Abstract: There are provided mechanisms for methods and apparatuses for transform selection in encoding and decoding of video blocks.

Abstract: There is provided a method for encoding one or more images. The method comprises filtering, with a first filter, input samples I(x,y) to generate a first filtered output Ifirst(x,y)=I(x,y)+?Ifirst(x,y). The method comprises estimating parameters for a second filter based at least in part on the first filtered output Ifirst(x,y), the input samples I(x,y), and original samples Iorig(x,y). The method comprises filtering, with the second filter, input samples I(x,y) to generate a second filtered output Isecond(x,y)=I(x,y)+?Isecond(x,y), wherein filtering, with the second filter, is based at least in part on the parameters estimated for the second filter. The method comprises generating a combined output ICOMB(x,y)=I(x,y)+?Ifirst(x,y)+?Isecond(x,y).

Abstract: A prediction unit (60) for an encoder (24) or decoder (44) implements matrix based intra prediction Input boundary samples for a current block are downsampled to obtain reduced boundary samples for matrix multiplication and/or linear interpolation, or both. In one embodiment, downsampling is performed in a manner that aligns the reduced boundary samples with an output of a matrix multiplication unit of the prediction unit. In other embodiments, downsampling is performed without averaging. The embodiments reduce the complexity of the prediction unit and the latency of the encoder (24) or decoder (44).

Abstract: There is provided a method for encoding a picture. The method comprises, for each picture on either side of the current picture with a distance of one or two away from the current picture, computing a first error value, E, wherein the first error value, E, is computed for each block of a set of blocks of a first block size of the current picture and is based on the respective block of the current picture and a corresponding block in the picture. The method comprises, for each picture on either side of the current picture with a distance of one or two away from the current picture, aggregating the first error value, E, over a block of a second block size for each block of the set of blocks of the first block size contained in the block of the second block size to generate a second error value, E?, corresponding to the picture.

Abstract: An encoded video sequence including a plurality of images may be decoded. First and second adjacent blocks of an image of an encoded video sequence may be provided. A line of pixels including pixels of the first and second blocks may be defined extending across a boundary between the first and second blocks. A first reference value may be calculated based on a first pixel of the pixels from the first block. A second reference value may be calculated based on a second pixel of the pixels from the second block. Filtered pixel values for each pixel of the line of pixels between the first pixel and the second pixel may be calculated using interpolation based on the first and/or second reference values. Filtered blocks may be generated using the filtered pixel values, and a decoded video sequence may be generated based on the filtered blocks.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for video processing. In one aspect, filtering is applied after applying a set of offset values to one or more coefficients. The application of an offset value may be based on a determination as to whether the coefficient meets a threshold value.

Abstract: In an image processing device (i.e. encoder or decoder), the number of loop filter stages is lowered by combining bilateral loop filtering (or Hadamard loop filtering) with either sample Adaptive Offset Filtering (SAO) or Adaptive Loop Filtering (ALF). This avoids the implementation problems associated with too many loop filter stages and provides approximately the same compression efficiency gain as having separate loop filter stages.

Abstract: A system for treating pulp comprises a dewatering device (2) for dewatering the pulp to a fiber concentration of at least 20%, a closed pulp-shredding vessel (16) for shredding the dewatered pulp, and an outlet pipe (22) from the pulp-shredding vessel. A transport screw (18) is arranged in the outlet pipe for transporting the shredded pulp from the pulp-shredding vessel through the outlet pipe through a reactor vessel (6) for bleaching the shredded pulp through reaction with ozone gas. The outlet pipe (22) is designed with a heightened roof portion (27), so that an upper gas space (29) free from pulp is formed in the outlet pipe between the roof portion and the transport screw. A flow-restraining member in the form of a partition wall (31) is arranged in the upper gas space in the outlet pipe for restraining the gas flow through the gas space, whereby the pumping action of the transport screw in the outlet pipe is decreased.

Abstract: Methods and systems for the treatment of pulp are provided. The methods include dewatering pulp to a fiber concentration of at least 20%, shredding the dewatered pulp in a closed pulp shredding vessel, transporting the shredded pulp without compression continuously out of the pulp shredding vessel through an outlet pipe which is kept completely filled with passing pulp, directly transporting the shredded pulp to a reaction vessel through a gas-tight conduit gas sealed from the surroundings and communicating with the outlet pipe and the reaction vessel, bleaching the shredded pulp in the reaction vessel with ozone gas, and regulating the gas pressure in the pulp shredding vessel and in the reaction vessel so that ozone gas is prevented from leaking upstream through the outlet pipe.