Abstract: Some embodiments provide a method for identifying a realization status of one or more logical entities of a logical network. In some embodiments the method is implemented by a controller that controls network data communications in a logical network. The method receives a request for realization status of a set of logical entities at a particular point of time that is associated with a particular value of a realization number. The method determines whether configuration data up to the particular point of time for each logical entity in the set has been processed and distributed to a set of local controllers that operates on a set of host machines. The method returns a realization reply that includes a successful realization message when the configuration data up to the particular point in time for each logical entity in the set has been processed and distributed to the set of local controllers.

Abstract: In general, the present invention relates to a virtual platform in which one or more distributed virtual switches can be created for use in virtual networking. According to some aspects, the distributed virtual switch according to the invention provides the ability for virtual and physical machines to more readily, securely, and efficiently communicate with each other even if they are not located on the same physical host and/or in the same subnet or VLAN. According other aspects, the distributed virtual switches of the invention can support integration with traditional IP networks and support sophisticated IP technologies including NAT functionality, stateful firewalling, and notifying the IP network of workload migration. According to further aspects, the virtual platform of the invention creates one or more distributed virtual switches which may be allocated to a tenant, application, or other entity requiring isolation and/or independent configuration state.

Abstract: In general, the present invention relates to a virtual platform in which one or more distributed virtual switches can be created for use in virtual networking. According to some aspects, the distributed virtual switch according to the invention provides the ability for virtual and physical machines to more readily, securely, and efficiently communicate with each other even if they are not located on the same physical host and/or in the same subnet or VLAN. According other aspects, the distributed virtual switches of the invention can support integration with traditional IP networks and support sophisticated IP technologies including NAT functionality, stateful firewalling, and notifying the IP network of workload migration. According to further aspects, the virtual platform of the invention creates one or more distributed virtual switches which may be allocated to a tenant, application, or other entity requiring isolation and/or independent configuration state.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a method for a system that enforces policy for a network. The method receives (i) a first set of network state data from a first cloud management application that manages a first aspect of the network and stores its network state data in a first format and (ii) a second set of network state data from a second cloud management application that manages a second aspect of the network and stores its network state data in a second format. The method stores the first and second sets of network state data in a single, unified data format. The method monitors the stored sets of network state data to determine whether the network state violates one or more network policies that constrain the network state received from the first and second cloud management applications.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a method for a system that monitors a network to prevent violations of network policies. The method stores network state data that describes the network. The method identifies that a first set of stored network state data violates a particular policy declared for the network. The method issues a command to a first cloud management application to modify the network state data such that the modified network state data does not violate the particular policy. The method determines whether a requested action that modifies a second set of network state data, received from a second cloud management application, violates any policies. The method responds to the second cloud management application to permit the requested change when the modified second set of network state data does not violate any policies and deny the requested change when the modified second set of network state data violates the particular policy.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a method for a system that monitors a network to prevent violations of declared policies. The method stores network state data received from a plurality of data sources as a set of tables. The method receives a declaration of a policy that specifies a set of conditions for a particular set of network state entities received from at least two of the data sources. The set of conditions is specified as an existence of a set of data tuples involving the set of network state entities in the stored set of tables. The method monitors the network state data according to the declared policy.

Abstract: Systems and methods for managing a network are described. A view of current state of the network is maintained where the current state of the network characterizes network topology and network constituents, including network entities and network elements residing in or on the network. Events are announced that correspond to changes in the state of the network and one or more network elements can be configured accordingly. Methods for managing network traffic are described that ensure forwarding and other actions taken by network elements implement globally declared network policy and refer to high-level names, independently of network topology and the location of network constituents. Methods for discovering network constituents are described, whereby are automatically configured. Routing may be performed using ACL and packets can be intercepted to permit host to continue in sleep mode. The methods are applicable to virtual environments.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a method that identifies several higher level switching elements for facilitating lower level switching elements to forward packets among network hosts. The method establishes a set of tunnels among the lower level switching elements and the higher level switching elements. At least one tunnel is established between a lower level switching element and a higher level switching element. For each higher level switching element in the several higher level switching elements, the method identifies a first set of forwarding data that specifies forwarding of packets between the higher level switching element and the several lower level switching elements. For each lower level switching element in the several lower level switching elements, the method identifies a second set of forwarding data that specifies forwarding of packets between the lower level switching element, the several of network hosts, and the several higher level switching elements.

Abstract: Systems and methods for managing a network are described. A view of current state of the network is maintained where the current state of the network characterizes network topology and network constituents, including network entities and network elements residing in or on the network. Events are announced that correspond to changes in the state of the network and one or more network elements can be configured accordingly. Methods for managing network traffic are described that ensure forwarding and other actions taken by network elements implement globally declared network policy and refer to high-level names, independently of network topology and the location of network constituents. Methods for discovering network constituents are described, whereby are automatically configured. Routing may be performed using ACL and packets can be intercepted to permit host to continue in sleep mode. The methods are applicable to virtual environments.

Abstract: In general, the present invention relates to a virtual platform in which one or more distributed virtual switches can be created for use in virtual networking. According to some aspects, the distributed virtual switch according to the invention provides the ability for virtual and physical machines to more readily, securely, and efficiently communicate with each other even if they are not located on the same physical host and/or in the same subnet or VLAN. According other aspects, the distributed virtual switches of the invention can support integration with traditional IP networks and support sophisticated IP technologies including NAT functionality, stateful firewalling, and notifying the IP network of workload migration. According to further aspects, the virtual platform of the invention creates one or more distributed virtual switches which may be allocated to a tenant, application, or other entity requiring isolation and/or independent configuration state.

Abstract: In general, the present invention relates to a virtual platform in which one or more distributed virtual switches can be created for use in virtual networking. According to some aspects, the distributed virtual switch according to the invention provides the ability for virtual and physical machines to more readily, securely, and efficiently communicate with each other even if they are not located on the same physical host and/or in the same subnet or VLAN. According other aspects, the distributed virtual switches of the invention can support integration with traditional IP networks and support sophisticated IP technologies including NAT functionality, stateful firewalling, and notifying the IP network of workload migration. According to further aspects, the virtual platform of the invention creates one or more distributed virtual switches which may be allocated to a tenant, application, or other entity requiring isolation and/or independent configuration state.

Abstract: Port security in some embodiments is a technique to apply to a particular port of a logical switching element such that the network data entering and existing the logical switching element through the particular logical port have certain addresses that the switching element has restricted the logical port to use. For instance, a logical switching element may restrict a particular logical port to one or more certain network addresses To enable a logical port of a logical switch for port security, the control application of some embodiments receives user inputs that designate a particular logical port and a logical switch to which the particular logical port belongs. The control application in some embodiments formats the user inputs into logical control plane data specifying the designation. The control application in some embodiments then converts the logical control plane data into logical forwarding data that specify port security functions.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the invention provide a robust scaling-out of network functionality by providing a software layer, called the network hypervisor, that sits between the network forwarding functions (i.e., the forwarding plane) and the network control interfaces (i.e., the control plane). The network hypervisor of some embodiments provides a logical abstraction of the network's forwarding functionality, so that network operators make their control decisions in terms of this abstraction, independent of the details of the underlying networking hardware. The network hypervisor of some embodiments may then “compile” commands placed against this abstraction into configurations of the underlying hardware. Accordingly, in some embodiments, there are two design challenges: (1) the choice of the network abstraction, and (2) the technology needed to compile the logical “abstract” controls into low-level configurations.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a method that identifies several higher level switching elements for facilitating lower level switching elements to forward packets among network hosts. The method establishes a set of tunnels among the lower level switching elements and the higher level switching elements. At least one tunnel is established between a lower level switching element and a higher level switching element. For each higher level switching element in the several higher level switching elements, the method identifies a first set of forwarding data that specifies forwarding of packets between the higher level switching element and the several lower level switching elements. For each lower level switching element in the several lower level switching elements, the method identifies a second set of forwarding data that specifies forwarding of packets between the lower level switching element, the several of network hosts, and the several higher level switching elements.

Abstract: Port security in some embodiments is a technique to apply to a particular port of a logical switching element such that the network data entering and existing the logical switching element through the particular logical port have certain addresses that the switching element has restricted the logical port to use. For instance, a logical switching element may restrict a particular logical port to one or more certain network addresses. To enable a logical port of a logical switch for port security, the control application of some embodiments receives user inputs that designate a particular logical port and a logical switch to which the particular logical port belongs. The control application in some embodiments formats the user inputs into logical control plane data specifying the designation. The control application in some embodiments then converts the logical control plane data into logical forwarding data that specify port security functions.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the invention provide a robust scaling-out of network functionality by providing a software layer, called the network hypervisor, that sits between the network forwarding functions (i.e., the forwarding plane) and the network control interfaces (i.e., the control plane). The network hypervisor of some embodiments provides a logical abstraction of the network's forwarding functionality, so that network operators make their control decisions in terms of this abstraction, independent of the details of the underlying networking hardware. The network hypervisor of some embodiments may then “compile” commands placed against this abstraction into configurations of the underlying hardware. Accordingly, in some embodiments, there are two design challenges: (1) the choice of the network abstraction, and (2) the technology needed to compile the logical “abstract” controls into low-level configurations.

Abstract: In general, the present invention relates to a virtual platform in which one or more distributed virtual switches can be created for use in virtual networking. According to some aspects, the distributed virtual switch according to the invention provides the ability for virtual and physical machines to more readily, securely, and efficiently communicate with each other even if they are not located on the same physical host and/or in the same subnet or VLAN. According other aspects, the distributed virtual switches of the invention can support integration with traditional IP networks and support sophisticated IP technologies including NAT functionality, stateful firewalling, and notifying the IP network of workload migration. According to further aspects, the virtual platform of the invention creates one or more distributed virtual switches which may be allocated to a tenant, application, or other entity requiring isolation and/or independent configuration state.

Abstract: Systems and methods for managing a network are described. A view of current state of the network is maintained where the current state of the network characterizes network topology and network constituents, including network entities and network elements residing in or on the network. Events are announced that correspond to changes in the state of the network and one or more network elements can be configured accordingly. Methods for managing network traffic are described that ensure forwarding and other actions taken by network elements implement globally declared network policy and refer to high-level names, independently of network topology and the location of network constituents. Methods for discovering network constituents are described, whereby are automatically configured. Routing may be performed using ACL and packets can be intercepted to permit host to continue in sleep mode. The methods are applicable to virtual environments.