Abstract: An architectural transparency includes a substrate; a first dielectric layer over at least a portion of the substrate, a first metallic layer over the first dielectric layer, a first primer layer over the first metallic layer, a second dielectric layer over the first primer layer, a second metallic layer over the second dielectric layer, a second primer layer over the second metallic layer, a third dielectric layer over the second primer layer, a third metallic layer over the third dielectric layer, a third primer layer over the third dielectric layer, and a fourth dielectric layer over the third primer layer. At least one of the metallic layers is a subcritical metallic layer.

Abstract: A method of tinting or coloring glass. The following layers are deposited onto the glass: a first dielectric layer, a subcritical metallic layer; a primer layer; and a second dielectric layer. Alternatively, these layers may be deposited onto the glass: a first dielectric layer, a subcritical metallic layer; and a second dielectric layer. Alternatively, the invention is a coated article that includes a substrate, a first dielectric layer, an absorbing layer, and a second dielectric layer over the primer layer. The absorbing layer can be Inconel, titanium nitride, cobalt chrome (stellite), or nickel chrome material, and has a thickness in the range of 50 ? to 150 ?.

Abstract: A method of tinting or coloring glass. The following layers are deposited onto the glass: a first dielectric layer, a subcritical metallic layer; a primer layer; and a second dielectric layer. Alternatively, these layers may be deposited onto the glass: a first dielectric layer, a subcritical metallic layer; and a second dielectric layer. Alternatively, the invention is a coated article that includes a substrate, a first dielectric layer, an absorbing layer, and a second dielectric layer over the primer layer. The absorbing layer can be Inconel, titanium nitride, cobalt chrome (stellite), or nickel chrome material, and has a thickness in the range of 50 ? to 150 ?.

Abstract: One or more embodiments relate to a sensor configuration system comprising at least one device configured to sense a first parameter; at least one device configured to sense a second parameter, and at least one interrogator device. The at least one device configured to sense the second parameter interfaces with the at least one device configured to sense the first parameter, and the at least one interrogator device interfaces both the at least one device configured to sense the first parameter and the at least one device configured to sense the second parameter where the at least one interrogator device spatially interrogates both the at least one device configured to sense the first parameter and the at least one device configured to sense the second parameter.

Abstract: Materials, methods of making, and methods of sensing liquid droplets with high spatial resolution as a signature of the on-set of corrosion using a hierarchical sensor network A hierarchical sensor network for sensing liquid droplets with high spatial resolution as a signature of the on-set of corrosion, including an interrogation system; and an intermediate sensor array layer in communication with the interrogation system. The network includes an interrogation system and an intermediate sensor array layer in communication with the interrogation system.

Abstract: A method to detect the presence and or concentration of an analyte in the environment of a spoof plasmon sensor having the steps of: providing a spoof plasmon sensor into an environment; interrogating said spoof plasmon sensor with an electromagnetic signal; collecting a modified electromagnetic signal from the spoof plasmon sensor; and analyzing the modified electromagnetic signal to detect an analyte in the environment of the sensor. A spoof plasmon sensor for detecting an analyte having a substrate with a superior surface; and a conductive material disposed on said superior surface, said conductive material defining a waveguide having a dual tapering shape, wherein said waveguide defines spoof plasmon cavities which are exposed substrate, where said substrate is configured to change in permittivity when contacted by an analyte.

Abstract: A system for determining pH of a fluid and a method to determine the pH of a fluid contacting a sensor, the method having the steps of: providing the sensor to an environment such that the sensor is in contact with the fluid, wherein the sensor features a fiber extending between a first end and a second end along a longitudinal axis, wherein the fiber further features a medial portion positioned between the first and second ends, wherein the sensor further features a pH sensitive coating on the medial portion of the fiber, and wherein the pH sensitive material features a metal oxide including but not limited to SiO2, TiO2, ZrO2, Ta2O5, A2O3, and combinations thereof; interrogating the sensor with an optical signal; collecting a modified optical signal after the sensor has been interrogated; and determining the pH of the fluid contacting the pH sensor using the modified optical signal.

Abstract: A method of tinting or coloring glass. The following layers are deposited onto the glass: a first dielectric layer, a subcritical metallic layer; a primer layer; and a second dielectric layer. Alternatively, these layers may be deposited onto the glass: a first dielectric layer, a subcritical metallic layer; and a second dielectric layer. Alternatively, the invention is a coated article that includes a substrate, a first dielectric layer, an absorbing layer, and a second dielectric layer over the primer layer. The absorbing layer can be Inconel, titanium nitride, cobalt chrome (stellite), or nickel chrome material, and has a thickness in the range of 50 ? to 150 ?.

Abstract: Materials, methods of making, and methods of sensing liquid droplets with high spatial resolution as a signature of the on-set of corrosion using a hierarchical sensor network A hierarchical sensor network for sensing liquid droplets with high spatial resolution as a signature of the on-set of corrosion, including an interrogation system; and an intermediate sensor array layer in communication with the interrogation system. The network includes an interrogation system and an intermediate sensor array layer in communication with the interrogation system.

Abstract: A method for evaluating the pH of an aqueous solution by utilizing the optical properties of a pH sensing material comprised of plurality of optically active nanoparticles dispersed in matrix material. The optically active nanoparticles have an electronic conductivity greater than about 10?1 S/cm and generally have an average nanoparticle diameter of less that about 500 nanometers, and the matrix material is a material which experiences a change in surface charge density over a pH range from 2.0 to 12.0 of at least 1%. The method comprises contacting the pH sensing material and the aqueous solution, illuminating the pH sensing material, and monitoring an optical signal generated through comparison of incident light and exiting light to determine the optical transmission, absorption, reflection, and/or scattering of the pH sensitive material. The optical signal of the pH sensitive material varies in response to the pH of the aqueous solution.

Abstract: A method of tinting or coloring glass. The following layers are deposited onto the glass: a first dielectric layer, a subcritical metallic layer; a primer layer; and a second dielectric layer. Alternatively, these layers may be deposited onto the glass: a first dielectric layer, a subcritical metallic layer; and a second dielectric layer. Alternatively, the invention is a coated article that includes a substrate, a first dielectric layer, an absorbing layer, and a second dielectric layer over the primer layer. The absorbing layer can be Inconel, titanium nitride, cobalt chrome (stellite), or nickel chrome material, and has a thickness in the range of 50 ? to 150 ?.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a glass composition that includes: 57 to 75 percent by weight of SiO2; 3 to 11 percent by weight of Al2O3; 6 to 11 percent by weight of Na2O; 16 to 21 percent by weight of CaO; 0.01 to 0.1 percent by weight of Li2O; and less than 0.05 percent by weight of K2O. Each percent by weight is based on total weight of the glass composition. Glass products are also provided that have a bulk glass composition as described above. The glass products, such as flat glass products and glass substrates, have a strain point of at least 590° C. and a thermal expansion of at least 7.4 ppm/° C. The present invention also relates to magnetic recording articles and photovoltaic cells that include a glass substrate that has a bulk glass composition as described above.

Abstract: An architectural transparency includes a substrate; a first dielectric layer over at least a portion of the substrate, a first metallic layer over the first dielectric layer, a first primer layer over the first metallic layer, a second dielectric layer over the first primer layer, a second metallic layer over the second dielectric layer, a second primer layer over the second metallic layer, a third dielectric layer over the second primer layer, a third metallic layer over the third dielectric layer, a third primer layer over the third dielectric layer, and a fourth dielectric layer over the third primer layer. At least one of the metallic layers is a subcritical metallic layer.

Abstract: A coated article includes a substrate, a first dielectric layer, a subcritical metallic layer having discontinuous metallic regions, a primer over the subcritical layer, and a second dielectric layer over the primer layer. The primer can be a nickel-chromium alloy. The primer can be a multilayer primer having a first layer of a nickel-chromium alloy and a second layer of titania. The subcritical layer can contain copper and silver.

Abstract: An architectural transparency includes a substrate; a first dielectric layer over at least a portion of the substrate, a first metallic layer over the first dielectric layer, a first primer layer over the first metallic layer, a second dielectric layer over the first primer layer, a second metallic layer over the second dielectric layer, a second primer layer over the second metallic layer, a third dielectric layer over the second primer layer, a third metallic layer over the third dielectric layer, a third primer layer over the third dielectric layer, and a fourth dielectric layer over the third primer layer. At least one of the metallic layers is a subcritical metallic layer.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to methods, systems and apparatus for detecting corrosion using a detector apparatus with a host component. The method includes a detector apparatus. The detector apparatus includes an energy source; a corrosion proxy thin film that corrodes at a rate where the normalized change of mass of the film over time is greater than the normalized change of mass of the bulk material of the host component in a harsh environment; and the detector, wherein the detector is capable of detecting a change in energy due to corrosion of the corrosion proxy thin film. The method includes exposing the host component and the corrosion proxy thin film to the harsh environment; and detecting a change in energy using the detector due to corrosion of the corrosion proxy thin film.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an apparatus, method and process for detecting rare earth elements. The system includes an LED powered by a first power source and a focusing lens in optical communication with the LED. A shortpass filter is in optical communication with the focusing lens; and a fiber bifurcated cable in optical communication with the shortpass filter. The system includes a probe tip in optical communication with the fiber bifurcated cable and a sample; a first aspheric lens in optical communication with the fiber bifurcated cable. A longpass filter is in optical communication with the first aspheric lens and a second aspheric lens in optical communication with the longpass filter. The system includes a spectrometer connected to a power source, where the spectrometer is in optical communication with the second aspheric lens.

Abstract: Methods and systems including a microwave radiation source are described. A first region of a pure magnetic field can be generated in a first processing zone using a microwave radiation source of the first processing zone. The first processing zone can be a single mode microwave radiation chamber. A second region of a pure electric field can be generated in the first processing zone using the microwave radiation source. The second region can be spatially distinct from the first region. A first portion of an amorphous alloy can be loaded automatically into the first processing zone. The first portion can be positioned in an annealing region. The annealing region can be a single field region selected from the first region and the second region. The first portion can be heated in the annealing region. The first portion can be automatically unloaded from the first processing zone.

Abstract: The method presented uses thermally emissive materials for the extraction of heat through the use of electromagnetic waveguides, wherein the emissive material comprises materials which emit electromagnetic radiation due to thermal excitation, wherein the electromagnetic radiation is coupled to electromagnetic waveguides; a receiver adapted to receive the electromagnetic radiation for utilization, wherein the extracted electromagnetic radiation may propagate arbitrary distances inside the waveguides before the need for processing, for example, to maximize the temperature differential between the emissive material and that of the receiver; and the exchange of the chemical composition of some portion of the environment the apparatus is housed in. The thermal energy extraction apparatus described herein has the purpose of removing heat from a source for conversion to other forms of energy such as electricity and for thermal management applications.

Abstract: A coated article includes a substrate, a first dielectric layer, a subcritical metallic layer having discontinuous metallic regions, a primer over the subcritical layer, and a second dielectric layer over the primer layer. The primer can be a nickel-chromium alloy. The primer can be a multilayer primer having a first layer of a nickel-chromium alloy and a second layer of titania. The subcritical layer can contain copper and silver.