Abstract: This document describes a urinary catheter assembly that can reduce the need for a user to handle the urinary catheter directly, thereby reducing the likelihood of a urinary tract infection and making the cathing process less messy. In one aspect, a urinary catheter apparatus and methods for voiding a human's bladder and enabling a human patient to void his or her bladder are provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved process for the production of alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides corresponding to formula (I):R.sup.1 O-?G!.sub.p (I)in which R.sup.1 is an alkyl and/or alkenyl radical containing 4 to 22 carbon atoms, G is a sugar unit containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is a number of 1 to 10, by acid-catalyzed acetalization of primary alcohols with monomeric carbohydrates, in which the reaction is carried out in a stirred tank reactor surmounted by a vacuum falling-film evaporator through which the mixture is pumped under reaction conditions.

Abstract: Alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglucosides can be produced at high reaction rates by a process in which glucose having a particle size distribution of at least 80% in the 20 to 300 .mu.m range is subjected to acidic acetalization with fatty alcohols. Products having a high percentage content of mono-glucosides are obtained.

Abstract: Light-colored lower alkyl oligoglucosides having a low polyglucose content can be obtained in short reaction times by a process in whicha) aqueous glucose sirup is added to a mixture of a lower alcohol and an acidic catalyst at elevated temperatures via an inline mixer,b) the water present in the reaction mixture and the water released are azeotropically distilled off continuously andc) after the addition of glucose sirup, the reaction mixture is subjected to heating until at least 99% of the glucose is reacted.

Abstract: The aliphatic primary alcohols are reacted with a glycose, more especially glucose, in the presence of an acidic catalyst in certain process steps so that particularly light-colored and alkali-stable alkyl glucosides are obtained after a subsequent, compulsory bleaching step, which represents an improvement over known direct synthesis processes. The process may be carried out both on a laboratory scale and also on an industrial production scale.

Abstract: Water-based surfactant pastes, more particularly those containing nonionic surfactants of the alkyl glycoside type, are effectively stabilized against microbial infestation if, after oxidative bleaching to eliminate alkali-sensitive color bodies, they are adjusted to a pH value of at least 11 by addition of alkaline substances.

Abstract: A process for the production of free-flowing detergent granules or partial granules comprising the steps of:(a) providing an interiorly baffled, rotatable drying apparatus capable of rotating at high speeds;(b) introducing water-containing alkyl or alkenyl oligoglycoside pastes into the rotatable, drying apparatus;(c) introducing into the drying apparatus detergent components selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, detergent builders, and mixtures thereof; and(d) simultaneously drying and granulating the water-containing alkyl or alkenyl oligolycoside pastes and detergent components.

Abstract: The crude reaction products from the synthesis of alkyl glycosides are bleached by kneading the material substantially freed from the excess fatty alcohol and containing at most limited quantities of water with an oxidizing agent at such elevated temperatures that the reaction mixture lends itself to plastic processing. Temperatures of from about 50.degree. to 150.degree. C. are particularly suitable, although it is best to apply temperatures in the range from about 80.degree. to 100.degree. C. using aqueous hydrogen peroxide as the oxidizing agent. Bleaching is carried out under basic conditions, optionally by addition of an alkaline compound, such as for example 50% sodium hydroxide solution. The bleached product accumulates in the form of a solid. It is preferably mixed with typical compatible solids, more particularly typical constituents of detergents and cleaning preparations, to form a solid and preferably free-flowing alkyl glycoside compound.

Abstract: Alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides can be obtained in short reaction times and high yields by a process in which glycose is reacted with fatty alcohols at elevated temperature in the presence of sulfomonocarboxylic acids containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, carboxylic anhydrides thereof and/or mixed cyclic sulfonic/carboxylic anhydrides thereof as acidic catalysts, the water of reaction is removed and the reaction products are worked up.

Abstract: Light-colored alkyl or alkenyl oligoglucosides are obtained by a process in which glucose or aqueous starch degradation products are reacted with fatty alcohols in the presence of acidic catalysts which are obtained by partial sulfation of C.sub.4-22 fatty alcohols.

Abstract: Ether carboxylic acids of the formula (I):R--(OC.sub.m H.sub.2m).sub.n --O--CH.sub.2 COOM (I)wherein R is an alkyl group having from 1 to about 22 carbon atoms, an aryl group or an aralkyl group; m is 2 or 3; n is a number from 1 to about 200; M is an alkali metal are made by oxidation of an ether alcohol wherein the ether alcohol, oxygen, and an alkali metal hydroxide are continuously added to an aqueous dispersion of a noble metal catalyst under reduced pressure.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fluid to pasty, phosphate-free washing agent, containing, based on the washing agent, (A) a tenside component of 20 to 35% w/w which comprises (A1) 1 to 4% w/w of anionic tensides of the class of sulphonates and soaps, (A2) 16 to 34% w/w non-ionic tensides with a setting point of, at the highest, 10.degree. C., (B) 10 to 35% w/w builder salts which are either complexing or which bind alkaline earth metal ions, (C) 15 to 40% w/w sodium metasilicate, (D) 8 to 25% w/w bleaching per-salts, (E) up to 15% w/w other washing agent ingredients, (F) less than 3% w/w water, with the proviso that the sum of components B+C=30 to 60% w/w.

Abstract: The use of a fatty oil ex Helianthus annuus containing 78 to 92% by weight oleic acid and 2 to 10% by weight linoleic acid for the production of diperazelaic acid, with elimination of enrichment steps with respect to the oleic acid content, by fat splitting, distillation, oxidative ozonolysis of the fatty acid mixture obtained, and reaction of the azelaic acid thus obtained with hydrogen peroxide to form diperazelaic acid. The resulting diperazelaic acid has improved stability in storage and is obtained in high yields and in highly pure form.

Abstract: A liquid detergent based on nonionic and anionic surfactants, and optionally particulate builder materials, contains a non-surfactant component which increases the wash efficiency, comprising the combination of low-polarity and mid- to high-polarity organic liquids. The low-polarity liquids are hydrocarbons, while the mid- to high-polarity liquids are esters, ethers, ketones or alcohols. The detergents have a satisfactory viscosity behavior, good miscibility with water and good wash efficiency.

Abstract: A foam regulator consisting essentially of a mixture, applied to a particulate support material, of (a) 5 to 60% of a paraffin wax, (b) 20 to 90% of a microcrystalline paraffin wax which shows defined melting behavior as a function of temperature and (c) 5% to 20% of a diamide derived from C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 diamines and C.sub.12 -C.sub.22 fatty acids which is present in the paraffin mixture in very finely divided form. The mixture is preferably prepared by reaction of the diamines with the fatty acids in a molten mixture of components (a) and (b) in the presence of an acidic catalyst.

Abstract: Bicyclic decanedioic acids corresponding to the following general formula ##STR1## in which R represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.22 alkyl radical, a C.sub.2 -C.sub.34 alkylcarbonyl radical, or a residue of a polyalkoxylated C.sub.2 -C.sub.22 fatty alcohol, represent a new class of dicarboxylic acids which are useful as flotation aids in the flotation of non-sulfidic ores.

Abstract: A process for the ozonization of unsaturated organic compounds in a reaction column through which the unsaturated compounds--in solution in a protic solvent--and an ozone-containing carrier gas and an inert coolant are passed downward in co-current flow to provide for an improved coolant effect and an increased ozonization yield where the coolant comprises a compound gaseous or liquid at ambient temperature with a boiling point preferably in the range from +20.degree. C. to -200.degree. C. The boiling point of the coolant is preferably at least 5.degree. C. below the ozonization temperature.

Abstract: The invention provides a substantially anhydrous gas-free liquid detergent based on non-ionic surfactants containing a liquid surfactant component comprising adducts of from 2 to 8 moles ethylene oxide with 1 mole C.sub.10-20 - fatty alcohol, anionic surfactant, and low molecular weight polyethylene glycol. The liquid surfactant component makes up at least 20% by weight of the detergent as a whole; the ratio of fatty alcohol ethoxylate to anionic surfactant is from 1:1 to 2:1; and the detergent has a density of from 1.4 to 1.8. Typically, the detergent includes a particulate solids component which is incorporated with the liquid components as separate component fractions of differing particle size.

Abstract: A machine washing process with process-controlled dosing of water and detergent using a paste-form, phosphate-reduced or phosphate-free detergent which is substantially free from water, organic solvents and hydrotropic compounds. The paste comprises a phase liquid at a temperature below 10.degree. C. and contains a nonionic surfactant selected from the group of polyglycolether compounds and of a solid phase dispersed therein in which the particles have a mean particle size of from 5 to 40 .mu.m and less than 5% of the particles have a particle size larger than 80 .mu.m, the solid phase comprising washing alkalis, sequestering compounds and other detergent constituents and, optionally, anionic surfactants. Under the control of a process-control computer, the paste is taken from a storage container, delivered to a mixer and diluted therein with water to at least such an extent that the formation of a gel phase is avoided.

Abstract: The use of a fatty oil ex Helianthus annuus containing 78 to 92% by weight oleic acid and 2 to 10% by weight linoleic acid for the production of .Iadd.azelaic acid or for the production of .Iaddend.diperazelaic acid .Iadd.from the azelaic acid thus produced.Iaddend., with elimination of enrichment steps with respect to the oleic acid content, by fat splitting, distillation, oxidative ozonolysis of the fatty acid mixture obtained, and .Iadd.in the case of production of diperazelaic acid by .Iaddend.reaction of the azelaic acid thus obtained with hydrogen peroxide to form diperazelaic acid. The resulting diperazelaic acid has improved stability in storage and is obtained in high yields and in highly pure form.