Abstract: The present invention relates to a quick circuit breaker, that is, a switch with which an electrical circuit can be disconnected particularly quickly. Such switches are occasionally also referred to as pyrotechnic disconnect devices or as electrical interrupting switching elements. In particular, it is a quick circuit breaker (10) which comprises a current supply contact and a current discharge contact which are connected by a conductor (20) and in which the conductor (20) is guided through a separation chamber (12) and an expansion vessel (18) being provided in the separation chamber (12), the expansion vessel (18) being able to be expanded by an explosive charge. It is further about a method for emergency disconnection of a circuit.

Abstract: A device for permanently secure disconnection of an electric circuit with high currents at high voltages with an inductive load is provided. The device has a first and a second switch/switch group, connected to each other in series and can be transferred from a closed state into a separated state for disconnecting the electric circuit, wherein none of the switches/switch groups is formed such that it is capable of permanently disconnecting the electric circuit by itself, and a control unit, which actuates the second switch/switch group and which is formed such that the second switch/switch group is transferred from the closed state into the separated state after the first switch/switch group. Further provided is an electric circuit which includes the device and a voltage source, a load resistance and an inductive load. A method using the device is also provided.

Abstract: An interruption switch is provided for interrupting high currents at high voltages, with a casing, which surrounds a contact unit defining the current path through the interruption switch which has a first and second connection contact and a separation region. The contact unit is formed such that a current can be supplied to it via the first connection contact and can be discharged therefrom via the second connection contact, or vice versa. The separation region is formed such that, when it is separated, the current path between the first connection contact and the second connection contact is interrupted. The separation region is arranged inside a reaction chamber. A coating with a reactive material is present in the reaction chamber. The reactive material is designed such that under the influence of an electric arc it attenuates or extinguishes the electric arc.

Abstract: An example electrical interruption switch includes a casing, surrounding a contact unit defining current path therethrough. The contact unit has a first and second connection contact and a separation region. A current supplied to the contact unit via the first connection contact can be discharged therefrom via the second connection contact, or vice versa. The separation region includes a tubular element, an axial direction of which runs along an axis X, wherein the tubular element is separable into two parts along a plane perpendicular to the axis X, whereby the current is interrupted between the first and the second connection contact, wherein the tubular element has two opposite end regions along the direction of extent of the axis X, characterized in that the tubular element has a minimum wall thickness, which increases in each case in the direction of the end regions, in a region between the end regions.

Abstract: An example interruption switch includes a casing surrounding a contact unit, defining a current path through the switch, which has two connection contacts, a separation region and a sabot. A current supplied to the contact unit may be interrupted via the one of the connection contacts and discharged via the other connection contact. At least one chamber in the switch, delimited by the separation region, is substantially filled with a vaporizable medium in contact with the separation region. The separation region is separable into at least two parts through the supplied current when a threshold amperage is exceeded. An electric arc forming between the two parts at least partially vaporizes the vaporizable medium, and a gas pressure to which the sabot is exposed forms. The sabot moves, in the casing, from a starting to an end position, achieving an insulation spacing between the connection contacts.

Abstract: An electrical interruption switch for interrupting high currents at high voltages includes a casing, surrounding a contact unit defining a current path through the switch, and a pyrotechnic material, comprising a gas and/or shock wave-generating, activatable material. The contact unit has first and second connection contacts and a separation region. The pyrotechnic material and contact unit are formed such that a current to be interrupted is supplied to the contact unit via the first connection contact and discharged therefrom via the second connection contact, or vice versa. When the pyrotechnic material is ignited, the separation region is exposed to a gas pressure and/or shock wave, such that the separation region is torn open, caved in or separated. At least one chamber in the switch, at least partially delimited by the separation region, is filled with a filling material.

Abstract: An example electrical interruption switch includes a casing, surrounding a contact unit defining a current path therethrough. The contact unit has a first and second connection contact, a separation region and an upsetting region. A current supplied to the contact unit via the first connection contact, can be discharged via the second connection contact, or vice versa. The contact unit includes, or is connected to, a sabot configured to move from a starting to an end position via pressure; in the end position, the separation region is separated causing an insulation spacing between the first and second connection contacts. The upsetting region, upset during movement of the sabot from the starting to end positions, is formed as a tubular or rod-shaped element having an axis; the tubular or rod-shaped element has one or more tapers in its cross-sectional diameter; and the cross-sectional diameter is defined perpendicular to the axis.

Abstract: An example electrical interruption switch includes a casing, surrounding a contact unit defining current path therethrough. The contact unit has a first and second connection contact and a separation region. A current supplied to the contact unit via the first connection contact can be discharged therefrom via the second connection contact, or vice versa. The separation region includes a tubular element, an axial direction of which runs along an axis X, wherein the tubular element is separable into two parts along a plane perpendicular to the axis X, whereby the current is interrupted between the first and the second connection contact, wherein the tubular element has two opposite end regions along the direction of extent of the axis X, characterized in that the tubular element has a minimum wall thickness, which increases in each case in the direction of the end regions, in a region between the end regions.

Abstract: An interruption switch is provided for interrupting high currents at high voltages, with a casing, which surrounds a contact unit defining the current path through the interruption switch which has a first and second connection contact and a separation region. The contact unit is formed such that a current can be supplied to it via the first connection contact and can be discharged therefrom via the second connection contact, or vice versa. The separation region is formed such that, when it is separated, the current path between the first connection contact and the second connection contact is interrupted. The separation region is arranged inside a reaction chamber. A coating with a reactive material is present in the reaction chamber. The reactive material is designed such that under the influence of an electric arc it attenuates or extinguishes the electric arc.

Abstract: An example interruption switch includes a casing surrounding a contact unit, defining a current path through the switch, which has two connection contacts, a separation region and a sabot. A current supplied to the contact unit may be interrupted via the one of the connection contacts and discharged via the other connection contact. At least one chamber in the switch, delimited by the separation region, is substantially filled with a vaporizable medium in contact with the separation region. The separation region is separable into at least two parts through the supplied current when a threshold amperage is exceeded. An electric arc forming between the two parts at least partially vaporizes the vaporizable medium, and a gas pressure to which the sabot is exposed forms. The sabot moves, in the casing, from a starting to an end position, achieving an insulation spacing between the connection contacts.

Abstract: The invention relates to a needleless injection device or a device for the needleless injection of a substance into a tissue or body, with which device a substance, in particular an active substance, can be injected by means of high pressure. A device according to the invention comprises a chamber (11) containing a pyrotechnic material, wherein the chamber has a fixed double membrane (13, 15) at a discharge opening, wherein the skin-side membrane (15) of the double membrane (13, 15) is provided with a substance application (25). A successful injection lies in the fact that sufficient substance is introduced into the body through the tissue barrier or body barrier, in particular such as the skin.

Abstract: A device for permanently secure disconnection of an electric circuit with high currents at high voltages with an inductive load is provided. The device has a first and a second switch/switch group, connected to each other in series and can be transferred from a closed state into a separated state for disconnecting the electric circuit, wherein none of the switches/switch groups is formed such that it is capable of permanently disconnecting the electric circuit by itself, and a control unit, which actuates the second switch/switch group and which is formed such that the second switch/switch group is transferred from the closed state into the separated state after the first switch/switch group. Further provided is an electric circuit which includes the device and a voltage source, a load resistance and an inductive load. A method using the device is also provided.

Abstract: An example electrical interruption switch includes a casing, surrounding a contact unit defining a current path therethrough. The contact unit has a first and second connection contact, a separation region and an upsetting region. A current supplied to the contact unit via the first connection contact can be discharged via the second connection contact, or vice versa. The contact unit includes, or is connected to, a sabot configured to move from a starting to an end position via pressure; in the end position, the separation region is separated causing an insulation spacing between the first and second connection contacts. The upsetting region, upset during movement of the sabot from the starting to end positions, is formed as a tubular or rod-shaped element having; the tubular or rod-shaped element has one or more tapers in its cross-sectional diameter; and the cross-sectional diameter is defined perpendicular to the axis.

Abstract: An electrical interruption switch for interrupting high currents at high voltages includes a casing, surrounding a contact unit defining a current path through the switch, and a pyrotechnic material, comprising a gas and/or shock wave-generating, activatable material. The contact unit has first and second connection contacts and a separation region. The pyrotechnic material and contact unit are formed such that a current to be interrupted is supplied to the contact unit via the first connection contact and discharged therefrom via the second connection contact, or vice versa. When the pyrotechnic material is ignited, the separation region is exposed to a gas pressure and/or shock wave, such that the separation region is tom open, caved in or separated. At least one chamber in the switch, at least partially delimited by the separation region, is filled with a filling material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a needleless injection device, comprising a firing chamber (11) for the needleless injection of a substance (25), having a firing chamber containing a pyrotechnic material and a gel-like medium, with which a substance, in particular an active substance, can be accelerated at high speed and injected in a needleless manner into a tissue or into a body by means of a membrane (15). The invention also relates to a method for producing a needleless injection device of this type containing a firing chamber together with pyrotechnic material and filled with a gel-like medium, and use thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a needleless injection device, containing at least one membrane, or a corresponding device for needleless injection of a substance, having at least one membrane, with which a powdered, gel-like or liquid agent, in particular an active agent, can be injected in a needleless manner into a tissue or a body by means of high impact speed. The invention also relates to a method for such a needleless injection device containing a membrane, and use thereof.

Abstract: A switch (10), particularly a disconnecting switch (10) for high direct currents and alternating currents at high voltages, can be transferred from a conducting position into a disconnecting position. The switch (10) is includes a housing (12), a first contact (28), a second contact (30), a switching piston (24) guided by the housing (12) with a connecting element (22), which establishes an electrical connection in the connecting position between the first contact (28) and the second contact (30). The housing (12) defines an interior space surrounding the connecting element (22). The connecting element (22) extends at least partially in the interior space (18) and is filled with an insulating medium (20), and the switch is designed such that a mechanical movement of the switching piston (24) transfers the switch (10) from the connecting position into the disconnecting position.

Abstract: An electrical switch, in particular for high voltages and/or high currents, includes a contact unit which includes at least two contact, a switching element and a drive for the switching element. The drive is designed such that it can move the switching element from an initial position into an end position. The switching element is accelerated during an acceleration phase directly or indirectly by the drive and it passes subsequently through a free movement phase until it has reached the end position.

Abstract: An electrical interruption switch having a casing which surrounds a contact unit which defines the path of the current through the interruption switch, and having a propellant charge having a gas-generating activatable material. The contact unit has a first and a second connection contacts, an upsetting region, a separation region and a sabot. An extinguishing agent is provided in such a way that the motion of the sabot and/or the upsetting of the upsetting region reduces the volume for receiving the extinguishing agent in such a way that the extinguishing agent is injected through at least one discharge channel that connects the volume for receiving the extinguishing agent to the chamber in which the separation region is located, in order to extinguish or to prevent the formation of an electric arc between the ends of the separation region.

Abstract: A pyrotechnic drive device includes a housing (3) provided with a combustion chamber (5) having pyrotechnic material (15) as well as an activation device (13). The combustion chamber is delimited at least in an initial state on all sides by combustion chamber walls (3, 7, 13, 17, 33, 35) formed in at least one partial region by respective pressure-receiving surface or respective pressure-receiving element (17, 35). Each pressure-receiving impact of a pressure-receiving element (17, 35) is impacted after the activation of the pyrotechnic material (15) in such a way by the gas pressure generated in this manner that the pressure-receiving element (17, 35) is moved and/or deformed (17, 35) and/or a mechanical impulse is thus transmitted via the pressure-receiving element (17, 35) to an element to be driven (19) so that a connected substance (25) is transmitted.