Abstract: Non-effervescent pharmaceutical compositions having at least one particle of carbonate coated by a layer of polyethylene glycol that substantially covers the at least one carbonate particle are described. Compositions are also described where the compositions include a weakly basic therapeutic agent, a first pH-modifying agent having at least one particle of carbonate coated by a layer of polyethylene glycol, and a second pH-modifying agent. The weakly basic therapeutic agent could be, but is not limited to, zolpidem or scopolamine. Compositions including zolpidem and scopolamine are used to treat insomnia and depression, respectively.

Abstract: Compositions for once-daily administration of ondansetron are described. Compositions include a core, a semi-permeable membrane disposed generally around the core, an orifice in the semi-permeable membrane in fluid communication with the core, and a coating having a first therapeutically effective dose of ondansetron or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt disposed generally around the semi-permeable membrane. The core includes first, second, and third layers. The first layer is in fluid communication with the orifice. The second layer includes a second therapeutically effective dose of ondansetron or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt and is located adjacent to the first layer. The third layer is located adjacent the second layer. Methods for treating obsessive compulsive disorder by administering these compositions are also described.

Abstract: Methods of inducing antinociception in a human are described. The method includes the step of administering an effective dose of a polypeptide comprising L-neo-tryptophan to the human extracranially. The polypeptide containing L-neo-tryptophan could be, but is not limited to, NT64L, NT65L, NT66L, NT67L, NT69L, NT69L?, NT71, NT72, NT73, NT74, NT75, NT76, or NT77.

Abstract: Non-effervescent pharmaceutical compositions having at least one particle of carbonate coated by a layer of polyethylene glycol that substantially covers the at least one carbonate particle are described. Compositions are also described where the compositions include a weakly basic therapeutic agent, a first pH-modifying agent having at least one particle of carbonate coated by a layer of polyethylene glycol, and a second pH-modifying agent. The weakly basic therapeutic agent could be, but is not limited to, zolpidem or scopolamine. Compositions including zolpidem and scopolamine are used to treat insomnia and depression, respectively.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions for buccal delivery of zolpidem comprising an effective amount of zolpidem and a carbonate and bicarbonate buffer system in an amount sufficient to raise the pH of saliva to at least 8.5, and wherein the carbonate forms a coating on the bicarbonate wherein the amount of carbonate coating is at least 30% (w/w) of the total buffer amount are described. Pharmaceutical compositions for buccal delivery of zolpidem comprising an effective amount of zolpidem and a binary buffer system of carbonate and bicarbonate, wherein the carbonate and bicarbonate are co-located in a single particle, wherein the bicarbonate is coated with the carbonate, and wherein the amount of carbonate coating is at least 30% (w/w) of the binary buffer system are also described.

Abstract: Non-effervescent pharmaceutical compositions having at least one particle of carbonate coated by a layer of polyethylene glycol that substantially covers the at least one carbonate particle are described. Compositions are also described where the compositions include a weakly basic therapeutic agent, a first pH-modifying agent having at least one particle of carbonate coated by a layer of polyethylene glycol, and a second pH-modifying agent. The weakly basic therapeutic agent could, but is not limited to, be zolpidem or scopolamine. Compositions including zolpidem and scopolamine are used to treat insomnia and depression, respectively.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions for buccal delivery of zolpidem comprising an effective amount of zolpidem and a carbonate and bicarbonate buffer system in an amount sufficient to raise the pH of saliva to at least 8.5 irrespective of starting pH, and wherein the carbonate forms a coating on the bicarbonate wherein the amount of carbonate coating is at least 30% (w/w) of the total buffer amount are described. Methods of treating insomnia in a subject are described, the method including the step of administering to the subject the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention, wherein the administering is on an as-needed basis. Method of treating MOTN insomnia in a subject are also described.