect merging clusters of nodes.

Abstract: A simplified method of controlling the operating mode of a wireless communications device, particularly the speaker mode, includes operating a wireless communications device according to a selected default mode. The method of audio output, such as through a loud speaker or through a quieter speaker, is determined, at least in part by the default mode setting. The device includes at least a first key and a second key. Pressing the first key causes the device to automatically initiate a call session in radio mode and stay in radio mode until the end of the call session. On the other hand, pressing the second key causes the device to automatically initiate a call session in phone mode and stay in phone mode until the end of the call session. In either case, the wireless communications device reverts to the default mode when the call session ends.

Abstract: A communications terminal, such as a wireless mobile terminal, is supplied with an indication of group call characteristics for incoming group calls so as to distinguish such calls from other types of incoming calls. A Group Call Server in charge of the group call may selectively augment the calling party number field of the paging message with one or more indicator “flag characters,” indicating one or more characteristics of the group call, such as call type, call subtype, or priority level. The communications terminal receives the group call paging message and selects the appropriate response to the paging message based on the flag characters. The communications terminal preferably examines the calling party field of the paging message and notes the presence of the flag characters. When the flag characters are present, the communications terminal parses out the flag characters and calling party ID.

Abstract: A method of establishing a group call in a wireless communications system includes a group call server supplying mobile terminals of a certain type with an indication of call type, and optionally other information, for group calls so as to distinguish such calls from other types of calls. The group call server in charge of the group call may selectively augment the calling party number field of the outgoing paging message with one or more indicator flags when the targeted mobile terminal is adapted to receive and act upon such information. The indicator flags indicate one or more characteristics of the group call, such as call type, call subtype, or priority level. One flag may indicate priority level and another may indicate the call subtype of the group call. The mobile terminals receiving the augmented paging message base their response, such as to auto-answer or not, on the group call characteristics indicated in the paging message.

Abstract: A secondary cellular backup device provides a secondary communication path to a cellular network for customer premise equipment (CPE) in case a primary broadband communication path is disrupted. A secondary device consistent with the invention may be connected directly to an existing household communication network such as telephone wiring or a cellular network to share the existing network with CPE. As such, the secondary device may be connected in parallel with other devices sharing a telephone wiring communication network. A method of connecting a secondary backup device for providing lifeline backup services and a method for switching between a primary broadband communication path and a secondary communication path is also provided.

Abstract: The invention includes a method for processing group calls. A group list is created having a plurality of group members and preferably includes for each group member whether the group member requires an affirmative response when contacted, and an identifier. A request is received from an originator to contact the group members. At least one of the group members is contacted, and an affirmative response is requested. After receiving the affirmative response, the originator and group member are connected. If no affirmative response is received, the group member is not connected with the originator.

Abstract: A group call server supplies communications terminals of a certain type with an indication of call type, and optionally other information, for group calls so as to distinguish such calls from other types of calls. The group call server in charge of the group call may selectively augment the calling party number field of the outgoing paging message with one or more indicator flags when the targeted communications terminal is adapted to receive and act upon such information. The indicator flags indicate one or more characteristics of the group call, such as call type, call subtype, or priority level. One flag may indicate priority level and another may indicate the call subtype of the group call. The communications terminals receiving the augmented paging message will base their response, such as to auto-answer or not, on the group call characteristics indicated in the paging message.

Abstract: A simplified method of assigning a call address to a PTT key for speed dialing in radio mode. The existing call addresses stored in memory are reviewed by the user and one of the call addresses is chosen as the default call address. This default call address is associated with a particular hot key, such as the PTT key. Thereafter, when the hot key is pressed to initiate a call without another call address currently pending, the default call address is used to initiate the call in radio mode. In preferred embodiments, the user may assign the call address to be the default without having to move the call address information from one memory location to another. Likewise, the user may change the call address assigned to be the default without having to move the call address information from one memory location to another. Thus, the present invention provides a simpler and less error prone procedure.