Abstract: An improved shot wad structure has a longer outer wad cup, a shorter inner wad cup and a plastic wad insert, and is useful in a shotshell with hard shot pellets, such as steel or tungsten shot. The outer cup, formed of a soft, low tensile strength material, such as polyethylene, is capable of obturating combustion gases produced in a gun barrel when the shotshell is fired, whereas the inner cup, formed of a tough, high tensile strength material, such as nylon, is adapted to support a shot column and is capable of withstanding compressive forces generated by shot acceleration to protect the barrel from being scored by the hard shot.

Abstract: An all-plastic cartridge case is disclosed. The case is all-plastic polyethylene and has a hard-plastic rim and a soft-plastic glass-filled high density polyethylene basewad. The basewad is of a plastic similar to but stronger and tougher than that of the shotshell tube while the rim is of a hard plastic which is chemically dissimilar to the tube. The rim is mechanically locked to the tough basewad and the basewad is chemically bonded to the tube. Also disclosed is a two-step method for molding such a shell with a triple plastic head. Either the rim or the basewad is molded first and the other of the two is molded through the first.

Abstract: An all-plastic cartridge case is disclosed. The case is all-plastic and has a hard-plastic rim and a soft-plastic basewad. The basewad is of a plastic similar to that of the shotshell tube while the rim is of a plastic which is chemically dissimilar to the tube. The basewad and rim are mechanically interlocked. Also disclosed is a two-step method for molding such a shell with a dual plastic head. Either the rim or the basewad is molded first and the other of the two is molded through the first.