Abstract: A method for defining a safety-oriented requirements specification for a technical system completely and concurrently, has: carrying out a safety based specification identification process, performing a sequence based qualitative risk analysis to identify a plurality of safety critical states, partially eliminating safety critical states from identified critical states, recording a plurality of safety critical requirements by a system state machine, creating a reduced state machine based on technical system functional requirements and the recorded requirements, finding a plurality of failure modes and first countermeasures, finding data deviations and second countermeasures, finding failure modes and corresponding corrective actions with respect to a technical system interface, displaying information regarding the identified plurality of failure modes, performing a quantitative safety analysis regarding the technical system, identifying a plurality of risk values, and prioritizing functions in the safety-orie

Abstract: Disclosed is a full error description for a technical system which is described by a system description which can be processed by a computer and stored. The system description contains information on elements available in system and information on the links therebetween. An element error description is determined for each element taken into consideration, using a stored error description which is respectively associated with a reference element. At least one part of the reference elements is grouped into a reference element group and a group error description is determined for the reference elements of a reference element group using a stored group error description which is respectively associated with a reference element group, enabling possible errors of the reference elements of the reference element group to be described. A full error description is determined from the element error descriptions and the group error descriptions, taking into account information on element links.

Abstract: A section of a computer program is used to ascertain a control flow description and a data flow description, and program elements are selected from the section of the computer program. For each selected program element, a stored fault description associated with a respective reference element is used to ascertain an element fault description which describes possible faults in the respective program element. The element fault descriptions are used to ascertain the overall fault description, taking into account the control flow description and the data flow description.

Abstract: The faults are described using a fault description which comprises data which have been determined using failure modes and effects analysis. The fault description is extended by information regarding the dependency of possible faults and the frequency of occurrence of said faults. The extended fault description is used to ascertain, for a prescribed fault event, the fault tree and the frequency of occurrence of the fault event.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method wherein a state description of the technical system for an error occurrence and a state description of the technical system for error-free operation is determined in order to detect sensor and/or actor errors. The attainable states for both descriptions are preferably determined by model checking. A varying number of states of both descriptions is formed, said states being checked as to whether they comply with predeterminable conditions (e.g. safety requirements).

Abstract: A method and an arrangement are provided for predicting measurement data using given measurement data, in which a stochastic process is matched to the given measurement data. Simulation runs are carried out from a given time-point until a final time-point. The forecast measurement data is determined for each simulation run. Measurement data for the final time-point is predicted within a range of values, which is determined by the forecast measurement data.

Abstract: Disclosed is a full error description for a technical system which is described by means of a system description which can be processed by a computer and stored. The system description contains information on elements available in said system and information on the links therebetween. An element error description is determined for each element taken into consideration, using a stored error description which is respectively associated with a reference element. At least one part of the reference elements is grouped into a reference element group and a group error description is determined for the reference elements of a reference element group using a stored group error description which is respectively associated with a reference element group, enabling possible errors of the reference elements of the reference element group to be described. A full error description is determined from the element error descriptions and the group error descriptions, taking into account information on element links.