Abstract: The invention is directed towards methods and apparatus for improving the accuracy of monitors measuring the property of spray water used to cool a molten metal strand in a continuous casting operation. The method utilizes a highly effective slid-sieve to remove particles from sample water that would otherwise jam the monitor or would break the monitor. This particle removal results in the monitor providing more accurate measurements which in turn results in lower operating expenses, reduced maintenance costs, and production costs.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention is concerned with a composition containing: (A) at least 10 ?g of particular substituted pyrroles per kg of dry matter; and (B) at least 100 mg per kg of dry matter of a pyranone selected from the group consisting of maltol, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one and combinations thereof; which composition, when dissolved in water at a dry solids content of 0.1 wt. %, exhibits: i. an absorption at 280 nm (A280) that exceeds 0.01, preferably exceeds 0.05; and ii. an absorption ratio A280/560 of at least 100, preferably of at least 200. The present composition can advantageously be used as an additive in beverages or foodstuffs to prevent or reduce light induced flavor changes. The invention also encompasses a process for the manufacture of the aforementioned composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved method of inhibiting corrosion and calcium sulfate and calcium carbonate scaling in thermal and membrane desalination processes. The method includes adding a composition having an acrylic acid 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl sulfonic acid copolymer, combined with a synergistically effective amount of oligomeric phosphinosuccinic acid to seawater or recirculation brine in a desalting process to produce water for drinking and industrial applications. The method also includes adding a composition including mono, bis, and oligomeric phosphinosuccinic acid adducts to the desalting process.

Abstract: The invention is directed towards methods and apparatus for improving the accuracy of monitors measuring the property of spray water used to cool a molten metal strand in a continuous casting operation. The method utilizes a highly effective slid-sieve to remove particles from sample water that would otherwise jam the monitor or would break the monitor. This particle removal results in the monitor providing more accurate measurements which in turn results in lower operating expenses, reduced maintenance costs, and production costs.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention is concerned with a composition comprising caramelised carbohydrate, which composition, when dissolved in water at a dry solids content of 0.1 wt. %, exhibits: i. an absorption at 280 nm (A280) that exceeds 0.01, preferably exceeds 0.05, more preferably exceeds 0.1 and most preferably exceeds 0.3; and ii. an absorption ratio A280/560 of at least 200, preferably of at least 250. Other aspects of the invention relate to a method of manufacturing a beverage or foodstuff that is resistant to light induced flavor changes, said method comprising introducing into said beverage or foodstuff a composition as defined above; and to a process for the manufacture of said composition.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for detecting contamination of a boiler condensate and/or a boiler feedwater in industrial fermentation processes. The method includes measuring an oxidation-reduction potential at one or more locations in the fermentation process with one or more devices capable of measuring oxidation-reduction potential at operating temperature and pressure. If the measured oxidation-reduction potential is not within an optimum range, an alarm is triggered.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved method of inhibiting corrosion and calcium sulfate and calcium carbonate scaling in thermal and membrane desalination processes. The method includes adding a composition having an acrylic acid 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl sulfonic acid copolymer, combined with a synergistically effective amount of oligomeric phosphinosuccinic acid to seawater or recirculation brine in a desalting process to produce water for drinking and industrial applications. The method also includes adding a composition including mono, bis, and oligomeric phosphinosuccinic acid adducts to the desalting process.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention is concerned with a composition that can suitably be used as an additive in beverages and foodstuffs, which composition: i. contains at least 0.5%, preferably at least 1.0%, by weight of dry matter, of pyrazine derivatives according to formula (I): wherein R1-R4 independently represent hydrogen; a hydroxyhydrocarbyl residue; an ester of a hydroxyhydrocarbyl residue; or an ether of a hydroxyhydrocarbyl residue; and at least one R1-R4 is a hydroxyhydrocarbyl residue or an ester or an ether thereof, and ii. exhibits an absorption ratio A280/560 of at least 80, preferably of at least 250. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a beverage or a foodstuff that is resistant to light induced flavour changes, said method comprising introducing into said beverage or foodstuff the aforementioned light stabilising composition and to a process for the manufacture of such a light stabilising composition.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for detecting contamination of a boiler condensate and/or a boiler feedwater in industrial fermentation processes. The method includes measuring an oxidation-reduction potential at one or more locations in the fermentation process with one or more devices capable of measuring oxidation-reduction potential at operating temperature and pressure. If the measured oxidation-reduction potential is not within an optimum range, an alarm is triggered.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved method of inhibiting corrosion and calcium sulfate and calcium carbonate scaling in thermal and membrane desalination processes. The method includes adding a composition having an acrylic acid 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl sulfonic acid copolymer, optionally combined with an oligomeric phosphinosuccinic acid to seawater or recirculation brine in a desalting process to produce water for drinking and industrial applications. The method also includes adding a composition including mono, bis, and oligomeric phosphinosuccinic acid adducts to the desalting process.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention is concerned with a composition containing: (A) at least 10 ?g of particular substituted pyrroles per kg of dry matter; and (B) at least 100 mg per kg of dry matter of a pyranone selected from the group consisting of maltol, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one and combinations thereof; which composition, when dissolved in water at a dry solids content of 0.1 wt. %, exhibits: i. an absorption at 280 nm (A280) that exceeds 0.01, preferably exceeds 0.05; and ii. an absorption ratio A280/560 of at least 100, preferably of at least 200. The present composition can advantageously be used as an additive in beverages or foodstuffs to prevent or reduce light induced flavour changes. The invention also encompasses a process for the manufacture of the aforementioned composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved method of inhibiting corrosion and calcium sulfate and calcium carbonate scaling in thermal and membrane desalination processes. The method includes adding a composition having an oligomeric phosphinosuccinic acid to seawater or recirculation brine in a desalting process to produce water for drinking and industrial applications. The method also includes adding a composition including mono, bis, and oligomeric phosphinosuccinic acid adducts to the desalting process.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention is concerned with a composition comprising caramelised carbohydrate, which composition, when dissolved in water at a dry solids content of 0.1 wt. %, exhibits: i. an absorption at 280 nm (A280) that exceeds 0.01, preferably exceeds 0.05, more preferably exceeds 0.1 and most preferably exceeds 0.3; and ii. an absorption ratio A280/560 of at least 200, preferably of at least 250. Other aspects of the invention relate to a method of manufacturing a beverage or foodstuff that is resistant to light induced flavour changes, said method comprising introducing into said beverage or foodstuff a composition as defined above; and to a process for the manufacture of said composition.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention is concerned with a composition that can suitably be used as an additive in beverages and foodstuffs, which composition: i. contains at least 0.5%, preferably at least 1.0%, by weight of dry matter, of pyrazine derivatives according to formula (I): wherein R1-R4 independently represent hydrogen; a hydroxyhydrocarbyl residue; an ester of a hydroxyhydrocarbyl residue; or an ether of a hydroxyhydrocarbyl residue; and at least one R1-R4 is a hydroxyhydrocarbyl residue or an ester or an ether thereof, and ii. exhibits an absorption ratio A280/560 of at least 80, preferably of at least 250. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a beverage or a foodstuff that is resistant to light induced flavour changes, said method comprising introducing into said beverage or foodstuff the aforementioned light stabilising composition and to a process for the manufacture of such a light stabilising composition.