Abstract: A steam generation boiler having a reaction chamber formed by a bottom portion in a lower portion, a roof portion at an upper portion, and walls extending vertically between the bottom portion and the roof portion. The walls include vertical end walls having a tapering wall section that tapers symmetrically with respect to its middle axis towards the bottom portion, in which (i) a first group of steam pipes in the tapering wall section including steam pipes on both sides of the middle axis, pass at an angle with respect to the middle axis in a wall plane of the tapering wall section, and from the wall plane into the reaction chamber, and (ii) a second group of steam pipes arranged to pass to the bottom portion along the wall plane.

Abstract: An expansion joint in a vertical channel suitable for conducting hot particles. The expansion joint includes an upper channel portion including a lower end portion with a lower edge. A lower channel portion is sealingly connected by a flexible element connected on an outer side of the vertical channel. The lower channel portion includes an upper end portion with a horizontally extending upper plane. In a predetermined vertical level range, the upper end portion telescopically overlaps the lower end portion in a spaced relationship, to permit relative axial and lateral movements of the upper channel portion and the lower channel portion, whereby the upper plane is at a higher level than the lower edge. A sealing ring, including mutually connected sealing blocks positioned on an outer circumference of the lower end portion, is arranged on the upper plane.

Abstract: A centrifugal separator assembly including a polygonal separator chamber formed of planar wall sections joined with each other to provide a substantially gas tight structure and having at least four pairs of planar opposite wall sections. The chamber includes a tapered portion formed by having a first inward bending in each of the wall sections. The tapered portion extends as a discharge channel for separated particles from the separator chamber, which discharge channel is formed of first and second pairs of opposite wall sections being perpendicular to each other. In the discharge channel for separated particles, the first pair of wall sections extends into the area between the second pair of wall sections.

Abstract: A fluidized bed reactor arrangement includes at least a bottom portion, a roof portion, and at least one side wall vertically extending between the bottom portion and the roof portion. The side wall is arranged to be inclined at the lower portion in such a manner that the cross section of a reaction chamber of the reactor diminishes towards the bottom portion. The fluidized bed reactor arrangement also includes a heat exchange chamber, in which the inclined side wall forms a partition wall between a heat exchange chamber and the reaction chamber. The rear wall of the heat exchange chamber is connected to the side wall of the reaction chamber from the upper portion of the rear wall at a connection area in such a manner that the direction thereof aligns with the direction of the side wall at least at the connection.

Abstract: A method of supporting walls of a hanging furnace of a thermal power boiler, in which method, the walls, being formed of vertical water tubes, are supported horizontally at least by means of buckstays, and vertical pillars, located outside the buckstays, are attached to the ground or the foundations of a boiler building. The method includes attaching beams to the outer surface of the water tube walls, parallel with the vertical water tubes of the walls. Buckstays are attached to the outer surface of the beams. The buckstays are positioned substantially perpendicular to the vertical water tubes of the walls. At least two of the walls, located on opposite sides of the furnace, are connected to the vertical pillars by means of the beams and by an attachment connected directly to the beams and to the pillars, in such a way that pressure loads directed perpendicularly to the water tube walls are transferred by means of the vertical pillars to at least one rigid plane surrounding the boiler.

Abstract: A steam generation boiler includes a bottom portion and a roof portion, as well as walls that extend vertically between the bottom portion and the roof portion, thus forming a reaction chamber of the steam generation boiler, the walls of which reaction chamber embody a structure that includes steam generator pipes. The steam generation boiler includes, in its lower portion, at least one wall section tapering towards the bottom portion. A first group of steam pipes in the tapering wall section is arranged to pass from the wall plane into the reaction chamber and to extend from the wall plane to the bottom portion of the steam generation boiler on the side of the reaction chamber forming a wall in the reaction chamber, and a second group of steam pipes is arranged to pass to the bottom portion along the wall plane.

Abstract: A separator construction, connectable to a fluidized bed boiler having a furnace, for circulating bed material and returning the material to the furnace. The separator construction includes walls, a ceiling, an inlet conduit, an outlet conduit in flow communication with a flue gas channel located above the separator, and a suspending device connecting the separator to a supporting structure in a building housing the boiler. The suspending device is formed of a frame arranged between the flue gas channel and the separator in connection with an upper circumference of the wall of the separator, and hanger rods or wires connecting the frame directly to the supporting structure.

Abstract: A thermal power boiler includes a furnace having a rear wall, a flue gas channel connected to the furnace, the flue gas channel including a back pass arranged on the rear wall side of the furnace, and a pre-heater for combustion air provided with an inlet channel for flue gas, the upper portion of the inlet channel for flue gas being connected to the lower portion of the back pass, and a flow channel for combustion air arranged adjacent to the inlet channel for flue gas, leading pre-heated combustion air to the furnace. The inlet channel for flue gas includes two adjacent channel portions that are connected to opposite sides of the back pass.

Abstract: A fluidized bed reactor includes a bottom portion, a roof portion and side walls vertically extending between the bottom portion and the roof portion, forming a reaction chamber of the fluidized bed reactor. A solids separator is in connection with the reaction chamber. At least one side wall of the reaction chamber forms at least one indentation in the reaction chamber, which indentation is substantially vertical and extends from the plane of the side wall towards the reaction chamber.

Abstract: A thermal power boiler includes a furnace enclosed by two short side walls and two long side walls, flue gas channels arranged above the furnace, a back pass and a supporting structure. The supporting structure includes a stationary bearing structure supported from below. The bearing structure includes multiple vertical pillars and a parallel main supporting beams supported by the vertical pillars, and a suspension structure, so that the furnace hangs from the bearing structure. The main supporting beams and the flue gas channels arranged above the furnace are parallel with each other and parallel with the short side walls. The main supporting beams are preferably arranged at least partially between the flue gas channels extending over the roof of the furnace.

Abstract: A circulating fluidized bed boiler includes a rectangular furnace which is horizontally enclosed by a front wall, a back wall and two sidewalls, and multiple particle separators connected to the upper portion of each of the front wall and the back wall. Each particle separator includes a gas outlet, and flue gas duct system connected to the gas outlets for conducting cleaned flue gas to a back pass. The particle separators are arranged in pairs of particle separators. Each pair of particle separators includes a front separator arranged adjacent to the front wall and a back separator arranged adjacent to the back wall. The flue gas duct system includes cross over ducts, each cross over duct connecting the gas outlet of a front separator of a pair of particle separators, across and over the furnace, to the gas outlet of the back separator of the same pair of particle separators, and to the back pass, which back pass is arranged on the back wall side of the furnace.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for supporting walls of the furnace of a thermal power boiler, in which the furnace is suspended to hang on a supporting plane of the upper portion of steel structures especially arranged for the purpose, and the walls, being formed of water tubes, are supported horizontally at least by buckstays positioned substantially perpendicular to the water tubes, and vertical pillars, located outside the buckstays, are attached to the ground or the foundations of the boiler building. At least two of the walls, located on opposite sides of the furnace are supported in such a way that loads directed perpendicularly to the walls are transferred by the vertical pillars to internal stresses of at least one rigid plane surrounding the boiler.

Abstract: A centrifugal separator assembly including a polygonal separator chamber formed of planar wall sections joined with each other to provide a substantially gas tight structure and having at least four pairs of planar opposite wall sections. The chamber includes a tapered portion formed by having a first inward bending in each of the wall sections. The tapered portion extends as a discharge channel for separated particles from the separator chamber, which discharge channel is formed of first and second pairs of opposite wall sections being perpendicular to each other. In the discharge channel for separated particles, the first pair of wall sections extends into the area between the second pair of wall sections.

Abstract: A separator construction, connectable to a fluidized bed boiler having a furnace, for circulating bed material and returning the material to the furnace. The separator construction includes walls, a ceiling, an inlet conduit, an outlet conduit in flow communication with a flue gas channel located above the separator, and a suspending device connecting the separator to a supporting structure in a building housing the boiler. The suspending device is formed of a frame arranged between the flue gas channel and the separator in connection with an upper circumference of the wall of the separator, and hanger rods or wires connecting the frame directly to the supporting structure.

Abstract: A boiler water cycle of a fluidized bed boiler, preferably, a supercritical once-through-unit (OTU) boiler, includes a drop leg, a number of horizontal inlet headers, substantially having a length of the length of a front wall of the furnace of the boiler, arranged below the furnace, and panels of water tubes of the front wall and a rear wall, extensions of the water tubes being directly connected to the inlet headers, wherein each inlet header is in flow communication with a drop leg by way of an inlet duct connected to the end of the inlet header. The inlet headers include a front wall chamber below the front wall of the furnace, a rear wall chamber arranged below the rear wall of the furnace, and at least one grid chamber below the center part of the furnace grid in a wind box of the fluidized bed boiler.