Abstract: A surface profiler 10 has a forward support wheel 20, an intermediate support wheel 21 and a rearward support wheel 22 for travelling along a surface, the profile of which is to be measured. The wheels 20, 21, 22 are spaced apart at predetermined distances longitudinally of the direction of travel for travel along substantially the same line along the surface. The profiler 10 further comprises a forward frame member 40 supported by the forward and intermediate support wheels 20, 21 and a rearward frame member 41, supported by the intermediate and rearward support wheels 21, 22. The forward and rearward frame members 40, 41 are pivotally connected together about the rotation axis of the intermediate support wheel 21. Angle measuring means 30 is provided for measuring the relative orientation of the forward and rearward frame members 40, 41 with respect to the rotation axis of the intermediate support wheel 21.

Abstract: A surface profiling apparatus comprises a vehicle with a body having ground engaging wheels for supporting the body. An arm is pivotally mounted on the body at one end of the arm and a sensing wheel is rotatably connected to the arm at the other end thereof. Means for measuring the inclination of the arm relative to the horizontal position and distance measuring means for determining the distance travelled by the body are provided. A computer is included for correlating the distance and inclination data obtained, which results can be stored on a removable solid state memory device for transfer to an external computer for further analysis and calculations.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus to determine the position, velocity and orientation of an object with respect to an observation point. It consists of placing a sensor spaced from the object and placed at the observation point which will emit two non-parallel beams of light toward the object. Retroreflectors on the object will reflect the light in opposite direction to generate pulses of reflected light caused by the angular relative motion between the incident beam of light and the retroreflectors. A processor can be used to provide an indication of the position, velocity and orientation of the object based on the time interval between reflected pulses.